{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:08:38Z","timestamp":1783987718115,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000}}],"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82160398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82160398"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Technological Innovation Talent Team of Scientific and Technological Department of Guizhou Province","award":["ZDSYS[2023]004, CXTD[2022]004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS[2023]004, CXTD[2022]004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with an unknown etiology and is difficult to treat. Studies have shown that some helminths and their associated products have therapeutic potential in controlling or preventing inflammatory diseases. This study is to investigate the mitigation effects of <jats:italic>Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic> antigens (HnAg) on the UC model. HnAg significantly improved the disease activity index, colon length, and colonic pathological damage in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. HnAg intervention could protect the number of goblet cells and enhance the expression of tight junction proteins and mucins, thereby improving intestinal barrier integrity. HnAg attenuated small intestinal organoid damage and stimulated intestinal stem cells proliferation in a DSS-induced mouse organoid inflammation model. The protective mechanism of HnAg might be related to the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)\/IL-22 signaling pathway, which regulates intestinal barrier function and promotes the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells. In conclusion, HnAg has a therapeutic effect on UC mice. Our study provides a new approach for alleviating UC by <jats:italic>Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic> and its associated products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T18:49:38Z","timestamp":1734029378000},"page":"e0012714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hymenolepis nana antigens alleviate ulcerative colitis by promoting intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation via AhR\/IL-22 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9692-1565","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xuanyin","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6777-6290","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7340-4482","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rong","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012714.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0205-x","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis.","volume":"6","author":"T Kobayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature reviews Disease primers"},{"issue":"10218","key":"pntd.0012714.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32545-0","article-title":"Colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: a Scandinavian population-based cohort study","volume":"395","author":"O Ol\u00e9n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012714.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz131","article-title":"Outcomes and Strategies to Support a Treat-to-target Approach in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review","volume":"14","author":"JF Colombel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Crohn\u2019s & colitis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012714.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14182-2","article-title":"Increased intestinal permeability exacerbates sepsis through reduced hepatic SCD-1 activity and dysregulated iron recycling","volume":"11","author":"M Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012714.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.003","article-title":"Muc2 Mucin and Nonmucin Microbiota Confer Distinct Innate Host Defense in Disease Susceptibility and Colonic Injury.","volume":"11","author":"A Leon-Coria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2021.06.001","article-title":"Epithelial wound healing in inflammatory bowel diseases: the next therapeutic frontier.","volume":"236","author":"CY Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Translational research: The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012714.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.08.016","article-title":"Reserve Stem Cells in Intestinal Homeostasis and Injury","volume":"155","author":"ED Bankaitis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0012714.ref008","first-page":"1359","article-title":"Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Reduces Susceptibility to Epithelial Injury and Modulates Tryptophan Metabolism of the Microbial Community in a Piglet Model.","volume":"12","author":"S Geng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Crohn\u2019s & colitis"},{"issue":"22","key":"pntd.0012714.ref009","article-title":"Promoting Effect of L-Fucose on the Regeneration of Intestinal Stem Cells through AHR\/IL-22 Pathway of Intestinal Lamina Propria Monocytes","volume":"14","author":"C Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012714.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.05.024","article-title":"The Environmental Sensor AHR Protects from Inflammatory Damage by Maintaining Intestinal Stem Cell Homeostasis and Barrier Integrity","volume":"50","author":"A Metidji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012714.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-021-00781-7","article-title":"Baicalein ameliorates ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal epithelial barrier via AhR\/IL-22 pathway in ILC3s","volume":"43","author":"YY Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta pharmacologica Sinica"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012714.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.03.002","article-title":"Induction and maintenance treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive review","volume":"18","author":"DY Jeong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmunity reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012714.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182021001670","article-title":"Use of helminth therapy for management of ulcerative colitis and Crohn\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"149","author":"VE Shields","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0012714.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5544-5","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of helminths in autoimmune diseases: helminth-derived immune-regulators and immune balance","volume":"116","author":"M Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology research"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012714.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01965-5","article-title":"Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharide modified nano-selenium effectively alleviated DSS-induced colitis through enhancing intestinal mucosal barrier function and antioxidant capacity","volume":"21","author":"R Ye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of nanobiotechnology"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0012714.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-018-0051-9","article-title":"Progress and potential in organoid research","volume":"19","author":"G Rossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature reviews Genetics"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012714.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X17000293","article-title":"Modulation of murine intestinal immunity by Moringa oleifera extract in experimental hymenolepiasis nana","volume":"92","author":"M Abdel-Latif","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of helminthology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012714.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01349-08","article-title":"Extracts of the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, suppress macrophage activation in vitro and alleviate chemically induced colitis in mice","volume":"78","author":"MJ Johnston","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0012714.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3471","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00681-16","article-title":"Treatment with Cestode Parasite Antigens Results in Recruitment of CCR2+ Myeloid Cells, the Adoptive Transfer of Which Ameliorates Colitis","volume":"84","author":"JL Reyes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012714.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101431","article-title":"The gut microbiome regulates the clinical efficacy of sulfasalazine therapy for IBD-associated spondyloarthritis","volume":"5","author":"SF Lima","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell reports Medicine"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.083","article-title":"Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides ameliorated ulcerative colitis via inhibiting inflammation and enhancing intestinal epithelial barrier function","volume":"180","author":"H Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"International journal of biological macromolecules"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665376","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.665376","article-title":"Atractylodin Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Alleviating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inhibiting Inflammatory Response Through the MAPK Pathway.","volume":"12","author":"L Qu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in pharmacology"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670159","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.670159","article-title":"Therapeutic Targeting of Nrf2 Signaling by Maggot Extracts Ameliorates Inflammation-Associated Intestinal Fibrosis in Chronic DSS-Induced Colitis.","volume":"12","author":"R Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in immunology"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0012714.