{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:04:30Z","timestamp":1790874270511,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T02:59:19Z","timestamp":1203476359000},"page":"e1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Adherent Self-Renewable Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neural Stem Cell Line: Functional Engraftment in Experimental Stroke Model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Marcel M.","family":"Daadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Lise","family":"Maag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary K.","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512143332401","article-title":"Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group.","volume":"333","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1602\/neurorx.1.4.406","article-title":"Cell therapy for stroke.","volume":"1","author":"SI Savitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"NeuroRx"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000247888.25985.62","article-title":"Cell transplantation therapy for stroke.","volume":"38","author":"T Bliss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1145","article-title":"Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts [see comments] [published erratum appears in Science 1998 Dec 4;282(5395): 1827].","volume":"282","author":"JA Thomson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1995.1085","article-title":"Embryonic stem cells express neuronal properties in vitro.","volume":"168","author":"G Bain","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4773(96)00572-2","article-title":"Development of neuronal precursor cells and functional postmitotic neurons from embryonic stem cells in vitro.","volume":"59","author":"S Okabe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mech Dev"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1201-1134","article-title":"Neural progenitors from human embryonic stem cells.","volume":"19","author":"BE Reubinoff","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1201-1129","article-title":"In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells.","volume":"19","author":"SC Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt780","article-title":"Conversion of embryonic stem cells into neuroectodermal precursors in adherent monoculture.","volume":"21","author":"QL Ying","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2004-0365","article-title":"Directed differentiation of dopaminergic neuronal subtypes from human embryonic stem cells.","volume":"23","author":"Y Yan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12543","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404700101","article-title":"Derivation of midbrain dopamine neurons from human embryonic stem cells.","volume":"101","author":"AL Perrier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0380","article-title":"Enhanced yield of neuroepithelial precursors and midbrain-like dopaminergic neurons from human embryonic stem cells using the bone morphogenic protein antagonist noggin.","volume":"25","author":"KC Sonntag","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21022","article-title":"Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursors develop into neurons and integrate into the host brain.","volume":"84","author":"DJ Guillaume","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2004-0114","article-title":"Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to dopaminergic neurons in serum-free suspension culture.","volume":"22","author":"TC Schulz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0393","article-title":"Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cells to a rat model of Parkinson&apos;s disease: effect of in vitro differentiation on graft survival and teratoma formation.","volume":"24","author":"A Brederlau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1495","article-title":"Functional engraftment of human ES cell-derived dopaminergic neurons enriched by coculture with telomerase-immortalized midbrain astrocytes.","volume":"12","author":"NS Roy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1106-1237","article-title":"Stem cells: the good, bad and barely in control.","volume":"12","author":"CT Carson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7098","article-title":"In vitro expansion of a multipotent population of human neural progenitor cells.","volume":"158","author":"MK Carpenter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14720","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.26.14720","article-title":"Direct isolation of human central nervous system stem cells.","volume":"97","author":"N Uchida","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1088","article-title":"Migration and differentiation of neural precursors derived from human embryonic stem cells in the rat brain.","volume":"23","author":"V Tabar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e283","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030283","article-title":"Niche-independent symmetrical self-renewal of a mammalian tissue stem cell.","volume":"3","author":"L Conti","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(00)00005-8","article-title":"CNS plasticity and assessment of forelimb sensorimotor outcome in unilateral rat models of stroke, cortical ablation, parkinsonism and spinal cord injury.","volume":"39","author":"T Schallert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04956","article-title":"Asymmetric and symmetric stem-cell divisions in development and cancer.","volume":"441","author":"SJ Morrison","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9861(20001002)425:4<479::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Vascular niche for adult hippocampal neurogenesis.","volume":"425","author":"TD Palmer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00111-4","article-title":"For the long run: maintaining germinal niches in the adult brain.","volume":"41","author":"A Alvarez-Buylla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095505","article-title":"Endothelial cells stimulate self-renewal and expand neurogenesis of neural stem cells.","volume":"304","author":"Q Shen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/35102160","article-title":"Stem