{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T17:36:55Z","timestamp":1773509815674,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]],"date-time":"2012-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337126400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,17]],"date-time":"2012-05-17T13:18:24Z","timestamp":1337260704000},"page":"e37415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Susceptibility of Human Lymphoid Tissue Cultured ex vivo to Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus (XMRV) Infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Curriu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Massanella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabet","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"Cunyat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Wienberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Carrato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Areal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Bofill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonaventura","family":"Clotet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e0","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020025","article-title":"Identification of a novel Gammaretrovirus in prostate tumors of patients homozygous for R462Q RNASEL variant.","volume":"2","author":"A Urisman","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1086\/656146","article-title":"Detection of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus in normal and tumor tissue of patients from the southern United States with prostate cancer is dependent on specific polymerase chain reaction conditions.","volume":"202","author":"BP Danielson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16351","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906922106","article-title":"XMRV is present in malignant prostatic epithelium and is associated with prostate cancer, especially high-grade tumors.","volume":"106","author":"R Schlaberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9964","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01299-08","article-title":"Integration site preference of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus, a new human retrovirus associated with prostate cancer.","volume":"82","author":"S Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.01.038","article-title":"XMRV infection in patients with prostate cancer: novel serologic assay and correlation with PCR and FISH.","volume":"75","author":"RS Arnold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6995","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00268-09","article-title":"Fibrils of prostatic acid phosphatase fragments boost infections with XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus), a human retrovirus associated with prostate cancer.","volume":"83","author":"S Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610291104","article-title":"An infectious retrovirus susceptible to an IFN antiviral pathway from human prostate tumors.","volume":"104","author":"B Dong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.04.016","article-title":"Prevalence of human gammaretrovirus XMRV in sporadic prostate cancer.","volume":"43","author":"N Fischer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19065","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019065","article-title":"No association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related viruses with prostate cancer.","volume":"6","author":"WM Switzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21255","article-title":"Prevalence of human xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related gammaretrovirus (XMRV) in Dutch prostate cancer patients.","volume":"71","author":"GW Verhaegh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1086\/657167","article-title":"Failure to detect xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus in blood of individuals at high risk of blood-borne viral infections.","volume":"202","author":"E Barnes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-6-92","article-title":"Lack of evidence for xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus(XMRV) in German prostate cancer patients.","volume":"6","author":"O Hohn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20680","article-title":"A molecular analysis of prokaryotic and viral DNA sequences in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer indicates the presence of multiple and diverse microorganisms.","volume":"68","author":"KS Sfanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2011.01.005","article-title":"No difference in antibody titers against xenotropic MLV related virus in prostate cancer cases and cancer-free controls.","volume":"25","author":"S Sabunciyan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cell Probes"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"No evidence for a role of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus and BK virus in prostate cancer of German patients.","author":"B Akgul","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.08.018","article-title":"No detectable XMRV in subjects with chronic fatigue syndrome from Quebec.","author":"M Cool","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25592","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025592","article-title":"No detection of XMRV in blood samples and tissue sections from prostate cancer patients in Northern Europe.","volume":"6","author":"K Stieler","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-10-326","article-title":"Identification of viral infections in the prostate and evaluation of their association with cancer.","volume":"10","author":"ML Martinez-Fierro","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10028","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2837","article-title":"XMRV: a new virus in prostate cancer?","volume":"70","author":"AL Aloia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1179052","article-title":"Detection of an infectious retrovirus, XMRV, in blood cells of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.","volume":"326","author":"VC Lombardi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1606.100066","article-title":"Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related gammaretrovirus in respiratory tract.","volume":"16","author":"N Fischer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15874","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006901107","article-title":"Detection of