{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:57:27Z","timestamp":1782899847107,"version":"3.54.5"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012954","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744070400000}}],"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PAN-ASEAN Coalition for Epidemic and Outbreak Preparedness (PACE-UP- Project ID: 57592343)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PAN-ASEAN Coalition for Epidemic and Outbreak Preparedness (PACE-UP- Project ID: 57592343)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec019\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The pathogenesis of dengue is attributed to a complex interaction between the dengue virus (DENV) and the host immune system. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical, virological, and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) profiles of dengue patients in Vietnam from two consecutive outbreaks in 2021 and 2022.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec020\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of n=306 dengue patients were examined, who were clinically stratified according to dengue without warning signs (DF; n=178), dengue with warning signs (DWS; n=115) and severe dengue (SD; n=13). Patients were screened for dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. DENV were subjected to serotype specific real-time RT-PCR. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were measured by ELISA, and <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic> promoter variants (-1082G\/A; -819C\/T; -592C\/A) were genotyped by direct Sanger sequencing to determine a possible association with susceptibility to dengue and disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec021\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>No chikungunya or Zika viruses were detected. Patients were infected by one of the three different DENV serotypes (DENV-1, -2, -4). Plasma IL-10 levels were significantly elevated in patients (DF vs. DWS, p=0.004; DF vs. SD, p=0.001; DWS vs. SD, p=0.015). While the <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic> allele -819C contributed to an increased risk of dengue (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.0, p=0.04), genotype -1082GA showed a protective role against the disease (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.27-0.72, p=0.009), and allele -1082G showed a protective role against DWS (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.22-0.81, p=0.049). Also, the <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic> GTA (-1082G\/-819T\/-592A) haplotype was observed to confer protection (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.14-0.67, p&lt; 0.003).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec022\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>While DENV-1 and DENV-2 were the predominant serotypes in circulation, plasma IL-10 levels and <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic> promoter variants were also significantly associated with dengue and its severity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T20:37:26Z","timestamp":1743194246000},"page":"e0012954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characterization of dengue patients in Vietnam: Clinical, virological, and IL-10 profiles during 2021\u2013 2022 outbreaks"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Do 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