{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T06:18:10Z","timestamp":1762323490384},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T20:59:10Z","timestamp":1335905950000},"page":"e35266","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Impaired Small-World Network Efficiency and Dynamic Functional Distribution in Patients with Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Tun-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changwei W.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Fan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hsien","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Hung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Che","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching-Po","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007240","article-title":"Brain edema and hepatic encephalopathy.","volume":"16","author":"J Cordoba","year":"1996","journal-title":"Seminars in liver disease"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03964.x","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy.","volume":"96","author":"AT Blei","year":"2001","journal-title":"The American journal of gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200060060-00008","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis and management.","volume":"60","author":"T Gerber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014000313824","article-title":"Correlations between cerebral glucose metabolism and neuropsychological test performance in nonalcoholic cirrhotics.","volume":"17","author":"AH Lockwood","year":"2002","journal-title":"Metabolic Brain Disease"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528909093050","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and liver function in patients with encephalopathy due to acute and chronic liver diseases.","volume":"24","author":"T Almdal","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(99)00080-7","article-title":"Regional differences in cerebral glucose metabolism in cirrhotic patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy using positron emission tomography.","volume":"17","author":"A Kato","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology research"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1991.66","article-title":"Altered cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism in patients with liver disease and minimal encephalopathy.","volume":"11","author":"A Lockwood","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.04.020","article-title":"Top-down and bottom-up processes in the extrastriate cortex of cirrhotic patients: an ERP study.","volume":"117","author":"S Schiff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical neurophysiology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00768.x","article-title":"Brain \u03b1-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex: Kinetic Properties, Regional Distribution, and Effects of Inhibitors.","volume":"47","author":"JCK Lai","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of neurochemistry"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.01.038","article-title":"Neural mechanism underlying impaired visual judgement in the dysmetabolic brain: an fMRI study.","volume":"22","author":"O Zafiris","year":"2004","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0030017","article-title":"Efficiency and cost of economical brain functional networks.","volume":"3","author":"S Achard","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Computational Biology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2374","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn003","article-title":"Revealing Modular Architecture of Human Brain Structural Networks by Using Cortical Thickness from MRI.","volume":"18","author":"ZJ Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15684","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2308-09.2009","article-title":"Age- and Gender-Related Differences in the Cortical Anatomical Network.","volume":"29","author":"G Gong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e159","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060159","article-title":"Mapping the structural core of human cerebral cortex.","volume":"6","author":"P Hagmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp089","article-title":"Impaired small-world efficiency in structural cortical networks in multiple sclerosis associated with white matter lesion load.","volume":"132","author":"Y He","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.10.003","article-title":"Complex network measures of brain connectivity: Uses and interpretations.","volume":"52","author":"M Rubinov","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.01.028","article-title":"Surface area and cortical thickness descriptors reveal different attributes of the structural human brain networks.","volume":"50","author":"G Sanabria-Diaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.03.011","article-title":"The effect and reproducibility of different clinical DTI gradient sets on small world brain connectivity measures.","volume":"51","author":"MJ Vaessen","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1385\/NI:2:2:145","article-title":"The small world of the cerebral cortex.","volume":"2","author":"O Sporns","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroinformatics"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3874-05.2006","article-title":"A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs.","volume":"26","author":"S Achard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32832d93dd","article-title":"Human brain networks in health and disease.","volume":"22","author":"DS Bassett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2005.1645","article-title":"Undirected graphs of frequency-dependent functional connectivity in whole brain networks.","volume":"360","author":"R Salvador","year":"2005","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4756","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0141-08.2008","article-title":"Structural Insights into Aberrant Topological Patterns of Large-Scale Cortical Networks in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease.","volume":"28","author":"Y He","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj127","article-title":"Small-world networks and functional connectivity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"17","author":"C Stam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.09.062","article-title":"Age-related changes in modular organization of human brain functional networks.","volume":"44","author":"D Meunier","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21114","article-title":"Demonstration of interstitial cerebral edema with diffusion tensor MR imaging in type C hepatic encephalopathy.","volume":"43","author":"RA Kale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817","article-title":"Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices.","volume":"60","author":"R Pugh","year":"1973","journal-title":"British Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01072921","article-title":"Neomycin-sorbitol and lactulose in the treatment of acute portal-systemic encephalopathy.","volume":"23","author":"CE Atterbury","year":"1978","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.31250","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy \u2013 definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998.","volume":"35","author":"P Ferenci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2001.02487.x","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis.","volume":"16","author":"A Das","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"DPARSF: a MATLAB toolbox for pipeline data analysis of resting-state fMRI.","volume":"4","author":"Y Chao-Gan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340409","article-title":"Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo-planar MRI.","volume":"34","author":"B Biswal","year":"1995","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1997.0315","article-title":"Functional connectivity in single and multislice echoplanar imaging using resting-state fluctuations.","volume":"7","author":"M Lowe","year":"1998","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20577","article-title":"The effect of respiration variations on independent component analysis results of resting state functional connectivity.","volume":"29","author":"RM Birn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50052","article-title":"Selective increase of brain lactate synthesis in experimental acute liver failure: results of a [H-C] nuclear magnetic resonance study,.","volume":"37","author":"C Zwingmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0978","article-title":"Automated anatomical labeling of activations in SPM using a macroscopic anatomical parcellation of the MNI MRI single-subject brain.","volume":"15","author":"N Tzourio-Mazoyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.87.198701","article-title":"Efficient Behavior of Small-World Networks.","volume":"87","author":"V Latora","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physical Review Letters"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20012","article-title":"Modulation of functional connectivity during the resting state and the motor task.","volume":"22","author":"T Jiang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20623","article-title":"Parcellation-dependent small-world brain functional networks: A resting-state fMRI study.","volume":"30","author":"J Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19608","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019608","article-title":"The Overlapping Community Structure of Structural Brain Network in Young Healthy Individuals.","volume":"6","author":"K Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1049","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001049","article-title":"Identification and classification of hubs in brain networks.","volume":"2","author":"O Sporns","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5395.1846","article-title":"Consciousness and complexity.","volume":"282","author":"G Tononi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2006.06.028","article-title":"Small-world networks and disturbed functional connectivity in schizophrenia.","volume":"87","author":"S Micheloyannis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2008.07.002","article-title":"The effects of neuron heterogeneity and connection mechanism in cortical networks.","volume":"387","author":"Q Zhao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.05.018","article-title":"Disturbed functional connectivity in brain tumour patients: evaluation by graph analysis of synchronization matrices.","volume":"117","author":"F Bartolomei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical neurophysiology"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-10-101","article-title":"Functional neural network analysis in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease using EEG and graph theory.","volume":"10","author":"W De Haan","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC neuroscience"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn262","article-title":"Graph theoretical analysis of magnetoencephalographic functional connectivity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"132","author":"C Stam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8081","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008081","article-title":"Long-term effects of temporal lobe epilepsy on local neural networks: a graph theoretical analysis of corticography recordings.","volume":"4","author":"E Van Dellen","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8220","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008220","article-title":"Resting network plasticity following brain injury.","volume":"4","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5062-08.2009","article-title":"Cortical Hubs Revealed by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity: Mapping, Assessment of Stability, and Relation to Alzheimer\u2019s Disease.","volume":"29","author":"RL Buckner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"33","article-title":"Marked reduction of cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients with advanced cirrhosis: a positron emission tomography study.","volume":"83","author":"T Kawatoko","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi\u200a=\u200a Hukuoka acta medica"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92920-W","article-title":"Regional cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in patients with chronic liver disease.","volume":"337","author":"R O\u2019Carroll","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"170","article-title":"SPECT scan and cognitive findings in subclinical hepatic encephalopathy.","volume":"6","author":"P Trzepacz","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-005-7911-7","article-title":"Mechanisms of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling.","volume":"20","author":"M Norenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Metabolic Brain Disease"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-007-9068-z","article-title":"Energy metabolism in brain cells: effects of elevated ammonia concentrations.","volume":"22","author":"L Hertz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Metabolic Brain Disease"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000264873.62313.81","article-title":"Neurophysiologic analyses of low-and high-level visual processing in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"68","author":"R Fernandez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1009","article-title":"Mapping brain asymmetry.","volume":"4","author":"AW Toga","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171022","article-title":"Revisiting the foundations of network analysis.","volume":"325","author":"CT Butts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.09.020","article-title":"Resting-state functional connectivity in major depression: abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus.","volume":"62","author":"MD Greicius","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biological psychiatry"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0035266","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T18:48:54Z","timestamp":1540320534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0035266"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Baron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0035266","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]}}}