{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:34:46Z","timestamp":1790724886763,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,8]],"date-time":"2013-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357603200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T00:51:59Z","timestamp":1357692719000},"page":"e52909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Japanese Encephalitis Virus Activates Autophagy as a Viral Immune Evasion Strategy"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wandi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengbo","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaobo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gengfu","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5908","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02714-05","article-title":"Blocking of interferon-induced Jak-Stat signaling by Japanese encephalitis virus NS5 through a protein tyrosine phosphatase-mediated mechanism","volume":"80","author":"RJ Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9285","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.17.9285-9294.2004","article-title":"Blocking of the alpha interferon-induced Jak-Stat signaling pathway by Japanese encephalitis virus infection","volume":"78","author":"RJ Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.06.014","article-title":"Flavivirus induces interferon-beta gene expression through a pathway involving RIG-I-dependent IRF-3 and PI3K-dependent NF-kappa B activation","volume":"8","author":"TH Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(04)00099-1","article-title":"Development by self-digestion: Molecular mechanisms and biological functions of autophagy","volume":"6","author":"B Levine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.630","article-title":"Viruses and autophagy","volume":"19","author":"SB Kudchodkar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2006.12.001","article-title":"HSV-1ICP34.5 confers neurovirulence by targeting the Beclin 1 autophagy protein","volume":"1","author":"A Orvedahl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.02.016","article-title":"Autophagic machinery activated by dengue virus enhances virus replication","volume":"374","author":"YR Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22464","article-title":"Induction of incomplete autophagic response by hepatitis C virus via the unfolded protein response","volume":"48","author":"D Sir","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"159","article-title":"Autophagy is involved in the early step of Japanese encephalitis virus infection","volume":"14","author":"JK Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21761","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021761","article-title":"RIG-I mediates innate immune response in mouse neurons following Japanese encephalitis virus infection","volume":"6","author":"A Nazmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1007-1102","article-title":"Autophagosome formation: Core machinery and adaptations","volume":"9","author":"ZP Xie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.4600","article-title":"How to interpret LC3 immunoblotting","volume":"3","author":"N Mizushima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.5338","article-title":"Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes","volume":"4","author":"DJ Klionsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.19496","article-title":"Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy","volume":"8","author":"DJ Klionsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6319","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02627-10","article-title":"Subversion of cellular autophagy machinery by hepatitis B virus for viral envelopment","volume":"85","author":"J Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9143","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00641-08","article-title":"Autophagosome supports coxsackievirus B3 replication in host cells","volume":"82","author":"J Wong","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200810098","article-title":"Early endosomes and endosomal coatomer are required for autophagy","volume":"185","author":"M Razi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.4.12244","article-title":"A comprehensive glossary of autophagy-related molecules and processes","volume":"6","author":"DJ Klionsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/26506","article-title":"A protein conjugation system essential for autophagy","volume":"395","author":"N Mizushima","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1038\/45257","article-title":"Induction of autophagy and inhibition of tumorigenesis by beclin 1","volume":"402","author":"XH Liang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19496-0","article-title":"Replication-incompetent virions of Japanese encephalitis virus trigger neuronal cell death by oxidative stress in a culture system","volume":"85","author":"RJ Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20474","article-title":"Proinflammatory mediators released by activated microglia induces neuronal death in Japanese Encephalitis","volume":"55","author":"A Ghoshal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2007.07.009","article-title":"ROS, mitochondria and the regulation of autophagy","volume":"17","author":"R Scherz-Shouval","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402047","article-title":"Caspases in cell survival, proliferation and differentiation","volume":"14","author":"M Lamkanfi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5752","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.10.5752","article-title":"Release of caspase-9 from mitochondria during neuronal apoptosis and cerebral ischemia","volume":"96","author":"S Krajewski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI41474","article-title":"Activation of the unfolded protein response and autophagy after hepatitis C virus infection suppresses innate antiviral immunity in vitro","volume":"121","author":"PY Ke","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14050","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704014104","article-title":"The Atg5-Atg12 conjugate associates with innate antiviral immune responses","volume":"104","author":"N Jounai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.5055","article-title":"The non-canonical role of Atg family members as suppressors of innate antiviral immune signaling","volume":"4","author":"F Takeshita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2986","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.18.5.2986","article-title":"Virus-dependent phosphorylation of the IRF-3 transcription factor regulates nuclear translocation, transactivation potential, and proteasome-mediated degradation","volume":"18","author":"RT Lin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9837","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.17.9837","article-title":"Primary activation of interferon A and interferon B gene transcription by interferon regulatory factor 3","volume":"95","author":"YT Juang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.06.041","article-title":"MAVS forms functional prion-like aggregates to activate and propagate antiviral innate immune response","volume":"146","author":"F Hou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-002-0493-1","article-title":"Viral immune evasion: a masterpiece of evolution","volume":"54","author":"MTM Vossen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.04.008","article-title":"HIV-1 accessory proteins - Ensuring viral survival in a hostile environment","volume":"3","author":"MH Malim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807694106","article-title":"Absence of autophagy results in reactive oxygen species-dependent amplification of RLR signaling","volume":"106","author":"MC Tal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24073","article-title":"Knockdown of autophagy enhances the innate immune response in hepatitis C virus-infected hepatocytes","volume":"53","author":"S Shrivastava","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05291","article-title":"The roles of intracellular protein-degradation pathways in neurodegeneration","volume":"443","author":"DC Rubinsztein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.11.1.18669","article-title":"Autophagy is required for the activation of NFkappaB","volume":"11","author":"A Criollo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215420","article-title":"Rab proteins mediate Golgi transport of caveola-internalized glycosphingolipids and correct lipid trafficking in Niemann-Pick C cells","volume":"109","author":"A Choudhury","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e233","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030233","article-title":"Rab7 associates with early endosomes to mediate sorting and transport of Semliki forest virus to late endosomes","volume":"3","author":"A Vonderheit","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2010.04.015","article-title":"Development of a convenient immunochromatographic strip for the diagnosis of infection with Japanese encephalitis virus in swine","volume":"168","author":"Y Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2443.2001.00426.x","article-title":"Induction of IRF-3\/-7 kinase and NF-kappaB in response to double-stranded RNA and virus infection: common and unique pathways","volume":"6","author":"T Iwamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"838","article-title":"Screening for amyloid aggregation by Semi-Denaturing Detergent-Agarose Gel Electrophoresis","volume":"17","author":"R Halfmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M611043200","article-title":"Pivotal role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1\/CIP1 in apoptosis and autophagy","volume":"283","author":"K Fujiwara","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.7.2.14197","article-title":"Reticulon 3 attenuates the clearance of cytosolic prion aggregates by inhibiting autophagy","volume":"7","author":"R Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1999.4085","article-title":"Development and validation of real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for monitoring gene expression in cardiac myocytes in vitro","volume":"270","author":"J Winer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/annotation\/f7dcec2f-ed82-4a31-96c6-2953b421fd92","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,13]],"date-time":"2013-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368403200000}}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052909","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T13:53:20Z","timestamp":1589032400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052909"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Wenzhe","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052909","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/annotation\/f7dcec2f-ed82-4a31-96c6-2953b421fd92","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,8]]}}}