{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:33:59Z","timestamp":1790303639217,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]],"date-time":"2012-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355961600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]],"date-time":"2012-12-20T22:35:12Z","timestamp":1356042912000},"page":"e52349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ryan K.","family":"Shields","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelius J.","family":"Clancy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise M.","family":"Gillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun J.","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda P.","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima C. Abdel","family":"Massih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Eschenauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian A.","family":"Potoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Hong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31816f61a6","article-title":"Pulmonary and blood stream infections in adult living donor and cadaveric liver transplant patients","volume":"85","author":"FH Saner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2011.08.011","article-title":"The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Fourteenth Pediatric Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation Report\u20132011","volume":"30","author":"C Benden","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/595011","article-title":"Bad bugs, no drugs: No ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"48","author":"HW Boucher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.12.023","article-title":"High mortality rates among solid organ transplant recipients infected with extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: using in vitro antibiotic combination testing to identify the combination of a carbapenem and colistin as an effective treatment regimen","volume":"70","author":"RK Shields","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2009.00445.x","article-title":"Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections after organ transplantation","volume":"12","author":"P Reddy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807009478","article-title":"<italic>Acinetobacter<\/italic> infections: a growing threat for critically ill patients","volume":"136","author":"ME Falagas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.02.013","article-title":"<italic>Acinetobacter baumannii:<\/italic> a universal threat to public health?","volume":"32","author":"H Giamarellou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-010-9250-7","article-title":"Mortality associated with Acinetobacter baumannii infections experienced by lung transplant recipients","volume":"188","author":"DR Nunley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2011.06.011","article-title":"High mortality associated with Acinetobacter species infection in liver transplant patients","volume":"43","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn454","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance determinants in nosocomial strains of multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"63","author":"JK Mak","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance","volume":"18","author":"AP Magiorakos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2011.01.701","article-title":"A 2010 working formulation for the standardization of definitions of infections in cardiothoracic transplant recipients","volume":"30","author":"S Husain","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2008.03.002","article-title":"CDC\/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting","volume":"36","author":"TC Horan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2009) Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard - Eighth Edition: Approved Standard M07-A8. Wayne, PA CLSI."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl441","article-title":"<italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> bloodstream infection while receiving tigecycline: a cautionary report","volume":"59","author":"AY Peleg","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4844","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01728-10","article-title":"Impact of carbapenem resistance and receipt of active antimicrobial therapy on clinical outcomes of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections","volume":"55","author":"JS Esterly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalin G, Alp E, Coskun R, Demiraslan H, Gundogan K, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2012) Use of high-dose IV and aerosolized colistin for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia: do we really need this treatment? J Infect Chemother.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-012-0430-7"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"494","article-title":"In-vitro activity of the combination of colistin and rifampicin against multidrug-resistant strains of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"41","author":"GM Hogg","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/42.2.270","article-title":"Evaluation of the activities of two-drug combinations of rifampicin, polymyxin B and ampicillin\/sulbactam against <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"42","author":"C Tascini","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(01)00258-9","article-title":"Interactions of colistin and rifampin on multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"40","author":"EJ Giamarellos-Bourboulis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.3.753-757.2004","article-title":"In vitro double and triple synergistic activities of polymyxin B, imipenem, and rifampin againsts multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"48","author":"J Yoon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1089","article-title":"Synergic in-vitro activity of imipenem and sulbactam against <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"10","author":"JY Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-005-1366-y","article-title":"Evaluation of antibiotic combinations against multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> using the E-test","volume":"24","author":"FA Haddad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.03.003","article-title":"In vitro synergy test of meropenem and sulbactam against clinical isolates of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"52","author":"CRV Kiffer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.007","article-title":"Comparative activities of colistin, rifampin, imipenem, and sulbactam\/ampicillin alone or in combination against epidemic multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> isolates producing OXA-58 carbapenemases","volume":"30","author":"MF Tripodi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm136","article-title":"In vitro acitivities of carbapenem\/sulbactam combination, colistin, colistin\/rifampin combination and tigecycline against carbapenem-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"60","author":"JY Song","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-007-0330-4","article-title":"Synergy testing of multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> against tigecycline and polymyxin using an E-test