{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:57:36Z","timestamp":1792267056038,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although alternative therapies for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are available, systemic meglumine antimoniate (MA) remains the first-line treatment in many endemic regions. Its use is nevertheless associated with serious adverse effects and a high risk of treatment failure (TF). This study aimed to identify clinical and sociodemographic risk factors for TF following systemic MA therapy, which may enhance therapeutic decision-making and improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated a retrospective cohort of 296 patients with CL treated with MA between 2007 and 2024. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed using candidate variables selected via clinical relevance, biological plausibility, stepwise selection and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression. Model performance was assessed through discrimination, calibration, and internal validation. Results were reported as odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals and p-values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Principal Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All included patients received first line MA therapy and completed at least six months of follow-up. Independent predictors associated with TF were age, occupational activity, size, number and anatomical location of lesions, clinical form, regional lymphadenopathy, and prior history of leishmaniasis. The final model showed moderate overall performance with a Hosmer-Lemeshow p value\u2009=\u20090.667, AUC\u2009=\u20090.691, and a Brier score of 22.8. Internal validation yielded a Harrel C\u2009=\u20090.608.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study demonstrates an association between TF and socio-demographic, clinical variables. Identifying these risk factors may support clinical decision-making and contribute to optimizing treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T17:30:03Z","timestamp":1785864603000},"page":"e0014606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of a predictive model for meglumine antimoniate treatment failure in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis: Aretrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Susana","family":"R\u00edos-Echavarr\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilma","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector Ivan","family":"Garc\u00eda Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"L\u00f3pez-Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5182-8295","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lina Maria","family":"Serna-Higuita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0014606.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13060462","article-title":"The Impact of Climatological Factors on the Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Colombian Municipalities from 2017 to 2019","volume":"13","author":"D Mu\u00f1oz Morales","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0014606.ref002","article-title":"Risk factors for antimony treatment failure in American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northwestern-Argentina","volume":"15","author":"MF Garc\u00eda-Bustos","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0014606.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis Worldwide and Global Estimates of Its Incidence","volume":"7","author":"J Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"pntd.0014606.ref004","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control (CDC) PHS. 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