{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:46:35Z","timestamp":1792658795658,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]],"date-time":"2012-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335484800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]],"date-time":"2012-04-27T21:10:18Z","timestamp":1335561018000},"page":"e36039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["High Incidence of Unplanned Pregnancy after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Sheree R.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Rees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem Daniel Francois","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taha E.","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"PMTCT strategic vision 2010\u20132015: preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV to reach the UNGASS and Millennium Development Goals","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131353.06784.8f","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in eight African countries.","volume":"18","author":"MD Sweat","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000194602.01058.e1","article-title":"The value of contraception to prevent perinatal HIV transmission.","volume":"33","author":"HW Reynolds","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S89","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000363781.50580.03","article-title":"Successful increase in contraceptive uptake among Kenyan HIV-1-serodiscordant couples enrolled in an HIV-1 prevention trial.","volume":"23","author":"K Ngure","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13868","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013868","article-title":"Contraceptive use and method preference among women in Soweto, South Africa: the influence of expanding access to HIV care and treatment services.","volume":"5","author":"A Kaida","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9550-1","article-title":"Fertility intentions and reproductive health care needs of people living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: implications for integrating reproductive health and HIV care services.","volume":"13","author":"D Cooper","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS and behavior"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.177469","article-title":"Childbearing intentions of HIV-positive women of reproductive age in Soweto, South Africa: the influence of expanding access to HAART in an HIV hyperendemic setting.","volume":"101","author":"A Kaida","year":"2011","journal-title":"American journal of public health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9537-y","article-title":"A systematic review of factors influencing fertility desires and intentions among people living with HIV\/AIDS: implications for policy and service delivery.","volume":"13","author":"B Nattabi","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS and behavior"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09381-1","article-title":"Population-based study of fertility in women with HIV-1 infection in Uganda.","volume":"351","author":"RH Gray","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000229","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000229","article-title":"Impact of antiretroviral therapy on incidence of pregnancy among HIV-infected women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a cohort study.","volume":"7","author":"L Myer","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS medicine"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4149","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004149","article-title":"Reproductive intentions and outcomes among women on antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"4","author":"J Homsy","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32834041b7","article-title":"Women's morbidity and mortality in the first 2 years after delivery according to HIV status.","volume":"24","author":"A Coutsoudis","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200204150-00009","article-title":"Combination antiretroviral strategies for the treatment of pregnant HIV-1-infected women and prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission.","volume":"29","author":"ER Cooper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes"},{"key":"ref15","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090","article-title":"A modified poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data.","volume":"159","author":"G Zou","year":"2004","journal-title":"American journal of epidemiology"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"High Pregnancy Intentions and Missed Opportunities for Patient-Provider Communication About Fertility in a South African Cohort of HIV-Positive Women on Antiretroviral Therapy.","author":"SR Schwartz","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS and behavior"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696","article-title":"Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys.","author":"DB Rubin","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of BufferGel and 0.5% PRO2000 gel for the prevention of HIV infection in women.","author":"SS Abdool Karim","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519492","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/519492","article-title":"Associations between HIV Antiretroviral Therapy and the Prevalence and Incidence of Pregnancy in Rakai, Uganda.","volume":"2011","author":"FE Makumbi","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS research and treatment"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1258\/09564620260079617","article-title":"Contraceptive use, protected sexual intercourse and incidence of pregnancies among African HIV-infected women. DITRAME ANRS 049 Project, Abidjan 1995\u20132000.","volume":"13","author":"A Desgr\u00e9es-Du-Lo\u00fb","year":"2002","journal-title":"International journal of STD & AIDS"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000245442.29969.5c","article-title":"Effects of human immunodeficiency virus on protracted amenorrhea and ovarian dysfunction.","volume":"108","author":"HE Cejtin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstetrics and gynecology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181bc4869","article-title":"Pregnancy, contraceptive use, and HIV acquisition in HPTN 039: relevance for HIV prevention trials among African women.","volume":"53","author":"SE Reid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.03.031","article-title":"A randomized trial of the intrauterine contraceptive device vs hormonal contraception in women who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.","volume":"197","author":"EM Stringer","year":"2007","journal-title":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3280117c8b","article-title":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition.","volume":"21","author":"CS Morrison","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833b3282","article-title":"Effect of hormonal contraceptive use on HIV progression in female HIV seroconverters in Rakai, Uganda.","volume":"24","author":"CB Polis","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/13625180701829952","article-title":"Effects of HIV antiretrovirals on the pharmacokinetics of hormonal contraceptives.","volume":"13","author":"SY El-Ibiary","year":"2008","journal-title":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care: the official journal of the European Society of Contraception"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort study.","author":"R Heffron","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Contraceptive efficacy.","author":"J Trussell","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0036039","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T20:56:13Z","timestamp":1594068973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0036039"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Katharina","family":"Kranzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0036039","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]]}}}