{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:59:50Z","timestamp":1791269990120,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]],"date-time":"2010-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1277078400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]],"date-time":"2010-06-21T15:22:46Z","timestamp":1277133766000},"page":"e11206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Concurrent Helminthic Infection Protects Schoolchildren with Plasmodium vivax from Anemia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Gisely Cardoso","family":"Melo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto Carlos","family":"Reyes-Lecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Vitor-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wuelton Marcelo","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilaine","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana Gomes","family":"Benzecry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria das Gra\u00e7as Costa","family":"Alecrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus Vin\u00edcius Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"World malaria report 2008.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geneva"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Malaria in the Americas: Time Series Epidemiological Data from 2000 to 2007.","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"97","article-title":"The anemia of malaria infection: role of inflammatory cytokines.","volume":"3","author":"MA McDevitt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Hematol Rep"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(00)01774-9","article-title":"Malaria-related anaemia.","volume":"16","author":"C Menendez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitol Today"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Hematological characterization of children with vivax malaria in the Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas","author":"M Oliveira","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.80.146","article-title":"Comparative hematologic analysis of uncomplicated malaria in uniquely different regions of unstable transmission in Brazil and Colombia.","volume":"80","author":"O Caicedo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"497","article-title":"Cross-sectional study of intestinal parasites and Chagas&apos; disease in the Municipality of Novo Airao, State of Amazonas, Brazil.","volume":"15","author":"MN Boia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822005000100016","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in the city of Eirunepe, Amazon.","volume":"38","author":"CF Araujo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Malaria, Filariasis other parasitic diseases.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geneva"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.1.171","article-title":"Low dietary iron availability is a major cause of anemia: a nutrition survey in the Lindi District of Tanzania.","volume":"68","author":"S Tatala","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000006867","article-title":"The public health significance of Trichuris trichiura.","volume":"121","author":"LS Stephenson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000006491","article-title":"Malnutrition and parasitic helminth infections.","volume":"121","author":"LS Stephenson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-002-0068-1","article-title":"An Update on the Geohelminths: Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, and Strongyloides stercoralis.","volume":"4","author":"RD Pearson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000006442","article-title":"The public health importance of Ascaris lumbricoides.","volume":"121","author":"P O'Lorcain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"61","article-title":"Epidemiology of poly-parasitism. I. Occurrence, frequency and distribution of multiple infections in rural communities in Chad, Peru, Afghanistan, and Zaire.","volume":"29","author":"AA Buck","year":"1978","journal-title":"Tropenmed Parasitol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(97)00189-6","article-title":"Multiparasite communities in animals and humans: frequency, structure and pathogenic significance.","volume":"28","author":"TN Petney","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2000.00284.x","article-title":"Ascaris lumbricoides infection is associated with protection from cerebral malaria.","volume":"22","author":"M Nacher","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0055:IHIAAW]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Intestinal helminth infections are associated with increased incidence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand.","volume":"88","author":"M Nacher","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-5-99","article-title":"The co-distribution of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/italic> and hookworm among African schoolchildren.","volume":"5","author":"S Brooker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.194","article-title":"Parasitic co-infections: does <italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/italic> protect against <italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/italic> infection?","volume":"75","author":"L Brutus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.1091","article-title":"Confirmation of the protective effect of Ascaris lumbricoides on <italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/italic> infection: results of a randomized trial in Madagascar.","volume":"77","author":"L Brutus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.64.97","article-title":"The neglected burden of <italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/italic> malaria.","volume":"64","author":"K Mendis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Microscopic diagnosis of Malaria. 4th edition ed.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geneva"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-8-19","article-title":"Algorithms for converting estimates of child malnutrition based on the NCHS reference into estimates based on the WHO Child Growth Standards.","volume":"8","author":"H Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761919000100006","article-title":"Schistosoma mansoni e a schistosomose, segundo observa\u00e7\u00f5es feitas no Brasil.","volume":"11","author":"A Lutz","year":"1919","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.2307\/3272508","article-title":"Comparative efficiency of various techniques for the diagnosis of protozoa and helminths in feces.","volume":"25","author":"EC Faust","year":"1939","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Reducing risks, promoting healthy life. The World Health Report 2002. Annex Table 3. Burden of Disease in DALYs by Cause, Sex and Mortality Stratums in WHO Regions, Estimates for 2001.