{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T20:04:39Z","timestamp":1785528279360,"version":"3.56.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012943","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744156800000}}],"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019579","name":"SingHealth","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AM\/TP061\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AM\/TP061\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019579","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec016\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic> complex pulmonary disease (MABC-PD) is a chronic and often relapsing disease with considerable morbidity, especially among individuals with other chronic pulmonary conditions. A major clinical challenge lies in distinguishing infection-related symptoms from underlying lung disease and identifying reliable prognosticators to guide treatment decisions and monitoring therapeutic response.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec017\">\n<jats:title>Methodology\/Principal Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To address the gaps in clinically relevant indicators, we profiled whole blood transcriptome and 45 plasma proteins of MABC-PD patients across different disease and treatment phases. Whole blood bulk RNA-sequencing revealed that MABC-PD patients with progressive disease exhibited elevated expression of genes related to innate immune and inflammatory responses, with reduced abundance of genes associated with peripheral T and NK cells. Among the 45 plasma cytokines and chemokines profiled, plasma levels of TNFSF10 were significantly reduced, while IFN\u03b3, interleukin-17F (IL17F) and IL17C were elevated in patients with disease progression, despite the reduced abundance of peripheral T and NK cell-associated genes, suggesting recruitment of activated T cells to infection sites in the lungs during disease progression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of IFN\u03b3 and IL17F demonstrated strong predictive performance for differentiating patients with disease progression from healthy controls, with AUCs of 0.946 (95% CI 0.829-1.000) and 0.875 (95% CI 0.6699-1), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec018\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These findings provide insights into the immune profiles of MABC-PD patients during disease progression and suggest that T cell-associated cytokines, such as IFN\u03b3 and IL17F, could serve as useful biomarkers for identifying those under watchful waiting or post-treatment who are at risk of disease progression, thereby aiding in more timely and targeted therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T20:37:27Z","timestamp":1743453447000},"page":"e0012943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Transcriptional and cytokine signatures of Mycobacterium abscessus complex pulmonary disease during disease progression and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ayesa","family":"Syenina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi Hern","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny Jian Hang","family":"Tng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandy Xue Qi","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie Shyn Yun","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia Xin","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenia Ziying","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eng Eong","family":"Ooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny Guek Hong","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0917-1474","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dorothy Hui Lin","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012943.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3489-8","article-title":"The cost of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease in Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom: a nationally representative observational study","volume":"18","author":"SM Goring","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0012943.ref002","first-page":"964","article-title":"Health Care Utilization and Expenditures Following Diagnosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease in the United States","volume":"24","author":"TK Marras","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012943.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz221","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz221","article-title":"Top questions in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary m. abscessus disease","volume":"6","author":"RR Nathavitharana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0012943.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.05.028","article-title":"Treatment for Mycobacterium abscessus complex-lung disease","volume":"119 Suppl 1","author":"Y-W Weng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012943.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.17","article-title":"Mycobacterium abscessus - to treat or not to treat","volume":"1","author":"Y-K Pang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respirol Case Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0012943.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201508-524ED","article-title":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease. 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