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The proportion of pathogenic\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in bovine and canine urine and environmental contamination in water and soil samples was estimated using molecular assays. Additionally,\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      seropositivity in humans, cattle, and canines was determined using the microagglutination test (MAT). Evaluation of composition characteristics of landscape was done and potential flooding areas were estimated. The domestic animals and human populations were characterized through descriptive analysis using productive and reproductive data and sociodemographic information, respectively. Then, associations between seropositivity\/infection, antibody titers,\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      serogroups\/species in cattle, canines, and humans, and productive, farms and landscape variables we explored using a mixed-data factor analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The proportion of seropositivity in cattle wa 76.9% (380\/494). The most frequent serogroups on MAT were Mini, Tarassovi, Ballum, and Sejroe. In addition, molecular analysis indicated an infection rate of 4.0% (20\/494) of the species\n                      <jats:italic>L. borgpetersenii<\/jats:italic>\n                      in cattle\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Seropositivity in humans was 4.1% (3\/73), with serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae, Autumnalis, and Sejroe. Thirty-three percent (5\/15) of dogs were seropositive for serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Ballum, and Autumnalis. The presence of\n                      <jats:italic>L. tipperaryensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was detected in water and species\n                      <jats:italic>L. weilii<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>L. cinconiae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in soil. Evidence of high exposure to Leptospira was found in cattle. An association was also found between the serogroups circulating in humans and dogs (Autumnalis) and in humans and cattle (Sejroe), as well as forest fragmentation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The importance of addressing the epidemiology of\n                      <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection from a comprehensive One Health approach is highlighted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T17:38:15Z","timestamp":1778089095000},"page":"e0014231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Epidemiological study of leptospiral interaction in bovine farms in rural areas of Colombia: A One Health approach"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Pati\u00f1o-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa F.","family":"Naranjo-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Aguirre-Acevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9stor Jaime","family":"Aguirre-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsio A.","family":"Wunder Jr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samanta C.","family":"das Chagas-Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7356-7751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan C.","family":"Quintero-V\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0014231.ref001","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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