{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T09:29:48Z","timestamp":1792315788037,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310428800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T20:55:35Z","timestamp":1310504135000},"page":"e22140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["War and Bereavement: Consequences for Mental and Physical Distress"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Nexhmedin","family":"Morina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"von Lersner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly G.","family":"Prigerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"The impact of war on children: a review of progress since the 1996 United Nations Report on the impact of armed conflict on children","author":"G Machel","year":"2001"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.5.579","article-title":"War and children.","volume":"296","author":"ID Wexler","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/13623690802568913","article-title":"Prevalence of mental disorders among children exposed to war: a systematic review of 7,920 children.","volume":"25","author":"V Attanayake","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Confl Surviv"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200401000-00012","article-title":"Review of child and adolescent refugee mental health.","volume":"43","author":"SL Lustig","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.37","article-title":"Mental disorders following war in the Balkans: A study in 5 countries.","volume":"2010 67","author":"S Priebe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1132","article-title":"Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"302","author":"Z Steel","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1006\/jado.2001.0379","article-title":"Adolescents' bereavement experiences. Prevalence, association with depressive symptoms, and use of services.","volume":"24","author":"L Harrison","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Adolesc"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199007000-00002","article-title":"Early childhood bereavement.","volume":"29","author":"EM Kranzler","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.5.403","article-title":"Antecedents and sequelae of sudden parental death in offspring and surviving caregivers.","volume":"162","author":"NM Melhem","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref10","first-page":"514","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity, violent crime, and suicide among children and adolescents exposed to parental death.","volume":"49","author":"HC Wilcox","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.08081244","article-title":"The incidence and course of depression in bereaved youth 21 months after the loss of a parent to suicide, accident, or sudden natural death.","volume":"166","author":"D Brent","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9603","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61816-9","article-title":"Health outcomes of bereavement.","volume":"370","author":"M Stroebe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.1.22","article-title":"Complicated grief and bereavement-related depression as distinct disorders: preliminary empirical validation in elderly bereaved spouses.","volume":"152","author":"HG Prigerson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.174.1.67","article-title":"Consensus criteria for traumatic grief. A preliminary empirical test.","volume":"174","author":"HG Prigerson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.2.202","article-title":"Treatment of bereavement-related major depressive episodes in later life: a controlled study of acute and continuation treatment with nortriptyline and interpersonal psychotherapy.","volume":"156","author":"CF Reynolds 3rd","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.21.2601","article-title":"Treatment of complicated grief - A randomized controlled trial.","volume":"293","author":"K Shear","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.116.2.342","article-title":"Is there more to complicated grief than depression and posttraumatic stress disorder? A test of incremental validity.","volume":"116","author":"GA Bonanno","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Abnor Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.5.616","article-title":"Traumatic grief as a risk factor for mental and physical morbidity.","volume":"154","author":"HG Prigerson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.12.1994","article-title":"Influence of traumatic grief on suicidal ideation among young adults.","volume":"156","author":"HG Prigerson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000121","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000121","article-title":"Prolonged grief disorder: psychometric validation of criteria proposed for DSM-V and ICD-11.","volume":"6","author":"HG Prigerson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plos Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2004.07.013","article-title":"Complicated grief in Bosnian refugees: Associations with posttraumatic stress disorder and depression.","volume":"45","author":"S Momartin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764008101638","article-title":"Prolonged grief disorder, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder among bereaved Kosovar civilian war survivors. A preliminary investigation.","volume":"56","author":"N Morina","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9165","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)04433-5","article-title":"Caring for ethnic Albanians in Macedonia's refugee camps.","volume":"353","author":"T Agovino","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2008.06.006","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life.","volume":"23","author":"TB Kashdan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Anx Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.569","article-title":"Mental health, social functioning, and attitudes of Kosovar Albanians following the War in Kosovo.","volume":"284","author":"BL Cardozo","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10.","volume":"59","author":"DV Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83296-8","article-title":"The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). A short diagnostic structured interview: Reliability and validity according to the CIDI.","volume":"12","author":"Y Lecrubier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83297-X","article-title":"The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability.","volume":"12","author":"DV Sheehan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Versioni shqip i [Albanian version of the] Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview","author":"N Morina","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Mental and physical health of Kosovar Albanians in their place of origin: a post-war 6-year follow-up study.","author":"A Eytan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764008090505","article-title":"Complex sequelae of psychological trauma among Kosovar civilian war victims.","volume":"54","author":"N Morina","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.673","article-title":"Psychopathology and Well-Being in Civilian Survivors of War Seeking Treatment: A Follow-Up Study.","volume":"17","author":"N Morina","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200203000-00008","article-title":"The PHQ-15: validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms.","volume":"64","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-009-0160-z","article-title":"Somatic distress among Kosovar civilian war survivors: relationship to trauma exposure and the mediating role of experiential avoidance.","volume":"45","author":"N Morina","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"User's guide to the general health questionnaire","author":"D Goldberg","year":"1988"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1819.2003.01135.x","article-title":"Factor structure of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire in the Japanese general adult population.","volume":"57","author":"Y Doi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e318093ed2c","article-title":"Longitudinal study of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and changes in traumatic memories over time in Bosnian refugees.","volume":"195","author":"RF Mollica","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.5.555","article-title":"Lifetime events and posttraumatic stress disorder in 4 postconflict settings.","volume":"286","author":"JT de Jong","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.09.003","article-title":"Childhood trauma and health outcomes in adults with comorbid substance abuse and mental health disorders.","volume":"35","author":"NS Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.5.571","article-title":"Mental health of Cambodian refugees 2 decades after resettlement in the United States.","volume":"294","author":"GN Marshall","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.07.002","article-title":"A case for establishing complicated grief as a distinct mental disorder in DSM-V.","volume":"24","author":"WG Lichtenthal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0022140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T17:24:56Z","timestamp":1712597096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0022140"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jerson","family":"Laks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0022140","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]]}}}