{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:23:51Z","timestamp":1791581031866,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Children Without Worms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n The backbone of Kenya\u2019s soil-transmitted helminthiasis control program is the periodic distribution of anti-helminthic preventive chemotherapy (PC). PC distribution has been conducted since 2012 through the National School-Based Deworming Programme, which deworms school-age children (SAC, 5\u201314 years) living in areas at high risk for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. After nearly a decade of deworming, the Ministry of Health sought to generate evidence for program monitoring by estimating the prevalence and intensity of STH infection in Narok and Bomet counties among at-risk groups: preschool-aged children (PSAC, 2\u20134 years), SAC, and women of reproductive age (WRA, 15\u201349 years), of which only SAC are covered by the deworming program.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n During August and December of 2021, we conducted cross-sectional, population-based household surveys in Narok and Bomet counties, using multi-stage, cluster random sampling among resident PSAC, SAC, and WRA. Individual and household questionnaires were administered using an electronic mobile platform. Stool samples were collected and tested for roundworms (\n Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n ), hookworms (\n Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale<\/jats:italic>\n ), and whipworms (\n Trichuris trichura<\/jats:italic>\n ) using the Kato-Katz method.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Stool samples were provided by 1,062 PSAC, 1,922 SAC, and 364 WRA. Results indicated that the prevalence of any STH infection in Bomet county was similar among SAC (16.2% [upper 95% design-corrected confidence interval [U95% CI]: 23.1%]) and PSAC (15.8% [U95% CI: 21.7%]). In Narok county, STH prevalence was marginally higher among PSAC (12.8% [U95% CI: 18.2%]) compared to SAC (11.3% [U95% CI: 16.2%]). Moderate-to-high intensity infection prevalence among PSAC and SAC exceeded the morbidity elimination threshold of 2% in both counties.\n A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n and\n T. trichura<\/jats:italic>\n were most identified; few hookworm infections were detected.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n STH infections remain a public health problem in Narok and Bomet counties. There may be a need to expand PC distribution to include risk groups beyond SAC during deworming exercises, as envisioned in the Breaking Transmission Strategy, to hasten progress toward the achievement of STH as a public health problem.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T19:18:42Z","timestamp":1767122322000},"page":"e0012415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infections in Narok and Bomet Counties, Kenya: Evidence from program monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9339-9676","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul","family":"Kibati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Wakesho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Mwatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denver","family":"Mariga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Ihahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dickson","family":"Kioko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Otieno Oloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvis","family":"Oyugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammy M.","family":"Njenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Masiira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurice","family":"Owiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara","family":"Tupps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Emerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wyckliff","family":"Omondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubina","family":"Imtiaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sultani","family":"Matendechero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjaya","family":"Dhakal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin M.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0012415.ref001","first-page":"196","volume-title":"Ending the neglect to attain the Sustainable Development Goals: a road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021\u20132030","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"pntd.0012415.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Id R, Mpanya A, Inocencio R, Id SL, Id EH, Boelaert M. 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