{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T15:36:47Z","timestamp":1783525007860,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["GNT1184406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1184406"]}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["2008697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008697"]}]},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program Domestic Scholarship"},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program Domestic Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Opisthorchis viverrini<\/jats:italic>\n                      (OV) is a major public health concern in the Lower Mekong Basin. This study aimed to synthesize all field-based empirical research examining risk factors and control strategies for OV in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a systematic review of published literature (1990\u20132024) on field-based OV studies that examined risk factors and control strategies in LMB. The literature search included two databases: PubMed and Scopus. We included field-based studies that analysed or reported on OV risk factors or control strategies using quantitative or mixed methods and were written in English. We excluded secondary research articles, laboratory-based research, qualitative only research and studies conducted outside LMB. All prospective studies underwent quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool II prior to final inclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 807 citations from PubMed and Scopus. From those, 56 studies were included in the review and three additional studies were identified from citation searches of included studies in the review. Studies were extracted and analysed by research focus. Among the included studies, 45 were conducted in Thailand, 11 in Laos, two in Vietnam, and one in Cambodia. Factors associated with OV infection were explored in 51 studies, and 11 studies reported on control strategies. General education was found to be an important protective factor for OV infection. Consumption of raw or undercooked fish was the most reported risk factor. Anthelmintic treatment was the primary control strategy across studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review summarises risk factors and control strategies reported in LMB since 1990. We found that sociodemographic, environmental, and economic factors were important predictors of OV infection. Given the multitude of risk factors for infection identified in this study and the complex lifecycle of OV, we recommend a One Health approach, that recognises the interconnectedness of human, animal and environmental health, for future health promotion and control strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42022357080.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T18:35:17Z","timestamp":1765478117000},"page":"e0013790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Risk factors and control of Opisthorchis viverrini in the Lower Mekong Basin: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7657-839X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Suji Y.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Lorraine","family":"Mationg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Callum","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail M.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archie C.A.","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banchob","family":"Sripa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somphou","family":"Sayasone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virak","family":"Khieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinley","family":"Wangdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirikachorn","family":"Tangkawattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apiporn T.","family":"Suwannatrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanthanom","family":"Savathdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Visal","family":"Khieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean N.","family":"Gannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Odermatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangduan","family":"Wannachart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald P.","family":"McManus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren J.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.106133","article-title":"Current status of human liver fluke infections in the Greater Mekong Subregion","volume":"224","author":"B Sripa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0013790.ref002","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini - current understanding of the neglected hepatobiliary parasite","volume":"12","author":"MYQ Liau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70294-8","article-title":"Global burden of human food-borne trematodiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"T F\u00fcrst","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-37","article-title":"Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil transmitted helminth infections in 2010","volume":"7","author":"RL Pullan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref005","article-title":"Model-based spatial-temporal mapping of opisthorchiasis in endemic countries of Southeast Asia","volume":"10","author":"TT Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9654","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-36544-z","article-title":"High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion","volume":"13","author":"B-K Jung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.106082","article-title":"Current status of helminthiases in Thailand: a cross-sectional, nationwide survey, 2019","volume":"223","author":"O Wattanawong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050312119840201","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312119840201","article-title":"Predictive risk factors towards liver fluke infection among the people in Kamalasai District, Kalasin Province, Thailand","volume":"7","author":"W Wichaiyo","year":"2019","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2016.17.3.1589","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Khammouane province, Lao PDR","volume":"17","author":"K Saiyachak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-018-0112-y","article-title":"Mothers\u2019 Opisthorchis viverrini infection status and raw fish dish consumption in Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic: determinants of child infection status","volume":"46","author":"H Araki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop Med Health"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.01.029","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini infections and associated risk factors in a lowland area of Binh Dinh Province, Central Vietnam","volume":"157","author":"TTH Dao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref012","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004293","article-title":"A comprehensive public health conceptual framework and strategy to effectively combat cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand","volume":"10","author":"N Khuntikeo","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref014","volume-title":"Foodborne trematode infections","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0013790.