{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T02:10:32Z","timestamp":1773972632055,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293062400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T22:32:52Z","timestamp":1293143572000},"page":"e15586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["The Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Papua New Guinea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Vallely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Siba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Lupiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Millan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Twenty years of HIV surveillance in the Pacific - what do the data tell us and what do we still need to know?","volume":"12","author":"T Sladden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pacific Health Dialogue"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"The 2007 Estimation Report on the HIV Epidemic in Papua New Guinea; Council NA, editor.","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Papua New Guinea National Strategic Plan on HIV\/AIDS 2006-2010.","author":"NACS","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2008.01396.x","article-title":"HIV in Papua New Guinea: the need for practical action, and a focus on human resources and health systems for women and children.","volume":"44","author":"T Duke","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Oceania: AIDS epidemic update. Regional Summary.","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"PNG infection rates for HIV may be declining.","author":"J Chandler","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"494","article-title":"Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS in the Asia-Pacific region.","volume":"165","author":"GJ Dore","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med\u00a0J\u00a0Aust"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"National Research Agenda for HIV and AIDS, Papua New Guinea 2008-2013.","author":"NACS","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.5172\/hesr.2006.15.3.293","article-title":"AIDS is a tear in the social fabric of PNG: HIV and its impact 2005-2025.","volume":"15","author":"H Worth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Sociology Review"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Impacts of HIV\/AIDS 2005\u20132025 in Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor.Final Report of HIV Epidemiological Modelling and Impact Study.","author":"AusAID","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"104","article-title":"AIDS in Papua New Guinea: situation in the Pacific.","volume":"20","author":"JC Caldwell","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"61","article-title":"Epidemiological synergy. Interrelationships between human immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases.","volume":"19","author":"JN Wasserheit","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30558-4","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus. Epidemiologic synergy?","volume":"7","author":"C Clottey","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"5","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases enhance HIV transmission: no longer a hypothesis.[erratum appears in Lancet 1998 Dec 19-26;352(9145):2026].","volume":"351","author":"MS Cohen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.75.1.3","article-title":"From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection.","volume":"75","author":"DT Fleming","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1086\/508548","article-title":"Association of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and syphilis with human immunodeficiency virus infection among men who have sex with men in Peru.","volume":"194","author":"JR Lama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000198081.09337.a7","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus 2 infection increases HIV acquisition in men and women: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.","volume":"20","author":"EE Freeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200110000-00005","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiologic interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: how much really is known?","volume":"28","author":"JA Rottingen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2003.05.001","article-title":"Genital ulcer disease control and HIV prevention.","volume":"29","author":"R Steen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91380-7","article-title":"Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial.","volume":"346","author":"H Grosskurth","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.Supplement_2.S162","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases in developing countries: public health importance and priorities for resource allocation.","volume":"174","author":"M Over","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.74.5.339","article-title":"Heterosexual HIV transmission and STD prevalence: predictions of a theoretical model.","volume":"74","author":"AM Renton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.1.180","article-title":"Proportion of HIV infections attributable to other sexually transmitted diseases in a rural Ugandan population: simulation model estimates.","volume":"26","author":"NJ Robinson","year":"1997","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61058-7","article-title":"Randomised trials of HIV prevention.[comment].","volume":"370","author":"RH Gray","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials.","volume":"7","author":"R DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000161177.21639.96","article-title":"High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in the eastern highlands province of Papua New Guinea: correlates and recommendations.","volume":"32","author":"J Gare","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":""It's in every corner now".","author":"L Hammar","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"152","article-title":"A survey of sexually transmitted diseases in five STD clinics in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"37","author":"BJ Hudson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"The state of sexually transmitted diseases in the Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.","author":"T Lupiwa","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Perinatal transmission of chlamydia trachomatis in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea.","author":"CS Mgone","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"High detection rate of neisseria gonorrhoeae using polymerase chain reaction among rural women in the Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea.","author":"CS Mgone","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200212000-00007","article-title":"High prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and multiple sexually transmitted diseases among rural women in the Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea, detected by polymerase chain reaction.","volume":"29","author":"CS Mgone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200205000-00003","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in two major cities in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"29","author":"CS Mgone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Gonococcal drug sensitivities, trichomoniasis and evaluation of risk factors for chlamydial infection.","author":"M Passey","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"The pattern of chlamydia trachomatis infections in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.","author":"D Suarkia","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"295","article-title":"Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women attending a family planning clinic in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"71","author":"JJ Theunissen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"234","article-title":"High prevalence of trichomonal vaginitis and chlamydial cervicitis among a rural population in the highlands of Papua New Guinea.","volume":"39","author":"S Tiwara","year":"1996","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.74.2.120","article-title":"Community based study of sexually transmitted diseases in rural women in the highlands of Papua New Guinea: prevalence and risk factors.","volume":"74","author":"M Passey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1071\/SH09093","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of reported symptoms for sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"7","author":"E Bruce","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"High prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis in PNG male STI clinic attendees using polymerase chain reaction","author":"T Lupiwa","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"401","article-title":"Screening for sexually transmitted diseases in rural women in Papua New Guinea: are WHO therapeutic algorithms appropriate for case detection?","volume":"76","author":"M Passey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Risk factors for trichomonal infection in women in the highlands.","author":"M Passey","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"163","article-title":"Prevalence of vaginal infections with bacterial vaginosis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida albicans among pregnant women at the Port Moresby General Hospital Antenatal Clinic.","volume":"38","author":"CA Klufio","year":"1995","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-197704000-00008","article-title":"An evaluation of trichomoniasis in two ethnic groups in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"4","author":"V Zigas","year":"1977","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Bio-behavioural sentinel surveillance survey among men and women attending Lae Friends STI clinic 2008.","author":"H Aruwafu","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among sex workers in Port Moresby and Lae.","author":"M Passey","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2005.00757.x","article-title":"HIV antibody seroprevalence in the emergency department at Port Moresby General Hospital, Papua New Guinea.","volume":"17","author":"C Curry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Counselling and HIV test results for some male clients of sex workers in Port Moresby","author":"N Yapea","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0705.017522","article-title":"Human herpesvirus-8 and other viral infections, Papua New Guinea.","volume":"7","author":"G Rezza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.72.33","article-title":"Infection with human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus type 2, and human herpes virus 8 in remote villages of southwestern Papua New Guinea.","volume":"72","author":"B Suligoi","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"190","article-title":"Donovanosis in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"52","author":"I Maddocks","year":"1976","journal-title":"British Journal of Venereal Diseases"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"5","article-title":"Status of granuloma inguinale in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"22","author":"T Kuberski","year":"1979","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"70","article-title":"Anogenital lesions in women in Papua New Guinea.","volume":"23","author":"A Vacca","year":"1980","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1984.33.632","article-title":"Donovanosis affecting cervix, uterus, and adnexae.","volume":"33","author":"SK Sengupta","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"67","article-title":"Donovanosis\u2014a review.","volume":"28","author":"J Richens","year":"1985","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"295","article-title":"Knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases shown by people attending the STD Clinic at Port Moresby General Hospital.","volume":"29","author":"GB Bukenya","year":"1986","journal-title":"Papua New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Second Generation Surveillance Surveys of HIV, other STIs and Risk Behaviours in 6 Pacific Island Countries (2004-2005).","author":"WPRO","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318175d885","article-title":"Chlamydia in the Pacific region, the silent epidemic.","volume":"35","author":"SJ Cliffe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200304000-00017","article-title":"Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among antenatal women in Vanuatu, 1999-2000.","volume":"30","author":"EA Sullivan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"U1610","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV\/AIDS in Vanuatu: a cause for concern and action.","volume":"118","author":"D Zenner","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Z\u00a0Med\u00a0J"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000237774.29010.30","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in women attending an antenatal clinic in the South Pacific island nation of Vanuatu.","volume":"34","author":"LJ Haddow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"213","article-title":"The prevalence of sexually transmitted disease agents in pregnant women in Suva.","volume":"27","author":"R Gyaneshwar","year":"1987","journal-title":"Aust\u00a0N\u00a0Z\u00a0J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"116","article-title":"Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus among women attending prenatal services in Apia, Samoa.","volume":"15","author":"EA Sullivan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int\u00a0J\u00a0STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"23","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis