{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:10:06Z","timestamp":1782792606991,"version":"3.54.5"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000}}],"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"World Scabies Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec015\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of scabies and impetigo is high in several Pacific Island countries and has led to the implementation of mass drug administration control strategies. Anecdotal clinical reports have suggested similarly high burdens of scabies and bacterial skin infection in French Polynesia, but formal prevalence data have been lacking. We aimed to determine the prevalence of scabies and bacterial skin infection in French Polynesia\u2019s two most populated islands: Tahiti and Mo\u2019orea.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec016\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey. Our study was pragmatically restricted to the main islands of Tahiti and Mo\u2019orea, where we selected households using two-stage randomisation from 20 first-stage neighbourhoods. All individuals present in the home were invited to participate. Four nurses and one doctor conducted skin examinations using validated simplified diagnostic criteria to diagnose scabies, informed by the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies 2020 diagnostic criteria.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec017\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among 1770 participants, scabies prevalence was 11.9% and was highest among children aged &lt;5 years (31.8%, RR 5.7, 95% CI 3.8 \u2013 8.6, compared to \u226555 years). The overall bacterial skin infection prevalence was 5.5%. Participants with scabies had a 10-fold higher risk of bacterial skin infection compared to those without (26.8% vs 2.7%, RR 10.2, 95% CI 7.5\u201313.8). Written consent was obtained for all 1770 participants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec018\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of scabies in this study exceeds 10%, the threshold above which evidence-based public health strategies including mass drug administration (treatment of the entire community, regardless of whether they show evidence of the disease) may be considered.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T17:56:26Z","timestamp":1749491786000},"page":"e0013119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of scabies and bacterial skin infection in French Polynesia: A cross-sectional community survey"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1188-1624","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Georgia R.","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna J.","family":"Lake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Parnaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tereva","family":"Reneteaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihiau","family":"Mapotoeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain P.","family":"Marmorat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raihei H.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Segalin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri-Pierre","family":"Mallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Steer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2527-5420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andre L.","family":"Wattiaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref001","first-page":"196","volume-title":"Ending the neglect to attain the sustainable development goals: a road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021\u20132030","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref002","first-page":"1767","volume-title":"Scabies. Lancet (London, England) [Internet]","author":"J Heukelbach","year":"2006"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref003","volume-title":"Scabies [Internet]"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013119.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00132-2","article-title":"Prevalence of scabies and impetigo worldwide: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"L Romani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013119.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003452","article-title":"Scabies and impetigo prevalence and risk factors in Fiji: a national survey","volume":"9","author":"L Romani","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013119.ref006","article-title":"Defining the need for public health control of scabies in Solomon Islands","volume":"15","author":"SJ Lake","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0013119.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac042","article-title":"Mass drug administration for the control of scabies: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"75","author":"SJ Lake","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0013119.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009661","article-title":"A framework for scabies control","volume":"15","author":"D Engelman","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref009","unstructured":"WHO. Global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: progress report, 2018. Vol. 94. 2019. p. 457\u201370."},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihaa087","article-title":"Progress in the elimination of lymphatic filariasis in the Western Pacific Region: successes and challenges","volume":"13","author":"A Yajima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0013119.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010367","article-title":"Reconstructing long-term dengue virus immunity in French Polynesia","volume":"16","author":"T Nemoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2018.10.010","article-title":"Leprosy in French Polynesia","volume":"29","author":"D Musso","year":"2019","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref013","author":"ISPF","year":"2022"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref014","volume-title":"Monitoring and Evaluation Plan for Mass Drug Administration Programs for Scabies Control","author":"A Bartlett","year":"2021"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref015","first-page":"1","author":"ENA-SMART","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013119.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12039-2","article-title":"Estimation of scabies prevalence using simplified criteria and mapping procedures in three Pacific and southeast Asian countries","volume":"21","author":"SK Tsoi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013119.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18943","article-title":"The 2020 international alliance for the control of scabies consensus criteria for the diagnosis of scabies","volume":"183","author":"D Engelman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"pntd.0013119.ref018","author":"ISPF","year":"2017"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013119.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010556","article-title":"Diagnostics to support the control of scabies-Development of two target product profiles","volume":"16","author":"M Marks","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"10192","key":"pntd.0013119.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31136-5","article-title":"The public health control of scabies: priorities for research and action","volume":"394","author":"D Engelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013119.ref021","article-title":"The diagnosis of scabies by non-expert examiners: a study of diagnostic accuracy","volume":"13","author":"MH Osti","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T17:59:43Z","timestamp":1750183183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kosta Y.","family":"Mumcuoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013119","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]}}}