{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:35:49Z","timestamp":1792658149192,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]],"date-time":"2011-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1295481600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]],"date-time":"2011-01-20T16:50:04Z","timestamp":1295542204000},"page":"e14566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":266,"title":["Classifications for Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Maria Regina","family":"Torloni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Pilar","family":"Betran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao Paulo","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Widmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Metin","family":"Gulmezoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Merialdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318068646a","article-title":"Health consequences of the increasing caesarean section rates.","volume":"18","author":"JM Belizan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901073400112","article-title":"The risks of lowering the cesarean-delivery rate.","volume":"340","author":"BP Sachs","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(01)00519-7","article-title":"Fish can't see water: the need to humanize birth.","volume":"75","author":"M Wagner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"The National Sentinel Caesarean Section Audit Report.","author":"J Thomas","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2007.00786.x","article-title":"Rates of caesarean section: analysis of global, regional and national estimates.","volume":"21","author":"AP Betran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1017\/S0965539501000122","article-title":"Classification of caesarean sections.","volume":"12","author":"MS Robson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198410043111405","article-title":"Determinants of the increasing cesarean birth rate. Ontario data 1979 to 1982.","volume":"311","author":"GM Anderson","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"82","article-title":"Cesarean childbirth. Report of a consensus Development conference.","year":"1981","journal-title":"DDHS publication"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(94)70217-9","article-title":"Cesarean section delivery in the 1980s: international comparison by indication.","volume":"170","author":"FC Notzon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"485","article-title":"Active management of labor as an alternative to cesarean section for dystocia.","volume":"63","author":"K O'Driscoll","year":"1984","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb15357.x","article-title":"Evaluating the quality of the maternity services\u2013a discussion paper.","volume":"98","author":"CM Paterson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70394-0","article-title":"Using the medical audit cycle to reduce cesarean section rates.","volume":"174","author":"MS Robson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/0144361031000119547","article-title":"Significant improvement in quality of caesarean section documentation with dedicated operative proforma - Completion of the audit cycle.","volume":"23","author":"JDM Nicopoullos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.05.001","article-title":"Comparing grades of urgency for classification of cesarean delivery.","volume":"107","author":"DJ van","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16406-4","article-title":"Mandatory second opinion to reduce rates of unnecessary caesarean sections in Latin America: a cluster randomised controlled trial.","volume":"363","author":"F Althabe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340903015313","article-title":"Effectiveness of a multifaceted strategy to improve the appropriateness of cesarean sections.","volume":"88","author":"A Calvo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Cesarean sections in Senegal: coverage of needs and quality of services. Sante 8: 369-377.","volume":"9854015","author":"CT Cisse","year":"1998","journal-title":"Medline Unique Identifier"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"574","article-title":"Repeat cesareans: How many are elective?","volume":"84","author":"KD Gregory","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4103\/0022-3859.39195","article-title":"Documenting indications for cesarean deliveries.","volume":"54","author":"P Kushtagi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Caesarean Section Clinical Guideline.","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"242","article-title":"New proposal for classification of caesareans.","volume":"48","author":"R Nico","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Ginecol Lat Americ"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-7-16","article-title":"The unmet need for emergency obstetric care in Tanga Region, Tanzania.","volume":"7","author":"H Prytherch","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2008.00241.x","article-title":"Recommendations for routine reporting on indications for cesarean delivery in developing countries.","volume":"35","author":"C Stanton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tackling Unmet Need for Major Obstetric Interventions.","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"51","article-title":"[Color-codes implementation shortens the decision-to-delivery interval of emergency C-sections].","volume":"38","author":"C Huissoud","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680009300703","article-title":"Urgency of caesarean section: A new classification.","volume":"93","author":"DN Lucas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09710.x","article-title":"The standard primipara as a basis for inter-unit comparisons of maternity care.","volume":"103","author":"R Cleary","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2006.00105.x","article-title":"Surveillance of cesarean section deliveries, New Jersey, 1999-2004.","volume":"33","author":"CE Denk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)00113-6","article-title":"Assessing the role of case mix in cesarean delivery rates.","volume":"92","author":"E Lieberman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"WHO Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health Project A25176- Operational Manual.","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Safety of CS in resource poor settings.","author":"R Guidotti","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"721","article-title":"Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium.","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0014566","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T18:36:18Z","timestamp":1588962978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0014566"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Althabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0014566","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]]}}}