cells find their niche.","volume":"414","author":"A Spradling","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.17.1.387","article-title":"Stem and progenitor cells: origins, phenotypes, lineage commitments, and transdifferentiations.","volume":"17","author":"IL Weissman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06027","article-title":"IGF and FGF cooperatively establish the regulatory stem cell niche of pluripotent human cells in vitro.","volume":"448","author":"SC Bendall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7634","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.12.7634","article-title":"Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells.","volume":"78","author":"GR Martin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/292154a0","article-title":"Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos.","volume":"292","author":"MJ Evans","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5391.1145","article-title":"Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts.","volume":"282","author":"JA Thomson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth744","article-title":"Basic FGF and suppression of BMP signaling sustain undifferentiated proliferation of human ES cells.","volume":"2","author":"RH Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.17.1.435","article-title":"Embryo-derived stem cells: of mice and men.","volume":"17","author":"AG Smith","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3129","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.10.24.3129","article-title":"Single factors direct the differentiation of stem cells from the fetal and adult central nervous system.","volume":"10","author":"KK Johe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/340471a0","article-title":"Division and differentiation of isolated CNS blast cells in microculture.","volume":"340","author":"S Temple","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1995.1035","article-title":"FGF-2-responsive neuronal progenitors reside in proliferative and quiescent regions of the adult rodent brain.","volume":"6","author":"TD Palmer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1996.0090","article-title":"Clonal and population analyses demonstrate that an EGF-responsive mammalian embryonic precursor is a stem cell.","volume":"175","author":"BA Reynolds","year":"1996","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.22-5-798","article-title":"Requirement for neurogenesis to proceed through the division of neuronal progenitors following differentiation of epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2-responsive human neural stem cells.","volume":"22","author":"T Ostenfeld","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2005.04.018","article-title":"Expression profile of an operationally-defined neural stem cell clone.","volume":"194","author":"MA Parker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14506","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212525299","article-title":"Neural stem cell heterogeneity demonstrated by molecular phenotyping of clonal neurospheres.","volume":"99","author":"ON Suslov","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2004.12.016","article-title":"Transplantation of embryonic stem cells overexpressing Bcl-2 promotes functional recovery after transient cerebral ischemia.","volume":"19","author":"L Wei","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2005.01.031","article-title":"Transplantation of neural cells derived from retinoic acid-treated cynomolgus monkey embryonic stem cells successfully improved motor function of hemiplegic mice with experimental brain injury.","volume":"20","author":"R Ikeda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WCB.0000071886.63724.FB","article-title":"Host-dependent tumorigenesis of embryonic stem cell transplantation in experimental stroke.","volume":"23","author":"F Erdo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600247","article-title":"Primate embryonic stem cell-derived neuronal progenitors transplanted into ischemic brain.","volume":"26","author":"J Hayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0413","article-title":"Embryonic stem cell-derived neuronally committed precursor cells with reduced teratoma formation after transplantation into the lesioned adult mouse brain.","volume":"24","author":"M Dihne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200508085","article-title":"Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the absence of extrinsic influences.","volume":"172","author":"SR Smukler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00102-X","article-title":"Activin co-operates with fibroblast growth factor 2 to regulate tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the basal forebrain ventricular zone progenitors.","volume":"86","author":"M Daadi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.84","article-title":"Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats.","volume":"20","author":"EZ Longa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092310411","article-title":"Unbiased stereological estimation of the total number of neurons in the subdivisions of the rat hippocampus using the optical fractionator.","volume":"231","author":"MJ West","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5183","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.12.5183-5195.2005","article-title":"Combination of hTERT and bmi-1, E6, or E7 induces prolongation of the life span of bone marrow stromal cells from an elderly donor without affecting their neurogenic potential.","volume":"25","author":"T Mori","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1163","article-title":"Efficient differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to definitive endoderm.","volume":"23","author":"KA D'Amour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0001644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T04:26:05Z","timestamp":1557289565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0001644"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Tailoi","family":"Chan-Ling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0001644","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]}}}