{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T02:41:16Z","timestamp":1755830476690,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFE0107300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFE0107300"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSFC32302960, 82302563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC32302960, 82302563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007847","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 20220508052RC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 20220508052RC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions of Inner Mongolia","award":["NJZY20111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NJZY20111"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Astacins, a family of zinc metalloproteinases, are involved in invasion and tissue migration processes in a variety of parasites. An astacin-like proteinases have been detected in the excretory-secretory products (ESPs) of <jats:italic><jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic><jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic>), zinc metalloproteinase Nas-14 (TsNas14), but its function in <jats:italic><jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> remains unclear. The primary objective of this research was to delineate the molecular characterization of TsNas14 and explore its potential to compromise the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Results showed that TsNas14 contains an Astacin domain and two ShK domains. It is highly conserved and has a consistent transcriptional expression pattern in the <jats:italic><jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> genus. Quantitative results showed that the TsNas14 is transcribed and expressed during the whole life cycle, but that the expression level was highest in the adult worm (AW) stage. In the 3d AW stage, TsNas14 is mainly distributed on the stichosome, ovary, cuticle, and hypodermis, while in the 6d AW stage, it is only present on the cuticle. Gelatin zymography showed that the oligomerized rTsNas14 had the enzyme activity to degrade gelatin, and could be effectively inhibited by 1,10-Phenanthroline, indicating that it had the natural activity of metalloproteinases. In vitro experiments showed that rTsNas14 can down-regulate the expression of occludin and claudin-1 proteins of human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells and improve the permeability of an intestinal barrier model. In addition, the direct incubation of rTsNas14 with claduin-1 showed that rTsNas14 could significantly degrade claudin-1. In vivo studies have demonstrated that inhibition of TsNas14 expression significantly impairs the infectivity of <jats:italic><jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> in mice, resulting in a decreased AW and muscle larvae burden. These findings suggest that TsNas14 plays a crucial role in <jats:italic><jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> intestinal invasion and may serve as a novel potential target for <jats:italic><jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> vaccines or therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T17:31:53Z","timestamp":1755797513000},"page":"e0013437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular characterization of zinc metalloproteinase Nas-14 from Trichinella spiralis and its participation in intestinal invasion"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1158-7620","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qingbo","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangquan","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yushu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanhai","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9892-1657","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jing","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013437.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14554","article-title":"The genus Trichinella and its presence in wildlife worldwide: A review","volume":"69","author":"V Cris\u00f3stomo-Jorquera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0013437.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4922(02)02401-7","article-title":"Trichinellosis in China: epidemiology and control","volume":"18","author":"M Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"pntd.0013437.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01472","article-title":"Current research of trichinellosis in China","volume":"8","author":"X Bai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"pntd.0013437.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-821209-7.00003-2","article-title":"Biology of Trichinella.","volume-title":"Trichinella and Trichinellosis","author":"Y. 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