in Vanuatu.","volume":"16","author":"N Fotinatos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust\u00a0J\u00a0Rural Health"},{"key":"ref65","article-title":"Sexual risk behaviours, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Indonesia.","author":"R Magnani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.038299","article-title":"Addressing the high prevalence of gonorrhoea and chlamydia among female sex workers in Indonesia: results of an enhanced, comprehensive intervention.","volume":"86","author":"LJ Bollen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000230427.01727.80","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies among low- and high-risk populations in Indonesia.","volume":"34","author":"SC Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref68","article-title":"Syphilis among female sex workers in Indonesia: need and opportunity for intervention.","author":"N Majid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"S118","article-title":"Syndromic approach to detection of gonococcal and chlamydial infections among female sex workers in two Philippine cities.","volume":"74","author":"T Wi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.018283","article-title":"STI declines among sex workers and clients following outreach, one time presumptive treatment, and regular screening of sex workers in the Philippines.","volume":"82","author":"T Wi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.75.1.30","article-title":"HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections in a cohort of female sex workers in Chiang Rai, Thailand.","volume":"75","author":"K Limpakarnjanarat","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/29.2.344","article-title":"Behavioural and serological human immunodeficiency virus risk factors among female commercial sex workers in Cambodia.","volume":"29","author":"K Ohshige","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.79.4.e2","article-title":"Rural sex work in Cambodia: work characteristics, risk behaviours, HIV, and syphilis.","volume":"79","author":"H Sopheab","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000175384.44106.be","article-title":"High prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among indirect sex workers in Cambodia.","volume":"32","author":"AA Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-8-167","article-title":"Sustained high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Cambodia: high turnover seriously challenges the 100% Condom Use Programme.","volume":"8","author":"H Sopheab","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref76","article-title":"RTI\/STI Prevalence in Selected Sites in the Philippines.","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref77","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref78","article-title":"Strengthening a Gendered Approach to HIV\/AIDS in PNG: Some Issues for Donors and Development Partners.","author":"C Bradley","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref79","article-title":"Exploring the Role of Men and Maculinities in PNG in the Twenty First Century: How to address violence in ways that generate empowerment for both men and women.","author":"R Eves","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref80","article-title":"Cultures and Context Matter: Understanding and Preventing HIV in the Pacific.","author":"C Jenkins","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref81","article-title":"Young people's Attitides Towards Sex and HIV in the Eastern Highlands of PNG.","author":"A Kelly","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref82","first-page":"61","article-title":"The sociocultural and economic context of HIV\/AIDS in Papua New Guinea.","author":"G Koczberski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dev Bull"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1835-9310.2008.tb00119.x","article-title":"Mobility, violence and the gendering of HIV in PNG.","volume":"19","author":"K Lepani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Anthropology"},{"key":"ref84","first-page":"142","article-title":"Passenger women: Changing gender relations in the Tari Basin.","volume":"45","author":"H Wardlow","year":"2002","journal-title":"PNG Medicial Journal"},{"key":"ref85","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Men's extramartial sexuality in rural PNG.","volume":"97","author":"H Wardlow","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"ref86","article-title":"National Study of Sexual and Reproductive Knowledge and Behaviour in Papua New Guinea.","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(01)90091-6","article-title":"Male circumcision and penis enhancement in Southeast Asia: matters of pain and pleasure.","volume":"9","author":"TH Hull","year":"2001","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"ref88","author":"J Millan","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref89","author":"NACS","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref90","article-title":"Risk Behavior and HIV Prevalence in Tanah Papua 2006:Results of the IHBS 2006 in Tanah Papua.","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2009.00359.x","article-title":"Self-administered vaginal swabs are a feasible alternative to physician-assisted cervical swabs for sexually transmitted infection screening in the emergency department.","volume":"16","author":"N Berwald","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200211000-00006","article-title":"Evaluation of self-collected samples in contrast to practitioner-collected samples for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis by polymerase chain reaction among women living in remote areas.","volume":"29","author":"J Knox","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S220","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/7-Supplement_2.S220","article-title":"The control of endemic treponematoses.","volume":"7","author":"GM Antal","year":"1985","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.388","article-title":"Failure of penicillin treatment of yaws on Karkar Island, Papua New Guinea.","volume":"59","author":"JL Backhouse","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am\u00a0J\u00a0Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref95","first-page":"277","article-title":"Venereal diseases in the Pacific Islands. Papua New Guinea.","volume":"56","author":"RR Willcox","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br\u00a0J\u00a0Vener Dis"},{"key":"ref96","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015586","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T06:34:50Z","timestamp":1637044490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015586"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph S.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015586","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]}}}