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2100551","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202100551","article-title":"Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Recovery of Intestinal Damage by Accelerating Intestinal Stem Cell-Mediated Epithelial Regeneration.","volume":"66","author":"Y Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular nutrition & food research"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123199","article-title":"Dendrobium fimbriatum polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced intestinal mucosal injury by IL-22-regulated intestinal stem cell regeneration","volume":"230","author":"YJ Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"International journal of biological macromolecules"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116553","article-title":"Safflower polysaccharide ameliorates acute ulcerative colitis by regulating STAT3\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways and repairing intestinal barrier function.","volume":"174","author":"M Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012714.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izz328","article-title":"Increased Colonic Epithelial Permeability and Mucosal Eosinophilia in Ulcerative Colitis in Remission Compared With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Health.","volume":"26","author":"G Katinios","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflammatory bowel diseases"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119298","article-title":"Microenvironmental regulation of intestinal stem cells in the inflamed intestine","volume":"273","author":"Y Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life sciences"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-020-0296-z","article-title":"Targeting NF-\u03baB pathway for treating ulcerative colitis: comprehensive regulatory characteristics of Chinese medicines","volume":"15","author":"PD Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese medicine"},{"issue":"33\u201334","key":"pntd.0012714.ref030","first-page":"564","article-title":"Ulcerative Colitis-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Algorithms","volume":"117","author":"T Kucharzik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt international"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012714.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032283","article-title":"The Immune Response to Nematode Infection","volume":"24","author":"M Stear","year":"2023","journal-title":"International journal of molecular sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012714.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11041200","article-title":"Helminth Lessons in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD).","volume":"11","author":"T Atagozli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012714.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000941","article-title":"Heligmosomoides polygyrus infection can inhibit colitis through direct interaction with innate immunity","volume":"185","author":"L Hang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md: 1950)."},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012714.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20787","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of helminth soluble proteins in TNBS-induced colitis in mice","volume":"15","author":"NE Ruyssers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inflammatory bowel diseases"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02164","article-title":"Parasite-Derived Proteins for the Treatment of Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases.","volume":"8","author":"Z Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in microbiology"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563784","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.563784","article-title":"Excretory\/Secretory Products From Trichinella spiralis Adult Worms Attenuated DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Driving PD-1-Mediated M2 Macrophage Polarization.","volume":"11","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in immunology"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40709-017-0060-4","article-title":"Evolution and inheritance of animal mitochondrial DNA: rules and exceptions.","volume":"24","author":"ED Ladoukakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of biological research (Thessalonike, Greece)."},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012714.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2016.54.6.803","article-title":"Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial Genome of Toxascaris leonina from a South China Tiger","volume":"54","author":"K Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Korean journal of parasitology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012714.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.01.023","article-title":"What Does Disease Progression Look Like in Ulcerative Colitis, and How Might It Be Prevented","volume":"162","author":"N Krugliak Cleveland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0012714.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa045","article-title":"Resolution of Inflammation and Gut Repair in IBD: Translational Steps Towards Complete Mucosal Healing.","volume":"26","author":"GT Ho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflammatory bowel diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012714.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029314","article-title":"Cell Biology of Tight Junction Barrier Regulation and Mucosal Disease.","volume":"10","author":"A Buckley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0012714.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0126-x","article-title":"Mechanisms regulating intestinal barrier integrity and its pathological implications","volume":"50","author":"C Chelakkot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Experimental & molecular medicine"},{"issue":"23","key":"pntd.0012714.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20236020","article-title":"Structural Features of Tight-Junction Proteins","volume":"20","author":"U Heinemann","year":"2019","journal-title":"International journal of molecular sciences"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111014","article-title":"Biochanin a ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving colonic barrier function and protects against the development of spontaneous colitis in the Muc2 deficient mice","volume":"395","author":"H Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemico-biological interactions"},{"issue":"24","key":"pntd.0012714.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413642","article-title":"Mucins Dynamics in Physiological and Pathological Conditions","volume":"22","author":"H Melhem","year":"2021","journal-title":"International journal of molecular sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012714.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.09.009","article-title":"Identifying the stem cell of the intestinal crypt: strategies and pitfalls","volume":"11","author":"N Barker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell stem cell"},{"issue":"36","key":"pntd.0012714.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10581","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c03814","article-title":"Glucomannan from Aloe vera Gel Promotes Intestinal Stem Cell-Mediated Epithelial Regeneration via the Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin Pathway","volume":"69","author":"D Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012714.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2021.0601","article-title":"Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Protect Mice from DSS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Promoting Intestinal-stem-cell and Epithelial Regeneration.","volume":"12","author":"H Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging and disease"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0012714.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00430-8","article-title":"AHR in the intestinal microenvironment: safeguarding barrier function","volume":"18","author":"B Stockinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature reviews Gastroenterology & hepatology"},{"key":"pntd.0012714.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00380","article-title":"NPD-0414-2 and NPD-0414-24, Two Chemical Entities Designed as Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Ligands, Inhibit Gut Inflammatory Signals","volume":"10","author":"I Marafini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in pharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0012714.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1643-9","article-title":"A role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in attenuation of colitis","volume":"56","author":"K Furumatsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Digestive diseases and sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012714.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.082","article-title":"Modeling Development and Disease with Organoids","volume":"165","author":"H. Clevers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7244","key":"pntd.0012714.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07935","article-title":"Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche","volume":"459","author":"T Sato","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012714.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05857-3","article-title":"Inhibition of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis triggered by Trichinella spiralis intervention contributes to the alleviation of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","volume":"16","author":"ZR Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T18:44:17Z","timestamp":1735238657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012714","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]}}}