methodology","volume":"26","author":"M Sands","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01099-06","article-title":"In vitro activities of various antimicrobials alone and in combination with tigecycline againsts carbapenem-intermediate or -resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"51","author":"MH Sheetz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01097-08","article-title":"In vitro activities of tigecycline, minocycline, and colistin-tigecycline combination against multi- and pandrug-resistant clinical isolates of <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> group","volume":"53","author":"LA Arroyo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-8-18","article-title":"<italic>In vitro<\/italic> activity of tigecycline in combination with various antimicrobials against multidrug resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"8","author":"L Principe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4678","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00497-10","article-title":"Synergy testing by Etest, microdilution checkerboard, and time-kill methods for pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"54","author":"MM Sopirala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.10.001","article-title":"Synergistic activity of sulbactam combined with colistin against colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"39","author":"M Kempf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm509","article-title":"Colistin and rifampicin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> infections","volume":"61","author":"M Bassetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.11.019","article-title":"Colistin and rifampicin in the treatment of nosocomial infections from multiresistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic>","volume":"53","author":"S Motaouakkil","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infection"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01559.x","article-title":"Effectiveness and nephrotoxicity of colistin monotherapy vs. colistin-meropenem combination therapy for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections","volume":"12","author":"ME Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.05.016","article-title":"Pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii infections: characteristics and outcome in a series of 28 patients","volume":"32","author":"ME Falagas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ku K, Pogue JM, Moshos J, Bheemreddy S, Wang Y, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2012) Retrospective evaluation of colistin versus tigecycline for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii and\/or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Am J Infect Control.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2011.12.014"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deris ZZ, Yu HH, Davis K, Soon R, Jacob J, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2012) Colistin and Doripenem Combination is Synergistic against Klebsiella pneumoniae at Multiple Inocula and Suppresses Colistin Resistance in an in vitro PK\/PD Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01064-12"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks084","article-title":"Colistin resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: clinical reports, mechanisms and antimicrobial strategies","volume":"67","author":"Y Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1","article-title":"Treatment of tuberculosis","volume":"52","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03201-2","article-title":"Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group","volume":"352","author":"A Mocroft","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803263381301","article-title":"Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators","volume":"338","author":"FJ Palella Jr","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1086\/314623","article-title":"Combination antiretroviral therapy and recent declines in AIDS incidence and mortality","volume":"179","author":"E Vittinghoff","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02561666","article-title":"Combination therapy as a tool to prevent emergence of bacterial resistance","volume":"27","author":"JW Mouton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mortensen BL, Skaar EP (2012) Host-microbe interactions that shape the pathogenesis of Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Cell Microbiol.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2012.01817.x"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00148","article-title":"The Acinetobacter baumannii Oxymoron: Commensal Hospital Dweller Turned Pan-Drug-Resistant Menace","volume":"3","author":"I Roca","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32833f0d3e","article-title":"Multiresistant Gram-negative infections: a global perspective","volume":"23","author":"J Ho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01842.x","article-title":"Capacity of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii to form biofilm and adhere to epithelial cell surfaces","volume":"14","author":"HW Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2005.09.011","article-title":"Adherence of Acinetobacter baumannii strains to human bronchial epithelial cells","volume":"157","author":"JC Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2008.03.023","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in lung transplant recipients","volume":"27","author":"MM Sopirala","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duarte AG, Myers AC (2011) Cough Reflex in Lung Transplant Recipients. Lung.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-011-9352-x"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2011.01.714","article-title":"Five-year outcomes with alemtuzumab induction after lung transplantation","volume":"30","author":"S Shyu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.04.002","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of high-dose ampicillin\/sulbactam vs. colistin as monotherapy for the treatment of multidrug resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"56","author":"AP Betrosian","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infection"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3181cc0418","article-title":"Predictors of mortality in adult patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"KZ Siempos, II, Vardakas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2008.11.002","article-title":"The detection of synergy between meropenem and polymyxin B against meropenem-resistant <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> using Etest and time-kill assay","volume":"63","author":"GA Pankey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3837","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00570-08","article-title":"Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/italic> clinical isolates at a tertiary medical center in Pennsylvania","volume":"52","author":"JM Adams-Haduch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T20:44:04Z","timestamp":1588970644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052349"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"John","family":"Conly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052349","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]}}}