{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:57:11Z","timestamp":1792195031518,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012605","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000}}],"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022965","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Cto. 891 de 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Cto. 891 de 2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022965","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["cto 489 de 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cto 489 de 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003033","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["909 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["909 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Viruses such as the dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) pose major threats to human health, causing endemic, emerging, and reemerging diseases. These arboviruses have complex life cycles involving\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes, driven by environmental, ecological, socioeconomic, and cultural factors. In Colombia,\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      is the primary vector, but\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is expanding across the country. Understanding the unique characteristics of each species is crucial for managing arbovirus spread, particularly in areas where they coexist.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology\/Principal findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted an entomological survey of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (larvae, pupae, and adults) in urban and rural areas of four municipalities across different elevations (200\u20132200 meters above sea level (masl)) in Colombia. Household conditions and knowledge of DENV were assessed through interviews. Female\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      were tested individually for arbovirus RNA, while\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      were tested in pools (as the accepted primary arbovirus vector in the country). Both species were found up to 2100 masl.\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      comprised 78% of the immature forms collected, while\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      made up 22%. Larvae from both species coexisted in common artificial breeding sites in urban and rural areas, with no evidence of competition.\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      preferred rural areas, lower elevations (&lt;1500 masl), high precipitation (&gt;270\u2009mm), and lowest household conditions, while\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      was more abundant in urban areas, intradomicile environments, and areas with moderate precipitation (100\u2013400\u2009mm). Potential female-human contact was higher for\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.02\u20130.22 females per person), particularly in urban areas, while\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibited lower female per person: 0.001\u20130.08, with the highest values in rural Pat\u00eda. Natural infections of DENV (12.4%) and CHIKV (12.4%) were found in\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      , while\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed CHIKV (41.2%) and DENV (23%) infections, with virus dissemination to the legs and salivary glands.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\/significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Integrating household conditions and community knowledge with environmental data can enhance predictive models for the eco-epidemiological characterization of Aedes-borne viruses, especially in areas where two vector species with distinct ecological characteristics coexist. Our findings highlight the need to consider\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a potentially significant arbovirus vector in Colombia, especially given the presence of arboviruses in its salivary glands, its use of artificial breeding sites, its biting risk inside homes, and its differing ecological preferences and seasonal associations compared to\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T14:15:45Z","timestamp":1744121745000},"page":"e0012605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Environmental and anthropic factors influencing Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), with emphasis on natural infection and dissemination: Implications for an emerging vector in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1660-5237","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan S.","family":"Mantilla-Granados","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Montilla-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Sarmiento-Senior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elver","family":"Chapal-Arcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam Luc\u00eda","family":"Velandia-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Andr\u00e9s","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime E.","family":"Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012605.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed5030142","article-title":"Global Perspectives on Arbovirus Outbreaks: A 2020 Snapshot","volume":"5","author":"RC Kading","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0012605.ref002","article-title":"Pan American Health Organization. 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