{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:50:11Z","timestamp":1792741811524,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]],"date-time":"2011-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1294185600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]],"date-time":"2011-01-05T22:25:22Z","timestamp":1294266322000},"page":"e15943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Rapid Host Defense against Aspergillus fumigatus Involves Alveolar Macrophages with a Predominance of Alternatively Activated Phenotype"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Shikha","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjian","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manohar","family":"Yarlagadda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengbiao","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizuo","family":"Akira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinobu","family":"Saijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichiro","family":"Iwakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"van Rooijen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudette M.","family":"St. Croix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuradha","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabir","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00274-07","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus: principles of pathogenesis and host defense.","volume":"6","author":"TM Hohl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-939521","article-title":"Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.","volume":"27","author":"PG Gibson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00014-09","article-title":"Innate immunity to Aspergillus species.","volume":"22","author":"SJ Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-003-3020-0","article-title":"Regulation of macrophage activation.","volume":"60","author":"J Ma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737638","article-title":"The macrophage: past, present and future.","volume":"37","author":"S Gordon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3084","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803463","article-title":"Alternatively activated macrophages elicited by helminth infection can be reprogrammed to enable microbial killing.","volume":"182","author":"KJ Mylonas","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132532","article-title":"Alternative activation of macrophages: an immunologic functional perspective.","volume":"27","author":"FO Martinez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation.","volume":"8","author":"DM Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.1.287","article-title":"Interleukin 4 potently enhances murine macrophage mannose receptor activity: a marker of alternative immunologic macrophage activation.","volume":"176","author":"M Stein","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2741\/2692","article-title":"Macrophage activation and polarization.","volume":"13","author":"FO Martinez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1671","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-induced arginase 1 in macrophages thwarts effective immunity against intracellular pathogens.","volume":"9","author":"KC El Kasmi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1770","article-title":"Persistent activation of an innate immune response translates respiratory viral infection into chronic lung disease.","volume":"14","author":"EY Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2010.6","article-title":"Control of RSV-induced lung injury by alternatively activated macrophages is IL-4R alpha-, TLR4-, and IFN-beta-dependent.","volume":"3","author":"KA Shirey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6346","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.10.6346","article-title":"Role of IFN-gamma in regulating T2 immunity and the development of alternatively activated macrophages during allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis.","volume":"174","author":"S Arora","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Macrophages: regulators of sex differences in asthma?","author":"BN Melgert","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05894","article-title":"Macrophage-specific PPARgamma controls alternative activation and improves insulin resistance.","volume":"447","author":"JI Odegaard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22620","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M710314200","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation promotes infiltration of alternatively activated macrophages into adipose tissue.","volume":"283","author":"R Stienstra","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22110","article-title":"Alternatively activated RAW264.7 macrophages enhance tumor lymphangiogenesis in mouse lung adenocarcinoma.","volume":"107","author":"B Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28828","article-title":"Tumors induce a subset of inflammatory monocytes with immunosuppressive activity on CD8+ T cells.","volume":"116","author":"G Gallina","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.03.077","article-title":"Th2 cytokine-induced alterations in intestinal smooth muscle function depend on alternatively activated macrophages.","volume":"135","author":"A Zhao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000371","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000371","article-title":"Arginase-1-expressing macrophages suppress Th2 cytokine-driven inflammation and fibrosis.","volume":"5","author":"JT Pesce","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20082048","article-title":"Alternatively activated macrophage-derived RELM-{alpha} is a negative regulator of type 2 inflammation in the lung.","volume":"206","author":"MG Nair","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000393","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000393","article-title":"Retnla (relmalpha\/fizz1) suppresses helminth-induced th2-type