{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T18:04:03Z","timestamp":1780682643609,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a rare but highly lethal viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) caused by Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV). While MVD has historically been limited to specific areas of sub-Saharan Africa, recent outbreaks in previously unaffected countries indicate an expanding ecological and epidemiological risk. In November 2025, Ethiopia confirmed its first-ever MVD outbreak, constituting a significant national and regional public health emergency.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This narrative review synthesizes publicly available epidemiological data, government situation reports, and official communications from the Ethiopian Ministry of Health (MoH), Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), and the World Health Organization (WHO).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The outbreak was initially detected in Jinka town, South Ethiopia Region, an area bordering Kenya and South Sudan. As of 25 January 2026, more than 3,800 diagnostic tests were conducted, leading to a total of 19 cases comprising 14 confirmed (including nine deaths) and five probable (all deaths) and five recoveries from MVD in the country\u2019s South Ethiopia and Sidama regions, which were reported. A total of 857 contacts listed for monitoring all had completed their 21-day follow-up as of 25 January 2026. Ethiopia\u2019s response included rapid notification, laboratory confirmation, activation of incident management systems, deployment of mobile high-biosafety laboratories, establishment of isolation and treatment centers, and issuance of national clinical management guidelines. International partners provided technical, financial, and logistical support. However, the outbreak exposed ongoing challenges, including health system fragility, workforce shortages, misinformation, funding limitations, and heightened cross-border transmission risk.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The emergence of MVD in Ethiopia represents a pivotal moment for national and regional health security. Sustained containment will require strengthened surveillance, community engagement, cross-border collaboration, and integrated One Health approaches. Long-term investment in resilient health systems and coordinated regional preparedness is essential to prevent future spillover events and protect vulnerable populations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T17:33:05Z","timestamp":1780680785000},"page":"e0014394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emergence of Marburg virus disease in Ethiopia: Implications for public health preparedness and its impact on Ethiopia\u2019s health system"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7582-5977","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sibhatu","family":"Biadgilign","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mesfin","family":"Fransua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anteneh","family":"Eshetu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdu","family":"Bedru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref001","volume-title":"Marburg Virus Disease","author":"S Soni","year":"2025"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref002","volume-title":"Key facts: Marburg virus disease- Ethiopia","author":"WHO","year":"2026"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref003","unstructured":"WHO. Ethiopia confirms first outbreak of Marburg virus disease. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/countries\/ethiopia\/news\/ethiopia-confirms-first-outbreak-marburg-virus-disease#:~:text=14"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0014394.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s42522-025-00178-0","article-title":"Serologic evidence of orthomarburgviruses and an orthoebolavirus in frugivorous Malagasy bats","volume":"7","author":"MS Rekedal","year":"2025","journal-title":"One Health Outlook"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref005","unstructured":"Yoseph N. Marburg outbreak tests a health system grappling with financial constraints. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/wwwthereporterethiopiacom\/47825\/"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref006","volume-title":"Africa CDC statement on confirmed Marburg virus disease in Jinka, Southern Region, Ethiopia","author":"Africa CDC","year":"2025"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref007","volume-title":"Ethiopian National Guidelines for Case Management and facility readiness of Marburg Virus Disease","author":"FMoH and EPHI","year":"2025","edition":"1"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref008","volume-title":"Joint external evaluation of the International Health Regulations (2005) core capacities of Ethiopia: mission report, 18-22 September 2023","author":"WHO","year":"2025"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref009","unstructured":"Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. T. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/x.com\/DrTedros\/status\/1989353301964460529"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref010","volume-title":"Ethiopia reports suspected viral haemorrhagic fever outbreak","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2025"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0014394.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-025-13084-y","article-title":"Exploring health system challenges and gaps for crisis response in Ethiopia: a scoping review of publications and reports from 2020-2024","volume":"25","author":"A Atnafu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0014394.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(25)00232-3","article-title":"The potential impact of reductions in international donor funding on tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study","volume":"13","author":"RA Clark","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref013","unstructured":"Federal Ministry of Health & UNICEF. National health budget brief 2023\/4. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/ethiopia\/media\/10596\/file\/National%20Health%20Budget%20Brief%202024.pdf.pdf"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref014","volume-title":"Which countries are most exposed to US aid cuts; and what other providers can do","author":"IHS Mitchell","year":"2025"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref015","volume-title":"Scenario assessment: Marburg Virus Outbreak in Ethiopia","author":"CDC","year":"2026"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref016","volume-title":"Guideline for emergency use authorization of vaccines and therapeutics for Marburg virus disease","author":"Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority (EFDA)","year":"2025"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref017","volume-title":"Sabin Vaccine Institute\u2019s investigational Marburg Vaccine delivered to Ethiopia for outbreak response","author":"Sabin","year":"2025"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref018","unstructured":"BEACON. One new case of Marburg virus disease reported in Ethiopia, bringing the total to 14; Phase 2 clinical trial begins with Sabin\u2019s cAd3-Marburg Vaccine in affected areas. 2025."},{"issue":"10373","key":"pntd.0014394.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02400-X","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the chimpanzee adenovirus type 3-vectored Marburg virus (cAd3-Marburg) vaccine in healthy adults in the USA: a first-in-human, phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation trial","volume":"401","author":"MJ Hamer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0014394.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14040322","article-title":"Emerging strategies and progress in the medical management of Marburg virus disease","volume":"14","author":"S Musafiri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"pntd.0014394.ref021","volume-title":"Public Health Emergency Management Guideline for Ethiopia","author":"FMoH and EPHI","year":"2022","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014394","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T17:33:13Z","timestamp":1780680793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014394"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"David","family":"Safronetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014394","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}}}