{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T12:03:15Z","timestamp":1785844995705,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]],"date-time":"2010-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1271203200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]],"date-time":"2010-04-14T21:04:05Z","timestamp":1271279045000},"page":"e10057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Tyrannobdella rex N. Gen. N. Sp. and the Evolutionary Origins of Mucosal Leech Infestations"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Anna J.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renzo","family":"Arauco-Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Oceguera-Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria P.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Beltr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Te","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Siddall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Fauna of British India: Hirudinea.","author":"WA Harding","year":"1927"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90265-8","article-title":"Severe anaemia and death due to the pharyngeal leech <italic>Myxobdella africana<\/italic>.","volume":"80","author":"DB Cundall","year":"1986","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-008-0706-1","article-title":"Leech endoparasitism: report of a case and review of the literature.","volume":"168","author":"F Montazeri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.2307\/3277105","article-title":"Internal hirudiniasis in man with <italic>Limnatis nilotica<\/italic>, in Iraq.","volume":"54","author":"Z Almallah","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200000336X","article-title":"Hirudinea as human parasites in Palestine.","volume":"1","author":"EWG Masterman","year":"1908","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(69)90939-8","article-title":"Pharyngeal leeches.","volume":"ii","author":"FM Turner","year":"1969","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2007.02.004","article-title":"Leech in urinary bladder causing hematuria.","volume":"4","author":"S Alam","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067.e3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2008.03.022","article-title":"Leech bites, massive bleeding, coagulation profile disorders, and severe anemia.","volume":"26","author":"A Kose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Leech Biology and Behaviour.","author":"RT Sawyer","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-9-246","article-title":"Polyparaphyly of Hirudinidae: many lineages of medicinal leeches.","volume":"9","author":"AJ Phillips","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Evol Bio"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2007.09.006","article-title":"On the classification, evolution and biogeography of terrestrial haemadipsoid leeches (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Hirudiniformes).","volume":"46","author":"E Borda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"42","article-title":"Infeccion nasal por <italic>Hirudo medicinalis<\/italic> y breve revision del tema.","volume":"14(2)","author":"M Beltran","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Med Exp INS"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"241","article-title":"Description of a new species of leech, coming from the forests of the state of Chiapas.","volume":"28","author":"CE Caballero","year":"1957","journal-title":"Ana Inst Biol Univ Nac Aut\u00f3n M\u00e9xico"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"43","article-title":"<italic>Limnobdella tehuacanea<\/italic> (Jim\u00e9nez, 1865) Caballero, 1931. Syn: <italic>Hirudo tehuacanea<\/italic> Jim\u00e9nez, 1865.","volume":"3","author":"CE Cabellero","year":"1932","journal-title":"Anales Inst Biol Univ Nac Aut\u00f3n M\u00e9xico"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1996.87237.x","article-title":"Severe urological complication of leech bite in the tropics.","volume":"77","author":"MS Hamid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"175","article-title":"Leech infestation and its association with water drinking habits.","volume":"16","author":"SN Raza","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pakistan"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(79)92863-0","article-title":"Respiratory obstruction and haematemesis due to leech.","volume":"2","author":"M Singh","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01282-06","article-title":"Novel role for <italic>Aeromonas jandaei<\/italic> as a digestive tract symbiont of the North American medicinal leech.","volume":"73","author":"M Siddall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Env Microbiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6151","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00795-08","article-title":"Characterization of the digestive-tract microbiota of <italic>Hirudo orientalis<\/italic>, a European medicinal leech.","volume":"74","author":"AS Laufer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl Env Microbiol"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Pijavki [Leeches]","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"EI Lukin","year":"1976"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"327","article-title":"The leeches (Hirudinidae) in the collection of the Natal Museum.","volume":"14","author":"JP Moore","year":"1958","journal-title":"Ann Natal Mus"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"49","article-title":"Hirudineen aus dem Togoland.","volume":"63","author":"R Blanchard","year":"1896","journal-title":"Arch Naturgesch"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1006\/mpev.1999.0639","article-title":"Higher-level relationships of leeches (Annelida: Clitellata: Euhirudinea) based on morphology and gene sequences.","volume":"12","author":"K Apakupakul","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1139\/z05-025","article-title":"Comment on \u201cIdentifying spiders through DNA barcodes\u201d.","volume":"83","author":"L Predini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0300-3256.2001.00095.x","article-title":"Mecoptera is paraphyletic: multiple genes and phylogeny of Mecoptera and Siphonaptera.","volume":"31","author":"MF Whiting","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zool Scripta"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/87.6.651","article-title":"Evolution, weighting, and phylogenetic utility of mitochondrial gene sequences and a compilation of conserved PCR primers.","volume":"87","author":"C Simon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annals Entomol Soc Am"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"294","article-title":"DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome <italic>c<\/italic> oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates.","volume":"3","author":"O Folmer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","article-title":"MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput.","volume":"32","author":"RC Edgar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.2003.tb00376.x","article-title":"Improvements to resampling measures of group support.","volume":"19","author":"PA Goloboff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cladistics"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.1999.tb00277.x","article-title":"The parsimony ratchet, a new method for rapid parsimony analysis.","volume":"15","author":"K Nixon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cladistics"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg180","article-title":"MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models.","volume":"19","author":"F Ronquist","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/14.9.817","article-title":"Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution.","volume":"14","author":"D Posada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150490522304","article-title":"Model selection and model averaging in phylogenetics: advantages of Akaike Information Criterion and Bayesian approaches over likelihood ratio tests.","volume":"53","author":"D Posada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Syst Biol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0010057","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T16:29:08Z","timestamp":1540225748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0010057"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Robert","family":"DeSalle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0010057","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]]}}}