immunity.","volume":"5","author":"JT Pesce","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1451","article-title":"Memory T(H)2 cells induce alternatively activated macrophages to mediate protection against nematode parasites.","volume":"12","author":"RM Anthony","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3059","article-title":"The contribution of the Toll-like\/IL-1 receptor superfamily to innate and adaptive immunity to fungal pathogens in vivo.","volume":"172","author":"S Bellocchio","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39320","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201683200","article-title":"Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in response to Aspergillus fumigatus.","volume":"277","author":"SS Mambula","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2003.00301.x","article-title":"Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 are essential for Aspergillus-induced activation of murine macrophages.","volume":"5","author":"A Meier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3717","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.6.3717","article-title":"Dectin-1 and TLRs permit macrophages to distinguish between different Aspergillus fumigatus cellular states.","volume":"176","author":"GM Gersuk","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0010030","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus triggers inflammatory responses by stage-specific beta-glucan display.","volume":"1","author":"TM Hohl","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1460","article-title":"Syk- and CARD9-dependent coupling of innate immunity to the induction of T helper cells that produce interleukin 17.","volume":"8","author":"S LeibundGut-Landmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0010042","article-title":"The beta-glucan receptor dectin-1 recognizes specific morphologies of Aspergillus fumigatus.","volume":"1","author":"C Steele","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1425","article-title":"Dectin-1 is required for host defense against Pneumocystis carinii but not against Candida albicans.","volume":"8","author":"S Saijo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1408","article-title":"Dectin-1 is required for beta-glucan recognition and control of fungal infection.","volume":"8","author":"PR Taylor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2521","article-title":"Arginase I is constitutively expressed in human granulocytes and participates in fungicidal activity.","volume":"105","author":"M Munder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4938","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0804250","article-title":"Requisite role for the dectin-1 beta-glucan receptor in pulmonary defense against Aspergillus fumigatus.","volume":"182","author":"JL Werner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.71.4.597","article-title":"Differential expression of FIZZ1 and Ym1 in alternatively versus classically activated macrophages.","volume":"71","author":"G Raes","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.10.017","article-title":"Resistin-like molecule alpha enhances myeloid cell activation and promotes colitis.","volume":"122","author":"A Munitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3034-3042.2003","article-title":"Killing of Aspergillus fumigatus by alveolar macrophages is mediated by reactive oxidant intermediates.","volume":"71","author":"B Philippe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-3-7","article-title":"IL-4 dependent alternatively-activated macrophages have a distinctive in vivo gene expression phenotype.","volume":"3","author":"P Loke","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7777","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508492103","article-title":"Simvastatin promotes Th2-type responses through the induction of the chitinase family member Ym1 in dendritic cells.","volume":"103","author":"M Arora","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42821","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205873200","article-title":"TH2 cytokines and allergic challenge induce Ym1 expression in macrophages by a STAT6-dependent mechanism.","volume":"277","author":"JS Welch","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.4.1789","article-title":"The Th2 cell cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 regulate found in inflammatory zone 1\/resistin-like molecule alpha gene expression by a STAT6 and CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein-dependent mechanism.","volume":"170","author":"AM Stutz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030932","article-title":"Alveolar macrophage-mediated killing of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris involves molecular recognition by the Dectin-1 beta-glucan receptor.","volume":"198","author":"C Steele","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80596-8","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the MyD88 gene results in loss of IL-1- and IL-18-mediated function.","volume":"9","author":"O Adachi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v24.i3.30","article-title":"The role of Dectin-1 in antifungal immunity.","volume":"24","author":"J Herre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00998-08","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 9 modulates immune responses to Aspergillus fumigatus conidia in immunodeficient and allergic mice.","volume":"77","author":"H Ramaprakash","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021787","article-title":"Collaborative induction of inflammatory responses by dectin-1 and Toll-like receptor 2.","volume":"197","author":"BN Gantner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5000","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.10.5000","article-title":"Elimination of mouse splenic macrophages correlates with increased susceptibility to experimental disseminated candidiasis.","volume":"152","author":"Q Qian","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90012-4","article-title":"Liposome mediated depletion