{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:16:22Z","timestamp":1790054182272,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]],"date-time":"2011-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1318377600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]],"date-time":"2011-10-12T20:56:59Z","timestamp":1318453019000},"page":"e26154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Illusory Contours over Pathological Retinal Scotomas"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"De Stefani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Pinello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Mazzarolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lo Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Casco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(69)90092-3","article-title":"The filling-in process in patients with retinal scotomata.","volume":"9","author":"HJ Gerrits","year":"1969","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"6365","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/356115a0","article-title":"Filling-in the blind spot.","volume":"356","author":"VS Ramachandran","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6320","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1038\/350699a0","article-title":"Perceptual filling-in of artificially induced scotomas in human vision.","volume":"350","author":"VS Ramachandran","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10564-002","article-title":"Filling-in versus finding out: A ubiquitous confusion in cognitive science.","author":"DC Dennett","year":"1992"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1869","article-title":"The neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in.","volume":"7","author":"H Komatsu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1037\/h0084327","article-title":"Solving the \u201creal\u201d mysteries of visual perception: The world as an outside memory.","volume":"46","author":"JK O'Regan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Can J Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X98001757","article-title":"Finding out about filling-in: A guide to perceptual completion for visual science and the philosophy of perception.","volume":"21","author":"L Pessoa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"issue":"6551","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/377731a0","article-title":"Responses of cells in monkey visual cortex during perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma.","volume":"377","author":"P De Weerd","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9310","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-24-09310.2000","article-title":"Neural responses in the retinotopic representation of the blind spot in the macaque V1 to stimuli for perceptual filling-in.","volume":"20","author":"H Komatsu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(02)00149-9","article-title":"Neural responses in the primary visual cortex of the monkey during perceptual filling-in at the blind spot.","volume":"44","author":"H Komatsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8547","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.18.8547","article-title":"Dynamic surrounds of receptive fields in primate striate cortex: a physiological basis for perceptual completion?","volume":"89","author":"M Fiorani","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2374","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00811.2004","article-title":"Neural responses in the macaque V1 to bar stimuli with various lengths presented on the blind spot.","volume":"93","author":"M Matsumoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2006.08.033","article-title":"Perceptual filling-in from the edge of the blind spot.","volume":"46","author":"L Spillmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2006.07.005","article-title":"Macular Hole: perceptual filling-in across central scotomas.","volume":"46","author":"W Wittich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(03)00038-5","article-title":"Filling-in of retinal scotomas.","volume":"43","author":"D Zur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"52","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18251","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406293102","article-title":"The primary visual cortex fills in color.","volume":"101","author":"Y Sasaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6834","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/35075583","article-title":"Interocular rivalry revealed in the human cortical blind-spot representation.","volume":"411","author":"F Tong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1518","article-title":"Filling-in of visual phantoms in the human brain.","volume":"8","author":"M Meng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.1.91","article-title":"Illusory contours do not pass through the "blind spot".","volume":"19","author":"M Maertens","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref20","first-page":"1464","article-title":"Spatial Alignment over Retinal Scotomas. Investigative Ophthalmology Vis Sci.","volume":"50","author":"MD Crossland","year":"2009"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref21","first-page":"1917","article-title":"Looking behind a pathological blind spot in human retina.","volume":"39","author":"SP Tripathy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211730","article-title":"Preattentive and cognitive effects on perceptual completion at the blind spot.","volume":"53","author":"RJ Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"Percept Psychophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523804041082","article-title":"Artificial scotoma-induced perceptual distortions are orientation dependent and short lived.","volume":"21","author":"C Tailby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vis Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(92)90053-L","article-title":"Dynamic noise backgrounds facilitate target fading.","volume":"32","author":"L Spillman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1068\/p270203","article-title":"Long-range twinkle induction: an achromatic rebound effect in the magnocellular processing system?","volume":"27","author":"CW Tyler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Perception"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.01.028","article-title":"Induced internal noise in perceptual artificial scotomas created by surrounding dynamic noise.","volume":"47","author":"P