{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T18:02:01Z","timestamp":1781028121727,"version":"3.54.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014169","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000}}],"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1SC1GM139714-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1SC1GM139714-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2122712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2122712"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"COURI"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp\n                    <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    are protozoan parasites that cause leishmaniasis and Chagas disease, respectively. In the United States, autochthonous transmission cycles of both\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    have been documented, particularly in the southern and southwestern regions. Previous studies in El Paso, Texas, have identified dogs, cats, and several sylvatic mammals as infected hosts for these pathogens; however, the role of bats has remained largely unexplored. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional, observational study of 29 wild bats, opportunistically collected from domestic and peridomestic urban environments in El Paso, Texas, as part of local rabies surveillance. DNA extracted from available heart, spleen, skin, and lung tissues was analyzed by quantitative PCR targeting\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    satellite DNA and\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    18S rDNA, followed by DNA sequencing for confirmation. PCR-based molecular detection identified\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in six bats (24.1%) and\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in thirteen bats (44.8%). DNA sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of parasite-specific DNA in four\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive samples and twelve\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive samples. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis showed that the digestion patterns of the\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    samples differed from those observed in the TcBat reference control. However, given the limited characterization and known genetic variability of the TcBat lineage, as well as the constraints of PCR-RFLP\u2013based typing, these findings do not conclusively exclude the possibility that the detected strains belong to the TcBat genotype. Co-detection of both parasites was detected in 3 out of 18\n                    <jats:italic>Tadarida brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    specimens. Mapping of capture sites showed infected bats occurring in both urban and suburban areas of El Paso County. This study provides evidence of the molecular detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania spp.<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in bats from El Paso, Texas. These findings highlight bats as sylvatic hosts for medically important trypanosomatids in the U.S.\u2013Mexico border region and emphasize the need for expanded surveillance to assess zoonotic risk and its environmental drivers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T17:52:21Z","timestamp":1775238741000},"page":"e0014169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identification of Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi in bats captured in El Paso County, Texas"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Silva-Espinoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila S. 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