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geneva"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.604S","article-title":"An analysis of anemia and pregnancy-related maternal mortality.","volume":"131","author":"BJ Brabin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.71.25","article-title":"Reducing the burden of anemia in infants and young children in malaria-endemic countries of Africa: from evidence to action.","volume":"71","author":"J Crawley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.649S","article-title":"A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children.","volume":"131","author":"S Grantham-McGregor","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01317.x","article-title":"Impact of malaria control on childhood anaemia in Africa - a quantitative review.","volume":"9","author":"EL Korenromp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.88","article-title":"Epidemiology of plasmodium-helminth co-infection in Africa: populations at risk, potential impact on anemia, and prospects for combining control.","volume":"77","author":"S Brooker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2007.09.015","article-title":"Malaria and hookworm infections in relation to haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels in pregnancy in Masindi district, western Uganda.","volume":"102","author":"R Ndyomugyenyi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.7.1724","article-title":"Malaria, hookworms and recent fever are related to anemia and iron status indicators in 0- to 5-y old Zanzibari children and these relationships change with age.","volume":"130","author":"RJ Stoltzfus","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2001)087[0912:CASMPF]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Contemporaneous and successive mixed <italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/italic> and <italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/italic> infections are associated with Ascaris lumbricoides: an immunomodulating effect?","volume":"87","author":"M Nacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.644","article-title":"Association of helminth infections with increased gametocyte carriage during mild falciparum malaria in Thailand.","volume":"65","author":"M Nacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"623","article-title":"Inverse relationship between the number of fertilized Ascaris eggs excreted and fever, in patients co-infected with <italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/italic> and <italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/italic>.","volume":"99","author":"M Nacher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.136","article-title":"Short report: Hookworm infection is associated with decreased body temperature during mild <italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/italic> malaria.","volume":"65","author":"M Nacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.72.702","article-title":"Coinfection with <italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/italic> and <italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/italic>: protective effect of schistosomiasis on malaria in senegalese children?","volume":"72","author":"V Briand","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/30.12.2117","article-title":"Parotid enlargement, forehead edema, and suppression of malaria as nutritional consequences of ascariasis.","volume":"30","author":"MJ Murray","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/31.8.1363","article-title":"The biological suppression of malaria: an ecological and nutritional interrelationship of a host and two parasites.","volume":"31","author":"J Murray","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.834","article-title":"Helminth infections are associated with protection from malaria-related acute renal failure and jaundice in Thailand.","volume":"65","author":"M Nacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1101.040519","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax malaria.","volume":"11","author":"DK Kochar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e128","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050128","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant <italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/italic> associated with severe and fatal malaria: a prospective study in Papua, Indonesia.","volume":"5","author":"E Tjitra","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-3-43","article-title":"Increase of malaria attacks among children presenting concomitant infection by <italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/italic> in Senegal.","volume":"3","author":"C Sokhna","year":"2004","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2003.10.009","article-title":"Severe malaria attack is associated with high prevalence of <italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/italic> infection among children in rural Senegal.","volume":"98","author":"JY Le Hesran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.335","article-title":"Association of helminth infection with decreased reticulocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration in Thai falciparum malaria.","volume":"65","author":"M Nacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9623","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009623","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax: induction of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells during infection are directly associated with level of circulating parasites.","volume":"5","author":"LL Bueno","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939699","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in human geohelminth infection suppress immune responses to BCG and Plasmodium falciparum.","volume":"40","author":"LJ Wammes","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(99)90007-X","article-title":"The epidemiology of hookworm infection and its contribution to anaemia among pre-school children on the Kenyan coast.","volume":"93","author":"S Brooker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1985.34.519","article-title":"Relationships of <italic>Schistosoma hematobium<\/italic>, hookworm and malarial infections and metrifonate treatment to hemoglobin level in Kenyan school children.","volume":"34","author":"LS Stephenson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(96)90312-0","article-title":"Malaria is an important cause of anaemia in primigravidae: evidence from a district hospital in coastal Kenya.","volume":"90","author":"CE Shulman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-004-0003-3","article-title":"Interactions between worm infections and malaria.","volume":"26","author":"M Nacher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0011206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T04:32:13Z","timestamp":1559190733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0011206"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"R\u00e9nia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0011206","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]]}}}