Mihaylov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(99)00215-1","article-title":"Dynamic random noise shrinks the twinkling aftereffect induced by artificial scotomas.","volume":"40","author":"LN Reich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(94)90295-X","article-title":"Long-range dichoptic interactions in the human visual cortex in the region corresponding to the blind spot.","volume":"34","author":"SP Tripathy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0476-48","article-title":"Subjective contours.","volume":"234","author":"K Kanizsa","year":"1976","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1162\/089892905774597209","article-title":"fMRI reveals a common neural substrate of illusory and real contours in V1 after perceptual learning.","volume":"17","author":"M Maertens","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.09.002.2008","article-title":"Retinotopic activation in response to subjective contours in primary visual cortex.","volume":"2","author":"M Maertens","year":"2008","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.2307\/2981577","article-title":"Tests of significance for 2\u00d72 contingency tables.","volume":"147","author":"F Yates","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2007.07.010","article-title":"Relationship between slow visual processing and reading speed in people with macular degeneration.","volume":"47","author":"AM Cheong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-01-00451.1994","article-title":"A quantitative measure for short-term cortical plasticity in human vision.","volume":"14","author":"MK Kapadia","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.83.2.137","article-title":"The \u201cthin man\u201d phenomenon: a sign of cortical plasticity following inferior homonymous paracentral scotomas.","volume":"83","author":"A Safran","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"S214","article-title":"Altered perception of distances with homonymous paracentral scotomas.","volume":"36","author":"AB Safran","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00587.x","article-title":"Plasticity in adult cat visual cortex (area 17) following circumscribed monocular lesions of all retinal layers.","volume":"524","author":"MB Calford","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-03-01631.1995","article-title":"Topographic reorganization in the striate cortex of the adult cat and monkey is cortically mediated.","volume":"15","author":"C Darian-Smith","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6365","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/356150a0","article-title":"Receptive field dynamics in adult primary visual cortex.","volume":"356","author":"TN Gilbert","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(92)90021-A","article-title":"Rapid reorganization of cortical maps in adult cats following restricted deafferentation in retina.","volume":"32","author":"YM Chino","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"4952","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2326637","article-title":"Reorganization of retinotopic cortical maps in adult mammals after lesions of the retina.","volume":"248","author":"JH Kaas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229845","article-title":"Recovery of visual responses in foveal V1 neurons following bilateral foveal lesions in adult monkey.","volume":"83","author":"SJ Heinen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8366","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.17.8366","article-title":"Dynamic changes in receptive-field size in cat primary visual cortex.","volume":"89","author":"MW Pettet","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3476-04.2005","article-title":"Reorganization of visual processing in macular degeneration.","volume":"25","author":"CI Baker","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2008.05.020","article-title":"Reorganization of visual processing in macular degeneration: replication and clues about the role of foveal loss.","volume":"48","author":"CI Baker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm256","article-title":"V1 projection zone signals in human macular degeneration depend on task, not stimulus.","volume":"18","author":"Y Masuda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/nn817","article-title":"Reorganization of human cortical maps caused by inherited photoreceptor abnormalities.","volume":"5","author":"HA Baseler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.12.050","article-title":"Retinotopic mapping of the visual cortex using functional magnetic resonance imaging in a patient with central scotomas from atrophic macular degeneration.","volume":"111","author":"JS Sunness","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800008798","article-title":"Perceptual filling-in at the scotoma following a monocular retinal lesion in the monkey.","volume":"14","author":"I Murakami","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vis Neurosci"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"ref50","first-page":"391","article-title":"Reorganization of visual processing is related to eccentric viewing in patients with macular degeneration.","volume":"26","author":"EH Schumacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5258-08.2009","article-title":"Reorganization of visual processing in macular degeneration is not specific to the \u201cPreferred Retinal Locus\u201d.","volume":"29","author":"DD Dilks","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523803205046","article-title":"Hyper-vision in a patient with central and paracentral vision loss reflects cortical reorganization.","volume":"20","author":"C Casco","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vis Neurosci"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"187","article-title":"The design of a new letter chart for measuring contrast sensitivity.","volume":"2","author":"DG Pelli","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Vision Sci"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Probit analysis 3rd edn.","author":"DJ Finney","year":"1971"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Statistical methods for psychology (7th edition).","author":"DC Howell DC Howell","year":"2009"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0026154","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T11:22:43Z","timestamp":1560770563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0026154"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Chris I.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0026154","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]}}}