of macrophages: mechanism of action, preparation of liposomes and applications.","volume":"174","author":"N Van Rooijen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080314","article-title":"Protective influenza-specific CD8 T cell responses require interactions with dendritic cells in the lungs.","volume":"205","author":"J McGill","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.05.007","article-title":"Alternative activation of macrophages: mechanism and functions.","volume":"32","author":"S Gordon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-396-7_12","article-title":"Derivation and characterization of murine alternatively activated (M2) macrophages.","volume":"531","author":"VW Ho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(04)00107-4","article-title":"Alternative macrophage activation is essential for survival during schistosomiasis and downmodulates T helper 1 responses and immunopathology.","volume":"20","author":"DR Herbert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80477-X","article-title":"IL-13, IL-4Ralpha, and Stat6 are required for the expulsion of the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.","volume":"8","author":"JF Urban Jr","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.6.3926","article-title":"Alternative activation is an innate response to injury that requires CD4+ T cells to be sustained during chronic infection.","volume":"179","author":"P Loke","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(02)00225-0","article-title":"Macrophages in chronic type 2 inflammation have a novel phenotype characterized by the abundant expression of Ym1 and Fizz1 that can be partly replicated in vitro.","volume":"85","author":"MG Nair","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.948","article-title":"Dependence of IL-4, IL-13, and nematode-induced alterations in murine small intestinal smooth muscle contractility on Stat6 and enteric nerves.","volume":"171","author":"A Zhao","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5367","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.8.5367","article-title":"IL-13 induces disease-promoting type 2 cytokines, alternatively activated macrophages and allergic inflammation during pulmonary infection of mice with Cryptococcus neoformans.","volume":"179","author":"U Muller","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6168","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.6168","article-title":"Alternatively activated myeloid cells limit pathogenicity associated with African trypanosomiasis through the IL-10 inducible gene selenoprotein P.","volume":"180","author":"T Bosschaerts","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4022","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-106278","article-title":"Helminth 2-Cys peroxiredoxin drives Th2 responses through a mechanism involving alternatively activated macrophages.","volume":"22","author":"S Donnelly","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0491(95)02138-8","article-title":"Comparative properties of arginases.","volume":"114","author":"CP Jenkinson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.53.070184.003533","article-title":"Polyamines.","volume":"53","author":"CW Tabor","year":"1984","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.1999_4172","article-title":"Structure of the arginase coding gene and its transcript in Aspergillus nidulans.","volume":"46","author":"P Borsuk","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2007.07.001","article-title":"Arginine catabolism in Aspergillus nidulans is regulated by the rrmA gene coding for the RNA-binding protein.","volume":"44","author":"A Olszewska","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fungal Genet Biol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.9.1237","article-title":"Natural resistance to intracellular infections: natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) functions as a pH-dependent manganese transporter at the phagosomal membrane.","volume":"192","author":"N Jabado","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11007","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1834481100","article-title":"Phagocytosis by neutrophils induces an amino acid deprivation response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans.","volume":"100","author":"I Rubin-Bejerano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.2.854","article-title":"Dynamics of dendritic cell phenotype and interactions with CD4+ T cells in airway inflammation and tolerance.","volume":"174","author":"TB Oriss","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1766","article-title":"Activation of c-Kit in dendritic cells regulates T helper cell differentiation and allergic asthma.","volume":"14","author":"N Krishnamoorthy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6690","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708809105","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in lung dendritic cells promotes Th2 responses and allergic inflammation.","volume":"105","author":"H Xu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3474","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.12.3474-3481.2001","article-title":"Quantitative PCR assay to measure Aspergillus fumigatus burden in a murine model of disseminated aspergillosis: demonstration of efficacy of caspofungin acetate.","volume":"45","author":"JC Bowman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.3.1362","article-title":"Dendritic cells transport conidia and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus from the airways to the draining lymph nodes and initiate disparate Th responses to the fungus.","volume":"168","author":"S Bozza","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015943","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T19:26:45Z","timestamp":1712086005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015943"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jane","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0015943","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]]}}}