{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T15:28:51Z","timestamp":1779895731539,"version":"3.53.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013253","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000}}],"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ratchadapisek Matching Fund","award":["47\/64"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["47\/64"]}]},{"name":"Ratchadapisek Matching Fund","award":["48\/64"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["48\/64"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Sporothrix<\/jats:italic> spp. are dimorphic fungi capable of undergoing morphological changes in response to temperature variations. The genus <jats:italic>Sporothrix<\/jats:italic> includes the species <jats:italic>S. schenckii sensu stricto<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. globosa<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>S. luriei<\/jats:italic> that cause sporotrichosis, which can range from local skin infections to systemic infections in immunocompromised individuals. As these species are morphologically similar, molecular techniques that utilize barcoding genes are required for accurate identification. While the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region is the universal fungal barcode, the calmodulin gene offers higher resolution for phylogenetic classification of <jats:italic>Sporothrix<\/jats:italic> using Sanger sequencing. This study evaluated the ability of long-read nanopore sequencing of calmodulin and ITS to identify species level and allow phylogenetic analysis of <jats:italic>Sporothrix<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from humans and felines in Thailand. We found that the calmodulin sequencing with Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) consistently classified all isolates as <jats:italic>S. schenckii sensu stricto<\/jats:italic>, whereas the ITS region showed a lower discriminatory power, complicating species identification in some isolates. The phylogenetic analysis of the calmodulin region indicated that all isolates localized in a specific <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>schenckii sensu stricto<\/jats:italic> subclade together with other isolates from Southeast Asia, while the three residual <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>schenckii<\/jats:italic> subclades were associated with other geographical locations. Antifungal susceptibility testing on all <jats:italic>Sporothrix<\/jats:italic> strains demonstrated elevated <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to itraconazole for 8 out of 26 isolates. Altogether, this study demonstrated that ONT sequencing of calmodulin allows accurate species identification and phylogenetic analysis of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>schenckii sensu stricto<\/jats:italic> isolates from Thailand, of which some also demonstrated elevated MIC values for itraconazole.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T17:47:17Z","timestamp":1751305637000},"page":"e0013253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Targeted long-read sequencing analysis and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Sporothrix schenckii isolates from 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