{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:36:19Z","timestamp":1784248579106,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013355","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000}}],"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Zoonotic diseases account for more than 61% of human diseases. Raw milk is a major source of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) infection. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information on the community\u2019s perception of the risks associated with raw milk consumption for BTB transmission in Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the awareness of cattle farmers in Hosanna, southern Ethiopia, regarding the risk of bovine tuberculosis transmission through the consumption of raw milk.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study among a randomly selected sample of households (n\u2009=\u2009462) in Hosanna Town. We used pre-tested and structured questionnaires to collect data. The perception of the risk of bovine tuberculosis transmission due to raw milk consumption was assessed using the mean score of each outcome. Scoring above the mean on the four constructs of the Health Belief Model (HBM) is equivalent to having a high level of awareness of the risk of BTB transmission from raw milk consumption. 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the corresponding estimates were set to indicate significance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The analysis results showed that 65.0% of the cattle farmers in the study area had a low awareness of the risk of BTB transmission from drinking raw milk. The perception of the risk of BTB transmission due to raw milk consumption was significantly lower in males (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.6 CI 1.51, 4.68) and widowed (AOR: 3.7, CI 1.43, 9.92) participants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In conclusion, the perception of the risk of raw milk consumption for BTB transmission is low in this study. Thus, it is worthwhile to include measures to enhance the perception of cattle owners toward the risk of raw milk consumption as a fundamental practice to control BTB transmission.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T17:44:25Z","timestamp":1755020665000},"page":"e0013355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perception of cattle owners towards risk of raw milk consumption for bovine tuberculosis transmission in Hosanna, Central Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4518-6067","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Likawunt Samuel","family":"Asfaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0013355.ref001","volume-title":"The control of neglected zoonotic diseases","author":"WHO","year":"2005"},{"key":"pntd.0013355.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schiller I, Oesch B, Vordermeier HM, Palmer MV, Harris BN, Orlosk KA. Bovine tuberculosis: a review of current and emerging diagnostic techniques in view of their relevance for disease control and eradication. 2010. p. 205\u201320.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01148.x"},{"key":"pntd.0013355.ref003","first-page":"217","article-title":"Zoonoses","volume":"11","author":"KT Jaffry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Agric Biol"},{"key":"pntd.0013355.ref004","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Joint FAO\/WHO expert committee on Zoonoses","author":"FAO and WHO","year":"1967"},{"key":"pntd.0013355.ref005","unstructured":"OIE Terrestrial Animal, code. Bovine Tuberculosis general disease information fact sheet. [cited 2016 Apr 20]. Available from: www.oie.int\/en\/our-scientfic-expertise\/reference-laboratories\/list-of-laboratories\/"},{"key":"pntd.0013355.ref006","volume-title":"Mycobacterium bovis (bovine tuberculosis) in human. 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