{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:41:15Z","timestamp":1791304875218,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,18]],"date-time":"2008-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1213747200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,17]],"date-time":"2008-06-17T21:50:15Z","timestamp":1213739415000},"page":"e2438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Immunogenecity of Modified Alkane Polymers Is Mediated through TLR1\/2 Activation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Radhashree","family":"Maitra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina C.","family":"Clement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna M.","family":"Crisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Cobelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Santambrogio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(20000605)50:3<381::AID-JBM12>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Enhanced wear performance of highly crosslinked UHMWPE for artificial joints.","volume":"50","author":"R Chiesa","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2170","article-title":"Aseptic loosening of total joint replacements: mechanisms underlying osteolysis and potential therapies.","volume":"9","author":"Y Abu-Amer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/00013611-199300840-00006","article-title":"Fate of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) wear debris in patients with hip implants.","volume":"8","author":"H Witkiewicz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tech Orthop"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1243\/095441103765212659","article-title":"In vitro analysis of the wear, wear debris and biological activity of surface-engineered coatings for use in metal-on-metal total hip replacements.","volume":"217","author":"S Williams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Inst Mech Eng [H]"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.04.004","article-title":"Association between UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and expression of RANKL, VEGF, and Flt-1 in vivo.","volume":"27","author":"WP Ren","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.11.011","article-title":"Analysis of a retrieved polyethylene total disc replacement component.","volume":"5","author":"SM Kurtz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/088532828800300102","article-title":"An evaluation of retrieved UHMWPE hip joint cups.","volume":"3","author":"M Kurth","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Biomater Appl"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-005-0896-6","article-title":"Analysis of polyethylene particles isolated from periprosthetic tissue of loosened hip arthroplasty and comparison with radiographic appearance.","volume":"10","author":"H Koseki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(1999)48:4<434::AID-JBM6>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Proinflammatory mediator release in response to particle challenge: studies using the bone harvest chamber.","volume":"48","author":"MC Trindade","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2004.06.015","article-title":"Wear particulate and osteolysis.","volume":"36","author":"S Goodman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevBiomedEng.v28.i34.160","article-title":"Effect of carbon coating on the properties of gamma irradiated ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene specimens.","volume":"28","author":"DP Mukherjee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biomed Eng"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4525","DOI":"10.1039\/b711932a","article-title":"Reactive MALDI mass spectrometry: application to high mass alkanes and polyethylene.","author":"WE Wallace","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem Commun (Camb)"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.09.009","article-title":"Two modes of ligand recognition by TLRs.","volume":"130","author":"I Brodsky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01489.x","article-title":"TLR engagement prevents transplantation tolerance.","volume":"6","author":"L Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.09.008","article-title":"Crystal structure of the TLR1-TLR2 heterodimer induced by binding of a tri-acylated lipopeptide.","volume":"130","author":"MS Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.4.2373","article-title":"Meningococcal porin PorB binds to TLR2 and requires TLR1 for signaling.","volume":"176","author":"P Massari","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2005.05029.x","article-title":"Lipopeptide structure determines TLR2 dependent cell activation level.","volume":"272","author":"U Buwitt-Beckmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Febs J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1021\/bm060007u","article-title":"Oxidation in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and cross-linked polyethylene acetabular cups tested against roughened femoral heads in a hip joint simulator.","volume":"7","author":"P Taddei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(99)00257-4","article-title":"Analysis of released products from oxidized ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene incubated with hydrogen peroxide and salt solutions.","volume":"21","author":"AW Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9049","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M512525200","article-title":"TLR1- and TLR6-independent recognition of bacterial lipopeptides.","volume":"281","author":"U Buwitt-Beckmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2006.12.004","article-title":"TLR signaling.","volume":"19","author":"T Kawai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"291","article-title":"The biological reaction to polyethylene wear debris can be related with oxidation of the UHMWPE cups.","volume":"88","author":"EM Brach del Prever","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chir Organi Mov"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(98)00013-1","article-title":"In vivo UHMWPE biodegradation of retrieved prosthesis.","volume":"19","author":"L Costa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4636(200110)57:1<35::AID-JBM1138>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Increase in free radicals on UHMWPE hip prostheses components due to inflamed synovial cell products.","volume":"57","author":"S Fiorito","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000149821.72760.39","article-title":"Conquest of a worldwide human disease: particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis.","author":"WH Harris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/0969-8043(95)00118-2","article-title":"Long-term effects of gamma-sterilization on degradation of implant materials.","volume":"46","author":"MS Jahan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Appl Radiat Isot"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328205052974","article-title":"Review paper: surface modification for bioimplants: the role of laser surface engineering.","volume":"20","author":"A Kurella","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biomater Appl"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00128-5","article-title":"UHMWPE oxidation increases granulocytes activation: a role in tissue response after prosthesis implant.","volume":"24","author":"F Reno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00088-1","article-title":"Differential response to chemically altered polyethylene by activated mature human monocyte-derived macrophages.","volume":"23","author":"S Xing","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomaterials"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002438","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T02:53:53Z","timestamp":1540263233000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002438"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Bozza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,18]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002438","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,18]]}}}