{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:26:02Z","timestamp":1790925962976,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012721","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000}}],"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of public health significance. In view of its elimination as a public health problem by 2030, adopting a One Health approach is necessary, considering its multidimensional nature. Animal reservoirs, in particular, pose a significant threat to schistosomiasis control in Africa and beyond. In this study, we conducted a spatio-temporal survey of <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> infections in small mammal communities and intermediate snail hosts in the vicinity of Lake Guiers in northern Senegal. Sampling campaigns were undertaken four times between April 2021 and August 2022 around eight villages. A total of 534 small mammals of four species, primarily Hubert\u2019s multimammate mice <jats:italic>Mastomys huberti<\/jats:italic>, were captured. Out of 498 individuals examined, only 18 rodents (17 <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>huberti<\/jats:italic> and 1 <jats:italic>Arvicanthis niloticus<\/jats:italic>) were infected with schistosomes. The infection rates in <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>huberti<\/jats:italic> varied over time (prevalence range: 2.4% to 9.3%, intensity range: 4 to 132), and space (prevalence range: 3.1% to 40%, intensity range: 2 to 110) and were higher in adult hosts captured during or just after the rainy season, a time when older individuals dominate in rodent populations. Using a multi-locus molecular approach (<jats:italic>cox1<\/jats:italic> and ITS) on <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> larvae (cercariae and miracidia) and adult worms, we identified <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> as the most widespread species. We also detected <jats:italic>Schistosoma bovis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> in <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>huberti<\/jats:italic> from one locality (Temeye). Although no <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> hybrids were found, the discovery of a male <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mansoni<\/jats:italic> and a female <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>bovis<\/jats:italic> pair raises concerns about potential hybridization patterns that could occur in rodents. Finally, three snail species were found infected (25 <jats:italic>Biomphalaria pfeifferi<\/jats:italic>, 3 <jats:italic>Bulinus truncatus<\/jats:italic> and 1 <jats:italic>Bulinus senegalensis<\/jats:italic>) including with <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mansoni<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>bovis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>haematobium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>haematobium x S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>bovis<\/jats:italic> hybrids. Our findings highlight the spatial-temporal variations of <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> infections in rodents and emphasize the need for fine-scale monitoring over time and space for effective One Health measures and ensuring the sustainability of schistosomiasis control efforts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T18:43:57Z","timestamp":1734979437000},"page":"e0012721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["African schistosomes in small mammal communities: Perspectives from a spatio-temporal survey in the vicinity of Lake Guiers, Senegal"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7471-1724","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julien","family":"Kincaid-Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris S\u00e8gnito A. E.","family":"Savassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Senghor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Diagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youssoupha","family":"Niang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamadou","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Tatard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carine","family":"Brouat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Granjon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0012721.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.09.023","article-title":"A new global strategy for the elimination of schistosomiasis","author":"AGP Ross","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pntd.0012721.ref002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Schistosomiasis","volume":"4","author":"DP McManus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"pntd.0012721.ref003","volume-title":"Guidelines on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis.","author":"WHO","year":"2022"},{"key":"pntd.0012721.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14321\/waterpathogens.45","volume-title":"Schistosoma spp","author":"J Boissier","year":"2019"},{"key":"pntd.0012721.ref005","article-title":"The genus Schistosoma: a taxonomic appraisal.","author":"D Rollinson","year":"1987","journal-title":"V.R. 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