{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:31:55Z","timestamp":1790299915890,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]],"date-time":"2012-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1353456000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]],"date-time":"2012-11-21T23:06:35Z","timestamp":1353539195000},"page":"e49297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Effect of High- versus Low-Intensity Supervised Aerobic and Resistance Training on Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes; The Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn04252749","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn"}],"author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Balducci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvano","family":"Zanuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Cardelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bazuro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Maccora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Iacobini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco G.","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Nicolucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Italian Diabetes Exercise Study (IDES) Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"605","article-title":"Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. N Engl J Med","volume":"314","author":"R Paffenbarger","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"716","article-title":"Walking compared with vigorous exercise for the prevention of cardiovascular events in women. N Engl J Med","volume":"347","author":"JE Manson","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"666","article-title":"Occupational, commuting, and leisure-time physical activity in relation to total and cardiovascular mortality among Finnish subjects with type 2 diabetes. Circulation","volume":"110","author":"G Hu","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1440","article-title":"Relationship of walking to mortality among US adults with diabetes. Arch Intern Med","volume":"163","author":"EW Gregg","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"15","article-title":"Exercise for the management of type 2 diabetes: a review of the evidence. Acta Diabetol","volume":"47","author":"S Zanuso","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1071","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia","volume":"46","author":"NG Boul\u00e9","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1218","article-title":"Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. JAMA","volume":"286","author":"NG Boul\u00e9","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"2518","article-title":"Effects of different modes of exercise training on glucose control and risk factors for complications in type 2 diabetic patients: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care","volume":"29","author":"NJ Snowling","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.380","article-title":"Effect of an intensive exercise intervention strategy on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic subjects. A Randomized Controlled Trial: The Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES)","volume":"170","author":"S Balducci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1433","article-title":"Physical activity\/exercise and type 2 diabetes: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care","volume":"29","author":"RJ Sigal","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"357","article-title":"Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med","volume":"147","author":"RJ Sigal","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"2253","article-title":"Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA","volume":"304","author":"TS Church","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"1790","article-title":"Physical activity advice only or structured exercise training and association with HbA<sub>1c<\/sub> levels in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA","volume":"305","author":"D Umpierre","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"e147","article-title":"Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes Care","volume":"33","author":"SR Colberg","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1071","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia","volume":"46","author":"NG Boul\u00e9","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Continuous low- to moderate-intensity exercise training is as effective as moderate- to high-intensity exercise training at lowering blood HbA(1c) in obese type 2 diabetes patients. Diabetologia","volume":"52","author":"D Hansen","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"101","article-title":"Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol","volume":"96","author":"JA Houmard","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"E855","article-title":"Exercise increases muscle GLUT-4 levels and insulin action in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Am J Physiol","volume":"264","author":"VA Hughes","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"522","article-title":"The effects of 24 weeks of moderate or high intensity exercise on insulin resistance. Eur J Appl Physiol","volume":"95","author":"G O\u2019Donovan","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"142","article-title":"Exercise and improved insulin sensitivity in older women: evidence of the enduring benefits of higher intensity training. J Appl Physiol","volume":"100","author":"L DiPietro","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1323","article-title":"Effect of exercise duration and intensity on weight loss in overweight, sedentary women: a randomized trial. JAMA","volume":"290","author":"JM Jakicic","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1619","article-title":"Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and coronary heart disease risk factors following 24 wk of moderate- or high-intensity exercise of equal energy cost. J Appl Physiol","volume":"98","author":"G O'Donovan","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/79.5.913S","article-title":"The evolution of physical activity recommendations: how much is enough?","volume":"79","author":"SN Blair","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"585","article-title":"The Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES): Design and methods for a prospective Italian multicenter trial of intensive lifestyle intervention in people with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis","volume":"18","author":"S Balducci","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1183","article-title":"Report of the Expert Committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care","volume":"20","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"1059","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome - a new worldwide definition. Lancet","volume":"366","author":"KG Alberti","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1433","article-title":"Physical activity\/exercise and type 2 diabetes: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care","volume":"29","author":"RJ Sigal","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"404","article-title":"Validation of a counseling strategy to promote the adoption and the maintenance of physical activity by type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care","volume":"26","author":"C Di Loreto","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Clinical Guidelines Task Force. (2005) Global Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes. International Diabetes Federation. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.idf.org\/webdata\/docs\/IDF%20GGT2D.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.idf.org\/webdata\/docs\/IDF%20GGT2D.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed: 20 June, 2012."},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1951","article-title":"Supervised exercise training improves quality of life in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Arch Intern Med","volume":"171","author":"A Nicolucci","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"579","article-title":"Relationship of exercise volume to improvements of quality of life with supervised exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial: the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES). Diabetologia","volume":"55","author":"A Nicolucci","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Changes in physical fitness predict improvements in modifiable cardiovascular risk factors independently of body weight loss in subjects with type 2 diabetes participating in the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES). Diabetes Care","volume":"35","author":"S Balducci","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"671","article-title":"The UKPDS risk engine: a model for the risk of coronary heart disease in Type II diabetes (UKPDS 56). Clin Sci (Lond)","volume":"101","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"505","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of the Minnesota leisure time physical activity questionnaire. J Chron Dis","volume":"39","author":"AR Folsom","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"71","article-title":"Compendium of physical activities: classifications of energy costs of human physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc","volume":"25","author":"BE Ainsworth","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine. (2005) ACSM&apos;s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 7<sup>th<\/sup> Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins."},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"e40","article-title":"Similar energy expenditure from resistance training at moderate and vigorous intensity in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diab Res Clin Pract","volume":"85","author":"S Zanuso","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"675","article-title":"An experimental study of physical fitness of Air Force personnel. US Armed Forces Med J","volume":"10","author":"B Balke","year":"1959"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"88","article-title":"Strength testing \u2013 predicting a one-rep max from reps to fatigue. J Physical Education, Recreation &amp; Dance","volume":"64","author":"M Brzycki","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"a439","article-title":"Association between muscular strength and mortality in men: prospective cohort study. BMJ","volume":"337","author":"JR Ruiz","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"93","article-title":"Associations between physical fitness and HbA?(c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia","volume":"54","author":"J Larose","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049297","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T21:39:41Z","timestamp":1562362781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049297"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Conrad P.","family":"Earnest","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049297","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]}}}