{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:26:56Z","timestamp":1790886416705,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012278","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719964800000}}],"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/T015969\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/T015969\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/R021430\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/R021430\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chagas disease is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan parasite <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>. Clinical outcomes range from long-term asymptomatic carriage to cardiac, digestive, neurological and composite presentations that can be fatal in both acute and chronic stages of the disease. Studies of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>cruzi<\/jats:italic> in animal models, principally mice, have informed our understanding of the biological basis of this variability and its relationship to infection and host response dynamics. Hamsters have higher translational value for many human infectious diseases, but they have not been well developed as models of Chagas disease. We transposed a real-time bioluminescence imaging system for <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>cruzi<\/jats:italic> infection from mice into female Syrian hamsters (<jats:italic>Mesocricetus auratus<\/jats:italic>). This enabled us to study chronic tissue pathology in the context of spatiotemporal infection dynamics. Acute infections were widely disseminated, whereas chronic infections were almost entirely restricted to the skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Neither cardiac nor digestive tract disease were reproducible features of the model. Skeletal muscle had only sporadic parasitism in the chronic phase, but nevertheless displayed significant inflammation and fibrosis, features also seen in mouse models. Whereas mice had normal locomotion, all chronically infected hamsters developed hindlimb muscle hypertonia and a gait dysfunction resembling spastic diplegia. With further development, this model may therefore prove valuable in studies of peripheral nervous system involvement in Chagas disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T17:56:14Z","timestamp":1718992574000},"page":"e0012278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamics of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in hamsters and novel association with progressive motor dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Harry","family":"Langston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Fortes Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciaran","family":"Doidge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chrissy H.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archie A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiromani","family":"Jayawardhana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin C.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9540-3280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012278.ref001","article-title":"Global, regional, and national trends of Chagas disease from 1990 to 2019: comprehensive analysis of the global burden of disease study","volume":"17","author":"SA G\u00f3mez-Ochoa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Heart"},{"issue":"10115","key":"pntd.0012278.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31612-4","article-title":"Chagas disease.","volume":"391","author":"JA P\u00e9rez-Molina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0012278.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624296","article-title":"Pathogenesis of chronic Chagas heart disease","volume":"115","author":"JA Marin-Neto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012278.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020117-043711","article-title":"Pathology and Pathogenesis of Chagas Heart Disease","volume":"14","author":"KM Bonney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease."},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012278.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-012-0351-7","article-title":"Current understanding of immunity to Trypanosoma cruzi infection and pathogenesis of Chagas disease","volume":"34","author":"FS Machado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Seminars in Immunopathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012278.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-3067-2","article-title":"Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the wild and its most important reservoir hosts in Brazil.","volume":"11","author":"AM Jansen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"pntd.0012278.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4807","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S90208","article-title":"Translational challenges of animal models in Chagas disease drug development: a review.","volume":"9","author":"E Chatelain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy."},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012278.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761990000100003","article-title":"Influence of Trypanosoma cruzi strain on the pathogenesis of chronic myocardiopathy in mice","volume":"85","author":"SG Andrade","year":"1990","journal-title":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0012278.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12584","article-title":"Host and parasite genetics shape a link between Trypanosoma cruzi infection dynamics and chronic cardiomyopathy","volume":"18","author":"MD Lewis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012278.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1987.37.541","article-title":"Studies of Trypanosoma cruzi Clones in Inbred Mice: III. 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