{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:06:18Z","timestamp":1793232378614,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012241","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000}}],"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005872","name":"Bahir Dar University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["research grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["research grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ghent university","award":["DOS-BOF 01W03820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOS-BOF 01W03820"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Campylobacteriosis disproportionately affects children under five in low-income countries. However, epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) information at the children-animal interface is lacking. We hypothesized that <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> is a major cause of enteritis in children in Ethiopia, and contact with animals is a potential source of transmission. The objective of the study was to determine <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> occurrence and its AMR in children under five with diarrhea, backyard farm animals, and companion pets. Stool from 303 children and feces from 711 animals were sampled. <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> was isolated through membrane filtration on modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar plates under microaerobic incubation, and the technique showed to be feasible for use in regions lacking organized laboratories. Typical isolates were characterized with MALDI-TOF MS and multiplex PCR. Of 303 children, 20% (n = 59) were infected, with a higher proportion in the 6 to 11-month age group. <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> occurred in 64% (n = 14) of dogs and 44% (n = 112) of poultry. <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic> was present in both a child and animal species in 15% (n = 23) of 149 households positive for <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>. MICs using the gradient strip diffusion test of 128 isolates displayed resistance rates of 20% to ciprofloxacin and 11% to doxycycline. MICs of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline varied between <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>jejuni<\/jats:italic>, with higher resistance in <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> and poultry isolates. C<jats:italic>ampylobacter<\/jats:italic> infection in children and its prevalent excretion from backyard poultry and dogs is a understudied concern. The co-occurrence of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>jejuni<\/jats:italic> in animals and children suggest household-level transmission As resistance to ciprofloxacin and doxycycline was observed, therapy of severe campylobacteriosis should consider susceptibility testing. Findings from this study can support evidence-based diagnosis, antimicrobial treatment, and further investigations on the spread of AMR mechanisms for informed One Health intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T20:24:05Z","timestamp":1717532645000},"page":"e0012241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Campylobacter occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profile in under five-year-old diarrheal children, backyard farm animals, and companion 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