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182022000646","article-title":"Does Opisthorchis viverrini circulate between humans and domestic cats in an endemic area in Thailand?","volume":"149","author":"P Sota","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.106216","article-title":"Infection rate of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae in cyprinoid fish from the markets and its association to human opisthorchiasis in the local community in the Northeast Thailand","volume":"225","author":"L Charoensuk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref017","volume-title":"One Health: the theory and practice of integrated health approaches","author":"J Zinsstag","year":"2020"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref018","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"M Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref020","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Vol. version 6.3 (updated February 2022)","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2022"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref021","author":"GA Wells","year":"2000"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-154","article-title":"Are healthcare workers\u2019 intentions to vaccinate related to their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes? A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"R Herzog","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0013790.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010702","article-title":"Acceptability measures of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions in low- and middle-income countries, a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"R Hosking","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2011.08.004","article-title":"High prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in reservoir hosts in four districts of Khon Kaen Province, an opisthorchiasis endemic area of Thailand","volume":"61","author":"S Aunpromma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0013790.ref025","first-page":"1153","article-title":"Prevlence and risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection among cats and dogs in six districts surrounding the Ubolratana Dam, an endemic area for human opisthorchiasis in Northeastern Thailand","volume":"47","author":"S Aunpromma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-018-1434-5","article-title":"Animation as supplementary learning material about carcinogenic liver fluke in classes for primary schoolchildren","volume":"35","author":"P Bukkhunthod","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0013790.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4173","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.10.4173","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for infection by Opisthorchis viverrini in an urban area of Mahasarakham Province, Northeast Thailand","volume":"16","author":"K Chaiputcha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0013790.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-024-08275-1","article-title":"Integrated One-Health approach for prevention and control of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in rural Thailand: a 3-year study","volume":"123","author":"L Charoensuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref029","first-page":"81","article-title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of Opisthorchis viverrini infections in rural communities along the Nam Kam River of Northeastern Thailand","volume":"36","author":"S Chuangchaiya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.47665\/tb.37.4.986","article-title":"Current prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini infection and associated risk factors in Nakhon Phanom Province, Northeastern Thailand","volume":"37","author":"S Chuangchaiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0013790.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4593","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.11.4593","article-title":"Risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Nong Khai Province, Thailand","volume":"16","author":"N Chudthaisong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.02.028","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini infection in the snail and fish intermediate hosts in Central Vietnam","volume":"170","author":"HTT Dao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001481","article-title":"Spatial distribution of, and risk factors for, Opisthorchis viverrini infection in southern Lao PDR","volume":"6","author":"A Forrer","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000059333","article-title":"Distribution patterns of Opisthorchis viverrini within a human community","author":"MR Haswell-Elkins","year":"1991","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0013790.ref035","first-page":"2973","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in the border areas of three provinces, Northeast of Thailand","volume":"17","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0013790.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5245","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.10.5245","article-title":"Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeast Thailand","volume":"13","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0013790.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4285","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.9.4285","article-title":"Community-based cross-sectional study of carcinogenic human liver fluke in elderly from Surin province, Thailand","volume":"13","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013790.ref038","first-page":"2565","article-title":"Overweight relation to liver fluke infection among rural participants from 4 districts of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand","volume":"17","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2016.17.1.231","article-title":"Re-examination of Opisthorchis viverrini in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeastern Thailand, indicates continued needs for health intervention","volume":"17","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2016.17.3.1097","article-title":"Nurses and television as sources of information effecting behavioral improvement regarding liver flukes in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand","volume":"17","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref041","first-page":"453","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini infection among migrant workers in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, indicates continued need for active surveillance","volume":"35","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref042","first-page":"152","article-title":"The prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in rural subdistricts of northeastern