{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T04:45:46Z","timestamp":1774068346980,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]],"date-time":"2012-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354233600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]],"date-time":"2012-11-30T22:46:15Z","timestamp":1354315575000},"page":"e49973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Immunological and Biochemical Characterization of Coxsackie Virus A16 Viral Particles"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Pele","family":"Chong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Shin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fion Hsiao-Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuang-Nan","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Yang","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ai-Hsiang","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jen-Ren","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih-Yang","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ih-Jen","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Chyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00601.x","article-title":"An overview of the evolution of enterovirus 71 and its clinical and public health significance","volume":"26","author":"PC McMinn","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/129.3.304","article-title":"An apparently new enterovirus isolated from patients with disease of the central nervous system","volume":"129","author":"NJ Schmidt","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909233411301","article-title":"The Taiwan Enterovirus Epidemic Working Group. An epidemic of enterovirus 71 infection in Taiwan","volume":"341","author":"M Ho","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3653","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00630-09","article-title":"Reemergence of enterovirus 71 in 2008 in Taiwan: Dynamics of genetic and antigenic evolution from 1998 to 2008","volume":"47","author":"SW Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Mincrobiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20534","article-title":"Evolution of EV71 genogroup in Taiwan from 1998 to 2005: an emerging of subgenogroup C4 of EV71","volume":"78","author":"KH Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"57","article-title":"Enterovirus 71 in the Asia-Pacific region: An emerging cause of acute neurological disease in young children","volume":"8","author":"PC McMinn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurological journal of Southeast Asia"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70207-2","article-title":"Enterovirus 71 infection: a new threat to global public health?","volume":"7","author":"J Qiu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"EV71: An emerging infectious disease vaccine target in the Far East?","author":"J Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1961","article-title":"Human P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 is a functional receptor for enterovirus 71","volume":"15","author":"Y Nishimura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1992","article-title":"Scavenger receptor B2 is a cellular receptor for enterovirus 71","volume":"15","author":"S Yamayoshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.09.152","article-title":"Development of enterovirus 71 vaccines","volume":"9","author":"MS Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9386","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02856-06","article-title":"An attenuated strain of enterovirus 71 belonging to genotype A showed a broad spectrum of antigenicity with attenuated neurovirulence in cynomolgus monkeys","volume":"81","author":"M Arita","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00182-2","article-title":"Characterization of a Vero cell-adapted virulent strain of enterovirus 71 suitable for use as a vaccine candidate","volume":"20","author":"YC Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00999-09","article-title":"Formaldehyde-inactivated whole-virus vaccine protects a murine model of enterovirus 71 encephalomyetitis against disease","volume":"84","author":"KC Ong","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.05.037","article-title":"Optimization of microcarrier cell culture process for the inactivated enterovirus type 71 vaccine development","volume":"22","author":"SC Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.01.058","article-title":"Immunization with virus-like particles of enterovirus 71 elicits potent immune responses and protects mice against lethal challenge","volume":"26","author":"YC Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.01.021","article-title":"Protection of neonatal mice from lethal enterovirus 71 infection by maternal immunization with attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing VP1 of enterovirus 71","volume":"8","author":"CH Chiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"895","article-title":"Protection against lethal enterovirus 71 infection in newborn mice by passive immunization with subunit VP1 vaccines and inactivated virus","volume":"20","author":"CN Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-0556-5-6","article-title":"DNA vaccine constructs against enterovirus 71 elicit immune response in mice","volume":"5","author":"WS Tung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genet Vaccines Ther"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.12.005","article-title":"Identification of neutralizing linear epitopes from the VP1 capsid protein of Enterovirus 71 using synthetic peptides","volume":"125","author":"DG Foo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.06.002","article-title":"Passive protection against lethal enterovirus 71 infection in newborn mice by neutralizing antibodies elicited by a synthetic peptide","volume":"9","author":"DM Guang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microes Infect"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20668","article-title":"Recombinant Newcastle Disease virus capsids displaying enterovirus 71 VP1 fragment induce a strong immune response in rabbits","volume":"78","author":"LA