{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T10:25:21Z","timestamp":1767176721913,"version":"build-2238731810"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013484","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000}}],"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020A1515011183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515011183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020084","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024B01J1191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024B01J1191"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020084","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) and mycetoma, as implantation mycoses, have been listed as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) by the World Health Organization. The concurrent occurrence of these two NTDs in a single patient is extremely rare. A 69-year-old female patient presented with papules on the dorsum of her left hand for over 5 months and nodules on the left lower limb accompanied by ulceration and pain for 20 days. Histopathological examination of the papule on the dorsum of the left hand revealed muriform cells and fungal culture of the tissue identified\n                    <jats:italic>Fonsecaea monophora<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Microscopic examination of the purulent secretion from the ulcer on the left lower calf revealed the presence of grains, and the tissue culture result was\n                    <jats:italic>Scedosporium apiosperma<\/jats:italic>\n                    complex, with metagenomic next-generation sequencing further identifying\n                    <jats:italic>S. dehoogii<\/jats:italic>\n                    as the predominant pathogen. The clinical diagnosis was CBM caused by\n                    <jats:italic>F. monophora<\/jats:italic>\n                    combined with eumycetoma due to\n                    <jats:italic>S. dehoogii.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The patient was treated with voriconazole at a dosage of 200\u2009mg twice daily for 4 weeks, after which the papules on the dorsum of the left hand and the ulcer on the left lower calf showed gradual improvement. This case represents the first reported instance of concurrent CBM caused by\n                    <jats:italic>F. monophora<\/jats:italic>\n                    and eumycetoma due to\n                    <jats:italic>S. dehoogii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , providing a novel perspective on the clinical manifestations and early identification of neglected implantation mycoses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T17:57:47Z","timestamp":1756835867000},"page":"e0013484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concurrent chromoblastomycosis and eumycetoma: a unique case of dual neglected tropical fungal diseases in Asia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8840-6475","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wentao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuxia","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoxing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shitong","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meirong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songchao","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaoping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-2034","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peiying","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0013484.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011443","article-title":"Diagnostic capacities and treatment practices on implantation mycoses: results from the 2022 WHO global online survey","volume":"17","author":"B Milani","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013484.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00032-16","article-title":"Chromoblastomycosis","volume":"30","author":"F Queiroz-Telles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0013484.ref003","article-title":"Global burden of human mycetoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"WWJ van de Sande","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013484.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)90412-3","article-title":"Concurrent chromoblastomycosis caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi and actinomycetoma caused by Nocardia brasiliensis","volume":"32","author":"PD Wortman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013484.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.90192","article-title":"Concurrent mycetoma and chromomycosis","volume":"29","author":"R Murthy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013484.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2020.09.002","article-title":"Two simultaneous eumycetomas in different sites of same patient with discharge of black and white grains - 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