Thailand","volume":"36","author":"SJ Kaewpitoon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.52939\/ijg.v17i2.1759","article-title":"National program of opisthorchiasis in Thailand; situation and policy strategy","volume":"17","author":"R Kitphati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Geoinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0290","article-title":"Influence of water irrigation schemes and seasonality on transmission dynamics of Opisthorchis viverrini in the snail intermediate host, Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos in rice paddy fields in Northeast Thailand","volume":"103","author":"K Kopolrat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/1757975918767622","article-title":"Analysis of a school-based health education model to prevent opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma in primary school children in northeast Thailand","volume":"27","author":"L Laithavewat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob Health Promot"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5871-1","article-title":"Current high prevalences of Strongyloides stercoralis and Opisthorchis viverrini infections in rural communities in northeast Thailand and associated risk factors","volume":"18","author":"P Laoraksawong","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0013790.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001726","article-title":"Efficacy of praziquantel against Schistosoma mekongi and Opisthorchis viverrini: a randomized, single-blinded dose-comparison trial","volume":"6","author":"L Lovis","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2013.12.003","article-title":"Field survey focused on Opisthorchis viverrini infection in five provinces of Cambodia","volume":"63","author":"K Miyamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref049","article-title":"Teaching strategies to enhance knowledge and understanding of Opisthorchis viverrini and cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand: lessons for Asian countries","author":"S Moonsan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ Off J Am Assoc Cancer Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1515\/abm-2018-0030","article-title":"Risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, where the infection is highly endemic","volume":"12","author":"S Nakbun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian Biomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref051","first-page":"187","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini infection in minute intestinal fluke endemic areas of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand","volume":"3","author":"C Nithikathkul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asian Biomed"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0013790.ref052","article-title":"Uncovering the pathogenic landscape of helminth (Opisthorchis viverrini) infections: a cross-sectional study on contributions of physical and social environment and healthcare interventions","volume":"10","author":"X Ong","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref053","article-title":"Health literacy associated with liver fluke prevention and control among secondary school students in Northeast Thailand","volume":"25","author":"N Padchasuwan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Suranaree J Sci Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0013790.ref054","first-page":"2673","article-title":"The effect of health behavior modification program for liver fluke prevention among the risk group in rural communities, Thailand","volume":"19","author":"B Panithanang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-328","article-title":"Helminth infection in southern Laos: high prevalence and low awareness","volume":"6","author":"K Phongluxa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref056","article-title":"Health literacy associated with raw cyprinoid fish consumption in Northeastern Thailand","volume":"21","author":"T Prachaiboon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medico-Leg Update"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013790.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2020.58.5.527","article-title":"Reduction of reinfection rates with Opisthorchis viverrini through a three-year management program in endemic areas of Northeastern Thailand","volume":"58","author":"S Prakobwong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1515\/helm-2017-0036","article-title":"Epidemiology of Opisthorchis viverrini in an endemic area of Thailand, an integrative approach","volume":"54","author":"S Prakobwong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Helminthologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1997.56.311","article-title":"Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Thailand: studies on the morbidity of the infection and resolution following praziquantel treatment","volume":"56","author":"S Pungpak","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref060","first-page":"246","article-title":"Treatment of Opisthorchis viverrini and intestinal fluke infections with Praziquantel","volume":"29","author":"S Pungpak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.81.152","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of Opisthorchis viverrini infections in a rural community in Thailand","volume":"81","author":"R Rangsin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.47665\/tb.37.3.730","article-title":"Prevalence and intensity of helminths among inhabitants of the Chi River and Lahanna water reservoir areas of Northeastern Thailand","volume":"37","author":"SK Rattanapitoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013790.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2013.14.5.2963","article-title":"Infection with Opisthorchis viverrini and use of praziquantel among a working-age population in northeast Thailand","volume":"14","author":"P Saengsawang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013790.ref064","first-page":"2679","article-title":"Re- infection rate of Opisthorchis viverrini five years after treatment with praziquantel in high-risk area: a community-based study","volume":"25","author":"P Saengsawang","year":"2024","journal-title":"APJCP"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X14000261","article-title":"Patterns of trematode infections of Opisthorchis viverrini (Opisthorchiidae) and Haplorchis taichui (Heterophyidae) in human populations from two villages in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR","volume":"89","author":"M Sato","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Helminthol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw785","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against light infections of Opisthorchis viverrini: a randomized parallel single-blind dose-ranging trial","volume":"64","author":"S Sayasone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.02.018","article-title":"Epidemiology of Opisthorchis viverrini in a rural district of Southern Lao PDR","volume":"101","author":"S Sayasone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001037","article-title":"Helminth and intestinal protozoa infections, multiparasitism and risk factors in Champasack province, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic","volume":"5","author":"S Sayasone","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.09.015","article-title":"Multiparasitism and intensity of helminth infections in relation to symptoms and nutritional status among children: a cross-sectional study in southern Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic","volume":"141","author":"S Sayasone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30624-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tribendimidine versus praziquantel against Opisthorchis viverrini in Laos: an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 2 trial","volume":"18","author":"S Sayasone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013790.