{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:08:32Z","timestamp":1790798912238,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012279","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000}}],"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006188","name":"Einstein Foundation Berlin","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"internationalization booster -Freie Universt\u00e4t Berlin"},{"name":"DFG Research Training Group 2046"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The standard diagnosis of <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> and other soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections relies on the detection of worm eggs by copromicroscopy. However, this method is dependent on worm patency and shows only limited accuracy in low-intensity infection settings. We aimed to decipher the diagnostic accuracy of different antibodies using various <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> antigens in reference to copromicroscopy and quantitative PCR (qPCR), four months after national STH preventative chemotherapy among school children in western Kenya.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>STH infection status of 390 school children was evaluated via copromicroscopy (Kato-Katz and mini-FLOTAC) and qPCR. In parallel, <jats:italic>Ascaris-<\/jats:italic>specific antibody profiles against larval and adult worm lysates, and adult worm excretory-secretory (ES) products were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody cross-reactivity was evaluated using the closely related zoonotic roundworm species <jats:italic>Toxocara cati<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Toxocara canis<\/jats:italic>. The diagnostic accuracy of each antibody was evaluated using receiver operating curve analysis and the correspondent area under the curve (AUC).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Principal findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> was the predominant helminth infection with an overall prevalence of 14.9% (58\/390). The sensitivity of mini-FLOTAC and Kato-Katz for <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> diagnosis reached only 53.5% and 63.8%, respectively compared to qPCR. Although being more sensitive, qPCR values correlated with microscopic egg counts (R = -0.71, P&lt;0.001), in contrast to antibody levels. Strikingly, IgG antibodies recognizing the ES products of adult <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> worms reliably diagnosed active <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> infection as determined by qPCR and microscopy, with IgG1 displaying the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75\u20130.91).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>IgG1 antibody responses against adult <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic>-ES products hold a promising potential for complementing the standard fecal and molecular techniques employed for monitoring <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> infections. This is of particular importance in the context of deworming programs as the antibody diagnostic accuracy was independent of egg counts.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T17:35:33Z","timestamp":1718732133000},"page":"e0012279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of copromicroscopy, multiplex-qPCR and antibody serology for monitoring of human ascariasis in endemic settings"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7209-4614","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert M.","family":"Mugo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Rausch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaneta 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