MLV-related virus gene sequences in blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy blood donors.","volume":"107","author":"SC Lo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8519","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008519","article-title":"Failure to detect the novel retrovirus XMRV in chronic fatigue syndrome.","volume":"5","author":"O Erlwein","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-10","article-title":"Absence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in UK patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.","volume":"7","author":"HC Groom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1086\/657168","article-title":"Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus prevalence in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome or chronic immunomodulatory conditions.","volume":"202","author":"TJ Henrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-57","article-title":"Absence of evidence of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus infection in persons with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy controls in the United States.","volume":"7","author":"WM Switzer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Absence of XMRV and other MLV-related viruses in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.","author":"CH Shin","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-8-12","article-title":"Serologic and PCR testing of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome in the United States shows no association with xenotropic or polytropic murine leukemia virus-related viruses.","volume":"8","author":"BC Satterfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-224","article-title":"Failure to detect Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.","volume":"7","author":"P Hong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Absence of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus in blood donors in China.","author":"Z Mi","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204963","article-title":"No evidence of murine-like gammaretroviruses in CFS patients previously identified as XMRV-infected.","volume":"333","author":"K Knox","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Editorial Expression of Concern.","author":"B Alberts","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"176","article-title":"Partial retraction. Detection of an infectious retrovirus, XMRV, in blood cells of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.","volume":"334","author":"RH Silverman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1126\/science.334.6063.1636-a","article-title":"Retraction.","volume":"334","author":"B Alberts","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119641109","article-title":"Retraction for Lo et al., Detection of MLV-related virus gene sequences in blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy blood donors.","volume":"109","author":"SC Lo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-111","article-title":"Disease-associated XMRV sequences are consistent with laboratory contamination.","volume":"7","author":"S Hue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-109","article-title":"Contamination of human DNA samples with mouse DNA can lead to false detection of XMRV-like sequences.","volume":"7","author":"B Oakes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-108","article-title":"Mouse DNA contamination in human tissue tested for XMRV.","volume":"7","author":"MJ Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-110","article-title":"An endogenous murine leukemia viral genome contaminant in a commercial RT-PCR kit is amplified using standard primers for XMRV.","volume":"7","author":"E Sato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-7-112","article-title":"Contamination of clinical specimens with MLV-encoding nucleic acids: implications for XMRV and other candidate human retroviruses.","volume":"7","author":"RA Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of MLV sequences from longitudinally sampled Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients suggests PCR contamination rather than viral evolution.","author":"A Katzourakis","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"631","article-title":"Presence of murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related virus gene sequences in a commercial RT-PCR reagent.","volume":"57","author":"D Wolff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23484","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023484","article-title":"DNA extraction columns contaminated with murine sequences.","volume":"6","author":"O Erlwein","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19953","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019953","article-title":"PCR master mixes harbour murine DNA sequences.","volume":"6","author":"PW Tuke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Caveat emptor! PLoS One"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-8-13","article-title":"Analysis of XMRV integration sites from human prostate cancer tissues suggests PCR contamination rather than genuine human infection.","volume":"8","author":"JA Garson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12830","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05624-11","article-title":"Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in patient-derived retrovirus integration sites reveals contamination from cell lines acutely infected by xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus.","volume":"85","author":"A Rusmevichientong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1205292","article-title":"Recombinant Origin of the Retrovirus XMRV.","author":"T Paprotka","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-999-0115-4","article-title":"A new human prostate carcinoma cell line, 22Rv1.","volume":"35","author":"RM Sramkoski","year":"1999","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.5.394","article-title":"Xenografts of primary human prostatic carcinoma.","volume":"85","author":"TG Pretlow","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"3042","article-title":"CWR22: the first human prostate cancer xenograft with strongly androgen-dependent and relapsed strains both in vivo and in soft agar.","volume":"56","author":"M Nagabhushan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7353","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00546-09","article-title":"Multiple integrated copies and high-level