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Here, we aim to define the microbial community structure and their functional profiles in the dengue positive patients with varying disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology\/Principal findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Hospital admitted 112 dengue-positive patients blood samples were analyzed by dual RNA-sequencing to simultaneously identify the transcriptionally active microbes (TAMs), their expressed genes and associated pathways. Results highlight that patients with severe dengue exhibited increased microbial diversity and presence of opportunistic species (unique and core) which includes <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Streptococcus suis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>. The functional profile analysis revealed enriched metabolic pathways such as protein degradation, nucleotide biosynthesis, ion transport, cell shape integrity, and ATP formation in severe cases, indicating the high energy demands and adaptability of these microbes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our metatranscriptomic approach provides a species-level characterization of blood microbiome composition and reveals a heightened diversity of TAMs in patients with severe dengue, underscoring the need for further research into the role of blood microbiota in disease progression. Comparing the microbial signatures across the severity classes early in the disease offers unique potential for convenient and early diagnosis of dengue infection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T17:36:54Z","timestamp":1729186614000},"page":"e0012589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Metatranscriptomic insights into the dengue patient blood microbiome: Enhanced microbial diversity and metabolic activity in severe patients"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Aanchal","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priti","family":"Devi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pallawi","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uzma","family":"Shamim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bansidhar","family":"Tarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Budhiraja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4404-8327","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rajesh","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0012589.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-023-00504-0","article-title":"Epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection, and its trend in Ethiopia: a comprehensive literature review","volume":"51","author":"B Zerfu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trop Med Health"},{"key":"pntd.0012589.ref002","unstructured":"DENGUE SITUATION IN INDIA :: National Center for Vector Borne Diseases Control (NCVBDC). 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