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Fungal diseases are concerning due to increasing incidence and the limited variety of antifungal classes available for treatment. Furthermore, antifungal medications can cause various side effects, exacerbated by their prolonged use during infection treatment. There is a need to explore alternatives to conventional drugs that are effective, fast, and safe in combating sporotrichosis. This study aimed to achieve <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> elimination of the fungi <jats:italic>Sporothrix brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Sporothrix schenckii<\/jats:italic> through Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI), using curcumin as a photosensitizer and in combination with antifungal agents used in the treatment of sporotrichosis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Yeasts of <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Sporothrix brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Sporothrix schenckii<\/jats:italic> were subjected to Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) using light at a wavelength of 450 \u00b1 10 nm, irradiance of 35 mW\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, delivering a fluence of 31.5 J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, with curcumin as the photosensitizer at doses ranging from 0.75 to 150 \u03bcg\/mL. After determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of the antifungal drugs itraconazole, ketoconazole, and potassium iodide, sub-MIC doses of these antifungals were combined with sub-MIC doses of curcumin in a new PDI session.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Photodynamic inactivation is a promising technique in the treatment of sporotrichosis, as well as its combination with antifungals. The combination of curcumin in concentrations ranging from 0.75 g\/mL a 7.5 g\/mL with sub-MIC concentrations of itraconazole, ketoconazole, and potassium iodide was able to completely inactivate the fungi <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>schenckii<\/jats:italic>, indicating that PDI may increase the effectiveness of antifungals. However, further studies are needed to establish protocols for future clinical applications.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T18:36:27Z","timestamp":1731436587000},"page":"e0012637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Photodynamic inactivation strategies for maximizing antifungal effect against Sporothrix spp. and Candida albicans in an in vitro investigation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Amanda Regina","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia Mayumi","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"da 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