production of the human retrovirus XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus) from 22Rv1 prostate carcinoma cells.","volume":"83","author":"EC Knouf","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0913650107","article-title":"Susceptibility of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) to retroviral restriction factors.","volume":"107","author":"HC Groom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.12.028","article-title":"Host range and cellular tropism of the human exogenous gammaretrovirus XMRV.","volume":"399","author":"K Stieler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4888","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00046-11","article-title":"Severe restriction of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus replication and spread in cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.","volume":"85","author":"C Chaipan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-443","article-title":"Susceptibility of human primary neuronal cells to xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related (XMRV) virus infection.","volume":"8","author":"V Ravichandran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01309661","article-title":"Isolation of a C-type retrovirus from an HIV infected cell line.","volume":"130","author":"G Burtonboy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67617-3","article-title":"Retrovirus type C in the mouse bladder carcinoma cell line MBT-2.","volume":"163","author":"EC De Boer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-004-0501-4","article-title":"Detection of reverse transcriptase activity in human melanoma cell lines and identification of a murine leukemia virus contaminant.","volume":"296","author":"M Deichmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"740","article-title":"Properties of the oncornavirus particles isolated from P3HR-1 and Raji human lymphoblastoid cell lines.","volume":"13","author":"M Kotler","year":"1977","journal-title":"Isr J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9363","article-title":"Constitutive production of a murine retrovirus in the human B-lymphoblastoid cell line, DG-75.","volume":"250","author":"KP Raisch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12585","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01726-08","article-title":"Identification of gammaretroviruses constitutively released from cell lines used for human immunodeficiency virus research.","volume":"82","author":"Y Takeuchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910250207","article-title":"Evidence for type-C retrovirus production by Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell line.","volume":"25","author":"A Yaniv","year":"1980","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8497-0","article-title":"Murine endogenous retroviruses.","volume":"65","author":"C Stocking","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12841","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01863-10","article-title":"Common inbred strains of the laboratory mouse that are susceptible to infection by mouse xenotropic gammaretroviruses and the human-derived retrovirus XMRV.","volume":"84","author":"S Baliji","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.51.1.77-80.1984","article-title":"Laboratory and wild-derived mice with multiple loci for production of xenotropic murine leukemia virus.","volume":"51","author":"CA Kozak","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.3.802","article-title":"Xenotropism: the elusive viral receptor finally uncovered.","volume":"96","author":"JA Levy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/56.2.423","article-title":"Host-range properties of murine xenotropic and ecotropic type-C viruses.","volume":"56","author":"HK Oie","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1976.144","article-title":"C-type virus particles in human tumours transplanted into nude mice.","volume":"34","author":"BG Achong","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.4.2247","article-title":"Highly efficient induction of type C retroviruses by a human tumor in athymic mice.","volume":"77","author":"JW Gautsch","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"99","article-title":"Infectious murine type-C viruses released from human cancer cells transplated into nude mice.","volume":"68","author":"T Suzuki","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.3.859","article-title":"A type-C virus in human rhabdomyosarcoma cells after inoculation into NIH Swiss mice treated with antithymocyte serum.","volume":"70","author":"GJ Todaro","year":"1973","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.12.7.15955","article-title":"Frequent detection of infectious xenotropic murine leukemia virus (XMLV) in human cultures established from mouse xenografts.","volume":"12","author":"YA Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20874","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020874","article-title":"Identification of replication competent murine gammaretroviruses in commonly used prostate cancer cell lines.","volume":"6","author":"KS Sfanos","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090350","article-title":"The APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases: an innate defensive network opposing exogenous retroviruses and endogenous retroelements.","volume":"26","author":"YL Chiu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(03)00353-8","article-title":"HIV-1 Vif blocks the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by impairing both its translation and intracellular stability.","volume":"12","author":"K Stopak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600246","article-title":"A second human antiretroviral factor, APOBEC3F, is suppressed by the HIV-1 and HIV-2 Vif proteins.","volume":"23","author":"HL Wiegand","year":"2004","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6566","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01357-07","article-title":"Interactions of murine APOBEC3 and human APOBEC3G with murine leukemia viruses.","volume":"82","author":"SJ Rulli Jr","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00939","article-title":"Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein.","volume":"418","author":"AM Sheehy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.02.051","article-title":"Inhibition of a yeast LTR retrotransposon by human APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases.","volume":"15","author":"JA