{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:13:21Z","timestamp":1787318001319,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      -borne diseases, such as dengue and chikungunya, are public health threats worldwide. Due to climate change and the expansion of\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes, several countries are reporting the local transmission of\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      -borne arboviruses. In 2024, Iran faced a significant rise in the number of imported dengue cases and the first local transmission of the disease in the southern provinces of Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchistan. This review summarizes the latest data on the distribution of invasive\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes and the epidemiological status of dengue fever and chikungunya in Iran and neighboring countries.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A comprehensive search was carried out on papers and reports concerning epidemiological records and studies on dengue fever, chikungunya,\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti)<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. Albopictus)<\/jats:italic>\n                      , as well as the recent situation in Iran and neighboring countries since 2000. Meanwhile, the epidemiological trend and milestones of these arboviruses and their vectors in Iran and their last updates in neighboring countries were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In addition to Iran, at least nine neighboring countries including Armenia, Turkey, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia have reported the establishment of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\/or\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes. Local dengue virus transmission was reported in Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia. However, the local circulation of chikungunya virus was only reported in Pakistan.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The establishment of\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      in southern Iran (Hormozgan, Sistan and Baluchistan, Bushehr) and\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n                      in northern\/northwestern provinces (Guilan, Mazandaran, Ardabil, East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, Qazvin) has created distinct arbovirus transmission risks. Local dengue outbreaks in 2024 were exclusively reported in\n                      <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2014infested areas (Chabahar, Bandar Lengeh), correlating with this vector's known efficiency in urban transmission. While chikungunya remains undocumented in local mosquito populations, serological evidence and recent report of the infected non-\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      species suggest potential cryptic circulation. With climate models predicting habitat expansion for both vectors, Iran's emerging\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                      -borne diseases\u2019 burden could escalate if no action is planned. This underscores the imperative for integrated surveillance targeting mosquito distributions, human case trends, and cross-border pathogen flow to mitigate outbreak risks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:27:37Z","timestamp":1770834457000},"page":"e0013965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, and the current situation of dengue fever and chikungunya in Iran and neighboring countries: a review 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Mahdi","family":"Sedaghat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdolreza","family":"Mirolyaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsan","family":"Mostafavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2943-2846","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Bagheri Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0013965.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.08.008","article-title":"Complexity of virus-vector interactions","volume":"21","author":"LD Kramer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin 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