Sivasamugham","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34834","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034834","article-title":"Pilot scale production of highly efficacious and stable enterovirus 71 vaccine candidate","volume":"7","author":"AH Chou","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of a novel human enterovirus 71 vaccine: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 1 clinical trial","author":"YP Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Antigenicity, animal protective effect and genetic characteristics of candidate vaccine strains of enterovirus 71","author":"Q Mao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.06.083","article-title":"High immunogenic enterovirus 71 strain and its production using serum-free microcarrier Vero cell culture","volume":"25","author":"CC Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20005","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020005","article-title":"Purification and characterization of enterovirus 71 viral particls produced from Vero cells grown in a serum-free microcarrier bioreactor system","volume":"6","author":"CC Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"493","article-title":"A simple method of estimating 50 percent end-points","volume":"27","author":"LJ Reed","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am J Hyg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.5.1867-1872.1993","article-title":"Identification of surface-exposed B-cell epitopes recognized by <italic>H. Influenzae<\/italic> type b P1-specific monoclonal antibody","volume":"61","author":"H Panezutti","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.11.087","article-title":"Selection and characterization of vaccine strain for Enterovirus 71 vaccine devlopment","volume":"30","author":"JY Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9743","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.12.9743-9752.1997","article-title":"Dissecting the roles of VP0 cleavage and RNA packaging in picornavirus capsid stabilization: the structure of empty capsids of foot-and-mouth disease virus","volume":"71","author":"S Curry","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-71-6-1271","article-title":"Differences in conformation of type 3 poliovirus antigenic sites on non-infectious empty particles and infectious virus","volume":"71","author":"M Ferguson","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(62)90205-2","article-title":"Identification of poliovirus particles of different antigenicity by specific agglutination as seen in the electron microscope","volume":"16","author":"K Hummeler","year":"1962","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-51-1-147","article-title":"The preparation of specific immune sera against type 3 poliovirus D-antigen and C-antigen and the demonstration of two C-antigenic components in vaccine strain populations","volume":"51","author":"PD Minor","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Plevka P, Perera R, Cardosa J, Kuhn RJ, Rossmann MG. (2012) Crystal structure of human enterovirus 71. Scinecexpress <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/science.1218713\/DC1\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.sciencemag.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/science.1218713\/DC1<\/ext-link> Accessed 2012 March 1."},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"A sensor-adaptor mechanism for enterovirus uncoating from structures of EV71","author":"X Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Structure & Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.5560051107","article-title":"Cleavage site analysis in picornaviral polyproteins: discovering cellular targets by neural networks","volume":"5","author":"N Blom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Protein Science"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-72-10-2475","article-title":"Antigenic structure of chimeras of type 1 and type 3 polioviruses involving antigenic sites 2, 3 and 4","volume":"72","author":"PD Minor","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.04.010","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a cross-neutralization epitope of EV71","volume":"29","author":"CC Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2011.02.003","article-title":"Generation of murine monoclonal antibodies which cross-neutralize human enterovirus 71 genotype B isolates","volume":"173","author":"HW Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-106","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody induced with inactived EV71-Hn2 virus protects mice against lethal EV71-Hn2 virus infection","volume":"7","author":"GH Chang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(95)00087-9","article-title":"Complete nucleotide sequence of enterovirus 71 is distinct from poliovirus","volume":"39","author":"BA Brown","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2008.02.009","article-title":"Development of multplex real-time hybridization probe reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for specific detection and differentiation of EV71 and coxsackievirus A16. Diagn","volume":"61","author":"EL Tan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10310","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00372-07","article-title":"Immunity to avirulent enterovirus 71 and coxsackie A16 virus potects against enterovirus 71 infection in mice","volume":"81","author":"TC Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/15321819.2011.559297","article-title":"Cross-reactivity of anti-EV71 IgM and neutralizing antibody in series aera of patients infected with enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16","volume":"32","author":"Y Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunoassay Immunochemistry"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049973","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T08:11:48Z","timestamp":1594973508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049973"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Alonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0049973","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]]}}}