Dutko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03238","article-title":"APOBEC3G cytidine deaminase inhibits retrotransposition of endogenous retroviruses.","volume":"433","author":"C Esnault","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00423-9","article-title":"DNA deamination mediates innate immunity to retroviral infection.","volume":"113","author":"RS Harris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01709","article-title":"Broad antiretroviral defence by human APOBEC3G through lethal editing of nascent reverse transcripts.","volume":"424","author":"B Mangeat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5719","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00134-10","article-title":"Inhibition of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus by APOBEC3 proteins and antiviral drugs.","volume":"84","author":"T Paprotka","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11738","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011738","article-title":"Apobec 3G efficiently reduces infectivity of the human exogenous gammaretrovirus XMRV.","volume":"5","author":"K Stieler","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2010.11.011","article-title":"Human APOBEC3 proteins can inhibit xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus infectivity.","volume":"410","author":"HP Bogerd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4547","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02411-10","article-title":"Infection, viral dissemination, and antibody responses of rhesus macaques exposed to the human gammaretrovirus XMRV.","volume":"85","author":"N Onlamoon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06886-11","article-title":"Restricted Replication of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus in Pigtailed Macaques.","volume":"86","author":"GQ Del Prete","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1295-1320","article-title":"Infection of human tonsil histocultures: a model for HIV pathogenesis.","volume":"1","author":"S Glushakova","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1997.13.461","article-title":"Experimental HIV infection of human lymphoid tissue: correlation of CD4+ T cell depletion and virus syncytium-inducing\/non-syncytium-inducing phenotype in histocultures inoculated with laboratory strains and patient isolates of HIV type 1.","volume":"13","author":"S Glushakova","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8280","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.15.8280-8289.2003","article-title":"Pathogenic effects of human herpesvirus 6 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.","volume":"77","author":"JC Grivel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/16.4.400","article-title":"Detecting hypermutations in viral sequences with an emphasis on G\u2192A hypermutation.","volume":"16","author":"PP Rose","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9948","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009948","article-title":"Raltegravir is a potent inhibitor of XMRV, a virus implicated in prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome.","volume":"5","author":"IR Singh","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.11.013","article-title":"Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus is susceptible to AZT.","volume":"397","author":"R Sakuma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5453.646","article-title":"Inhibitors of strand transfer that prevent integration and inhibit HIV-1 replication in cells.","volume":"287","author":"DJ Hazuda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9474","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01089-09","article-title":"Defining APOBEC3 expression patterns in human tissues and hematopoietic cell subsets.","volume":"83","author":"FA Koning","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1089\/088922203763315713","article-title":"Bystander CD4+ T lymphocytes survive in HIV-infected human lymphoid tissue.","volume":"19","author":"JC Grivel","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3281864667","article-title":"HIV-1 pathogenesis differs in rectosigmoid and tonsillar tissues infected ex vivo with CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1.","volume":"21","author":"JC Grivel","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1086\/381153","article-title":"CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 suppresses replication of CCR5-tropic HIV-1 in human lymphoid tissue by selective induction of CC-chemokines.","volume":"189","author":"Y Ito","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref99","first-page":"307","article-title":"Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related Virus-associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Reveals a Distinct Inflammatory Signature.","volume":"25","author":"VC Lombardi","year":"2011","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-81","article-title":"Immunological abnormalities as potential biomarkers in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome\/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis.","volume":"9","author":"EW Brenu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.4.1385","article-title":"A human cell-surface receptor for xenotropic and polytropic murine leukemia viruses: possible role in G protein-coupled signal transduction.","volume":"96","author":"JL Battini","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2556","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01969-09","article-title":"Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus establishes an efficient spreading infection and exhibits enhanced transcriptional activity in prostate carcinoma cells.","volume":"84","author":"JJ Rodriguez","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3086","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3086","article-title":"Leishmania infantum promotes replication of HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue cultured ex vivo by inducing secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha.","volume":"172","author":"C Zhao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0037415","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T19:49:13Z","timestamp":1594151353000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0037415"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"William M.","family":"Switzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0037415","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]}}}