{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:06:27Z","timestamp":1774944387867,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This document provides a summary of guidance developed for national programmes on conducting serosurveys to assess yaws transmission status, with the objective of confirming yaws seroprevalence below 1% at each of three serosurveys over a period of 3\u201310 years after reporting the last case of active yaws in a region. It proposes active testing of children aged 1\u20135 years through population-based surveys and includes recommendations on survey design, sample size determination, sampling\u00a0of primary sampling units (PSUs) within an evaluation unit, sampling of households within PSUs, integration with existing public health surveys, and follow-up protocols for positive results. Geospatial analysis and sustained surveillance are recommended for accurate assessment of whether transmission interruption has been achieved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:25:58Z","timestamp":1745429158000},"page":"e0012899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Guidance for conducting and evaluating serological surveys\u00a0to assess interruption of yaws transmission in the context of an eradication target"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3266-8868","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oriol","family":"Mitj\u00e0","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Gass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petter J.","family":"Diggle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lance","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Agana-Nsiire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Belen Lardizabal","family":"Dofitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Dyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Hye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Vaz Nery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandrakant","family":"Revankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghislain","family":"Sopoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony W.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Argaw","family":"Dagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Yajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zaw","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahoutondji Yves Thierry","family":"Barogui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronaldo Carvalho","family":"Scholte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazim Hizbullah","family":"Sanikullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Drakeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Stresman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Gyapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kingsley Bampoe","family":"Asiedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62130-8","article-title":"Yaws","volume":"381","author":"O Mitj\u00e0","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref002","unstructured":"Agnandji ST, Wong S-S, Essone PN, Chan YL. Assessing seroprevalence and associated risk factors for multiple infectious diseases in Sabah, Malaysia using serological multiplex bead assays."},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012899.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.51866\/cr1275","article-title":"Yaws: the forgotten tropical skin disease","volume":"16","author":"N Md Alwi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malays Fam Physician"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref004","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref005","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref006","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref007","author":"World Health Organization"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0012899.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408586","article-title":"Mass treatment with single-dose azithromycin for yaws","volume":"372","author":"O Mitj\u00e0","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012899.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006303","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006303","article-title":"Community-based mass treatment with azithromycin for the elimination of yaws in Ghana\u2014results of a pilot study","volume":"12","author":"AA Abdulai","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109449","article-title":"Trial of three rounds of mass azithromycin administration for yaws eradication","volume":"386","author":"L John","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10130","key":"pntd.0012899.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30204-6","article-title":"Re-emergence of yaws after single mass azithromycin treatment followed by targeted treatment: a longitudinal study","volume":"391","author":"O Mitj\u00e0","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012899.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e263","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(20)30113-0","article-title":"Yaws re-emergence and bacterial drug resistance selection after mass administration of azithromycin: a genomic epidemiology investigation","volume":"1","author":"MA Beale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref013","volume-title":"Eradication of yaws: surveillance, monitoring and evaluation. A manual for yaws eradication programme managers","year":"2021"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref014","volume-title":"Eradication of yaws: procedures for verification and certification of interruption of transmission","year":"2018"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref015","volume-title":"Eradication of yaws: a guide for programme managers","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012899.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw348","article-title":"Metaanalysis of the performance of a combined treponemal and nontreponemal rapid diagnostic test for syphilis and yaws","volume":"63","author":"M Marks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012899.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e415-21","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70231-1","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of a rapid point-of-care test for active yaws: a comparative study","volume":"2","author":"T Ayove","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012899.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02572-15","article-title":"Evaluation of multiplex-based antibody testing for use in large-scale surveillance for yaws: a comparative study","volume":"54","author":"GM Cooley","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref019","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023","journal-title":"Yaws. Fact-sheets"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref020","volume-title":"Design parameters for population-based trachoma prevalence surveys (WHO\/HTM\/NTD\/PCT\/2018.07)","author":"World Health Organization Strategic and Technical Advisory Group on Neglected Tropical Diseases","year":"2018"},{"key":"pntd.0012899.ref021","volume-title":"Transmission assessment surveys in the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis","year":"2012"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0012899.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00136-X","article-title":"Challenges and key research questions for yaws eradication","volume":"15","author":"M Marks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012899.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005267","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005267","article-title":"Integrated mapping of yaws and trachoma in the five northern-most Provinces of Vanuatu","volume":"11","author":"F Taleo","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0012899.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trab020","article-title":"Rethinking neglected tropical disease prevalence survey design and analysis: a geospatial paradigm","volume":"115","author":"PJ Diggle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0012899.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2611.191491","article-title":"Modeling treatment strategies to inform yaws eradication","volume":"26","author":"A Holmes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012899.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0316","article-title":"Macrolide resistance in the Syphilis Spirochete, Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum: can we also expect macrolide-resistant yaws strains?","volume":"93","author":"D \u0160majs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012899","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T17:26:07Z","timestamp":1745429167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012899"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Georgios","family":"Pappas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012899","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]}}}