{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:59:19Z","timestamp":1790881159479,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014763","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000}}],"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005527","name":"Carter Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No Award Number"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No Award Number"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005527","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Since being targeted for eradication in the 1980s, global human cases of dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease; GWD) have been reduced by over 99.9% through interventions aimed at interrupting the life cycle of the causative parasite,\n                    <jats:italic>Dracunculus medinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, the burden of GWD in dogs is higher than in humans and other monitored mammalian host species, threatening eradication of GWD. Expanding on a previous clinical trial of flubendazole (FLBZ) in dogs in Chad, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in which half of enrolled villages (N\u2009=\u200929) were assigned to receive FLBZ and the other half (N\u2009=\u200927) to receive no treatment. An annual difference-in-differences analysis revealed that treated villages had 59.3% fewer predicted emerging\n                    <jats:italic>D. medinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    adult females (95% CI: 53.8% fewer to 69.2% fewer) per village per year during the second year of the study compared to control villages. Analyses examining effects of FLBZ monthly, at the individual dog level, and through histopathology of\n                    <jats:italic>D. medinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    female reproductive morphology, all support the conclusion that FLBZ inhibits embryogenesis and larval development within the uterus of gravid female worms. Together these data are consistent with a hypothesis that although\n                    <jats:italic>D. medinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    emerged from individually treated dogs, the L1s released from dogs treated with FLBZ exhibited reduced viability, thus reducing the risk of infection in the next mammalian host. This trial builds the body of knowledge about FLBZ\u2019s impacts on\n                    <jats:italic>D. medinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the canine host and provides compelling evidence on the effectiveness of FLBZ in reducing the number of emerging\n                    <jats:italic>D. medinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dogs, which can contribute to the eradication of this parasite. However, additional questions remain regarding the formulation, which need to be addressed in future studies before being deployed at scale.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0014763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:59:05Z","timestamp":1790359145000},"page":"e0014763","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Flubendazole reduces emerging Dracunculus medinensis in dogs in Chad: Results from a two-year study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8994-492X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amy C.","family":"Dupper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, The Ohio State University","place":["Columbus, Ohio, United States of America"],"department":["Division of 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