{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:16:21Z","timestamp":1770423381836,"version":"3.49.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012802","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000}}],"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["Contract number 81296148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Contract number 81296148"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020056","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr integrative Biodiversit\u00e4tsforschung Halle-Jena-Leipzig","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Contract number FKZ: PF673\/6-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Contract number FKZ: PF673\/6-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership (EDCTP2) programme and supported by the European Union","award":["TMA2018SF-2451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TMA2018SF-2451"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec020\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis has made significant gains through mass drug administration (MDA) of Ivermectin\/Albendazole. Periodic evaluation of the MDA programme in lymphatic filariasis elimination is particularly useful in determining end points for stopping the programme. This is a follow-up study that sought to examine the effects of additional time and MDA intake on antigenemia seroreversion in persons who had previously tested positive for LF using the Filarial Test Strip (FTS) and the TropBio ELISA over a period of 1\u20135 years.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec021\">\n<jats:title>Methodology\/principal findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 542 individuals, from the Kassena Nankana East Municipal (N = 340) and Nabdam districts (N = 202) in the Upper East Region of Ghana, who had previously tested either positive (N = 446) or negative (N = 96) for FTS-CFA, participated in the study. Two follow-up visits were conducted; 1\u20134 years (follow-up-1) and 2\u20135 years (follow-up-2) after the baseline visit. Of the 446 FTS-CFA positives, 175 (39.2%) did not receive additional MDA (ivermectin\/Albendazole) after the baseline visit. Overall, from the two follow-up visits, 159\/175 (90.9%) FTS-CFA+ participants who did not receive any additional Ivermectin\/Albendazole and 226 out of the 271 (83.4%) with additional MDA treatment became CFA negative. A total of 120 randomly selected baseline FTS-CFA+ samples were tested with Og4C3 TropBio ELISA and only 44\/120 (36.7%) were found positive. Of these 44 participants, 12 (27.3%) completely became CFA negative and an additional 18 (40.9%) had reduced antigen levels during the follow-up. Likewise, all three previously\/baseline microfilariae positive persons had become amicrofilaremic.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec022\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions\/significance<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the present work, it has been shown that &gt;90% of the previous CFA positive individuals seroreverted in 1 to 5 years post-baseline without additional MDA. The FTS is a more sensitive diagnostic tool that plausibly detects residual CFA in blood. The impact and influence of time as compared to additional ivermectin\/Albendazole intake, on CFA seroreversion in this study was significant (p &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T18:40:18Z","timestamp":1738694418000},"page":"e0012802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Changes in circulating filarial antigen status in previously positive individuals: Lessons for treatment monitoring and pre-transmission assessment surveys"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Derrick Adu","family":"Mensah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera 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