{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:50:15Z","timestamp":1792187415778,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013855","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000}}],"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic pathogen with high case-fatality rates, recurring outbreaks, and significant public health implications in Bangladesh, particularly in regions known as the \u201cNipah belt.\u201d This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the general population regarding NiV transmission, prevention, and control measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methodology\/principle findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 2024 to April 2025 among 545 respondents, selected through multi-stage sampling from 48 upazilas across 16 districts. A structured questionnaire, prepared in Bengali and English, covered four domains: sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews and reported through KoboToolbox and analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Findings revealed that only 29.2% of participants demonstrated good knowledge of NiV infection, while 94.1% showed positive attitudes toward prevention and control. However, correct preventive practices were reported by just 33.0% of respondents. Awareness of bat-to-human transmission was relatively high (66.2%), yet knowledge of the disease\u2019s high fatality rate (11.4%) and preventive measures (28.8%) was low. Over half of participants (53.2%) reported consuming raw date palm sap, a key transmission route. Higher education, employment, and proximity to sap collection areas were associated with better knowledge, while younger age, female gender, and higher income were linked to better practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion\/significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This first nationwide community-level KAP survey highlights critical gaps between awareness and behavior, underscoring the need for sustained, culturally tailored interventions, strengthened surveillance, and One Health approaches to reduce NiV spillover and transmission risks in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T18:39:31Z","timestamp":1765996771000},"page":"e0013855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Community knowledge and response to Nipah virus infection and its transmission, prevention and control measures: Insights from a cross-sectional survey in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Hemayet","family":"Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Abdur Nur","family":"Sakib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snigdha Sharmin Binte","family":"Sayeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafizor","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khadiza Akter","family":"Brishty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzit Kumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thofiqur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaw Swe Sing","family":"Marma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Khairul Amin","family":"Rafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saiful","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahim","family":"Shahriar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Shahidur Rahman","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2062-8471","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md. Mahfujur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013855.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-024-00666-5","article-title":"An emerging zoonotic disease to be concerned about - a review of the nipah virus","volume":"43","author":"S Paliwal","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013855.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00602-20","article-title":"Nipah@20: lessons learned from another virus with pandemic potential","volume":"5","author":"R G\u00f3mez Rom\u00e1n","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0013855.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00262-7","article-title":"Measures to prevent and treat Nipah virus disease: research priorities for 2024-29","volume":"24","author":"KA Moore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0013855.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-022-00639-1","article-title":"A review on advanced CRISPR-based genome-editing tools: base editing and prime editing","volume":"65","author":"A Saber Sichani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0013855.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2022-0166","article-title":"Nipah virus, an emerging zoonotic disease causing fatal encephalitis","volume":"22","author":"AM Alam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0013855.ref006","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of interventions to impede date palm sap contamination by bats to prevent nipah virus transmission in Bangladesh","volume":"7","author":"SU Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0013855.ref007","article-title":"Mapping the distribution of Nipah virus infections: a geospatial modelling analysis","volume":"8","author":"Y-Q Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013855.ref008","article-title":"A systematic review on Nipah virus: global molecular epidemiology and medical countermeasures development","volume":"10","author":"FH Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Virus Evol"},{"key":"pntd.0013855.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2024.100434","article-title":"Twenty-five years of Nipah outbreaks in Southeast Asia: A persistent threat to global health","volume":"13","author":"S Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"IJID Reg"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0013855.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed3020057","article-title":"Mapping disease transmission risk of Nipah virus in South and Southeast Asia","volume":"3","author":"MA Deka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0013855.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9734\/ajrid\/2022\/v11i230305","article-title":"Landscape of zoonoses clusters in Bangladesh from 2001 to 2016: Impact to National Health","author":"Z Ferdous","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J Res Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0013855.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011617","article-title":"Tackling a global epidemic threat: Nipah surveillance in Bangladesh, 2006-2021","volume":"17","author":"SM Satter","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0013855.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2010","article-title":"Emerging trends of Nipah virus: a review","volume":"29","author":"V Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"pntd.0013855.ref014","unstructured":"IEDCR. Nipah Outbreak. 2025. [cited 15 Aug 2025]. Available from: https:\/\/www.iedcr.org\/index.php%3Foption=com_content&view=article&id=106"},{"key":"pntd.0013855.ref015","unstructured":"WHO. Nipah virus infection - Bangladesh. 2024. [cited 15 Aug 2025]. 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