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01234.x","article-title":"Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini infection and incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand","volume":"9","author":"S Sriamporn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0013790.ref072","first-page":"474","article-title":"Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini and its associated risk factors in the Phon Sawan District of Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand","volume":"16","author":"C Srithai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Iran J Parasitol"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-188","article-title":"A follow-up study of Opisthorchis viverrini infection after the implementation of control program in a rural community, central Thailand","volume":"6","author":"P Suwannahitatorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"16","key":"pntd.0013790.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6609","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.16.6609","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infections in upper Northeast Thailand","volume":"15","author":"K Thaewnongiew","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0013790.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2021.22.9.3045","article-title":"OVCCA web application as supplementary material to facilitate health literacy regarding carcinogenic human liver fluke: a randomized controlled trial in Thailand","volume":"22","author":"O Wattanawong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013790.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.8.3413","article-title":"Re-examination of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in northeast Thailand","volume":"16","author":"K-W Yeoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-017-0343-x","article-title":"Transmission of Opisthorchis viverrini, Schistosoma mekongi and soil-transmitted helminthes on the Mekong Islands, Southern Lao PDR","volume":"6","author":"Y Vonghachack","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013790.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211540","article-title":"Uncooked fish consumption among those at risk of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in central Thailand","volume":"14","author":"P Suwannahitatorn","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2021.102382","article-title":"Masculinity and misinformation: social dynamics of liver fluke infection risk in Thailand","volume":"84","author":"YC Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.12.018","article-title":"Comparison of stool examination techniques to detect Opisthorchis viverrini in low intensity infection","volume":"191","author":"L Charoensuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00117","article-title":"Current perspectives on opisthorchiasis control and cholangiocarcinoma detection in Southeast Asia","volume":"5","author":"N Khuntikeo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013790.ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.12.007","article-title":"Towards evidence-based control of Opisthorchis viverrini","volume":"37","author":"T Crellen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0013790.ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2024.25.5.1473","article-title":"Misclassification of Opisthorchis viverrini and minute intestinal fluke eggs by routine laboratory staff using images from the Kato-Katz Method","volume":"25","author":"A Wisetmoraa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013790.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3390\/w13081005","article-title":"Factors driving long term declines in inland fishery yields in the Mekong Delta","volume":"13","author":"AV Vu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2024.132043","article-title":"Fishery and agriculture amidst human activities and climate change in the Mekong River: a review of gaps in data and effective approaches towards sustainable development","volume":"644","author":"K Morovati","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2016.11.013","article-title":"The Lawa model: a sustainable, integrated opisthorchiasis control program using the EcoHealth approach in the Lawa Lake region of Thailand","volume":"66","author":"B Sripa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2025.101006","article-title":"Integrated opisthorchiasis control through the EcoHealth\/one health approach: 15 years of success and experiences with the Lawa model","volume":"20","author":"B Sripa","year":"2025","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref088","volume-title":"Health promoting schools","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref089","first-page":"100312","article-title":"\u201cThe Magic Glasses Philippines\u201d: a cluster randomised controlled trial of a health education package for the prevention of intestinal worm infections in schoolchildren","volume":"18","author":"MLS Mationg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"issue":"17","key":"pntd.0013790.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1204885","article-title":"Health-education package to prevent worm infections in Chinese schoolchildren","volume":"368","author":"FA Bieri","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pntd.0013790.ref091","author":"World Health Organization"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013790.ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed4020088","article-title":"The one health approach\u2014why is it so important?","volume":"4","author":"JS Mackenzie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013790.ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2016.06.014","article-title":"A one health approach to antimicrobial resistance surveillance: is there a business case for it?","volume":"48","author":"K Queenan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013790","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T18:35:28Z","timestamp":1765478128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013790"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Dileepa","family":"Ediriweera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013790","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]}}}