{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:25:14Z","timestamp":1790983514045,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]],"date-time":"2013-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359072000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]],"date-time":"2013-01-25T17:17:53Z","timestamp":1359134273000},"page":"e54634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Treatment with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Overcomes the Inverse Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Inflammation in Severely Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00760760","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Bianca K.","family":"Itariu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Zeyda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrig","family":"Marculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Stulnig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1689S","article-title":"Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D","volume":"80","author":"HF DeLuca","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890510007197","article-title":"Non-pharmacological means to prevent fractures among older adults","volume":"37","author":"P Kannus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.17","article-title":"Vitamin D: a pleiotropic hormone","volume":"78","author":"A Verstuyf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","article-title":"Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"96","author":"MF Holick","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.77.1.57","article-title":"Nutrient intake in an elderly population in southern France (POLANUT): deficiency in some vitamins, minerals and omega-3 PUFA","volume":"77","author":"I Carriere","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency","volume":"357","author":"MF Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b5664","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5664","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of vitamin D deficiency","volume":"340","author":"SH Pearce","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-45-2-225","article-title":"The measurement of the vitamin D-binding protein in human serum","volume":"45","author":"R Bouillon","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2011.145","article-title":"Relationship between body mass index and mortality among Europeans","volume":"66","author":"X Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.159228","article-title":"Abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome: contribution to global cardiometabolic risk","volume":"28","author":"JP Despres","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1159\/000212758","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance\u2013a mini-review","volume":"55","author":"M Zeyda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2544-y","article-title":"Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and the risk of type 2 diabetes: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort and updated meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"55","author":"NG Forouhi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05485","article-title":"Inflammation and metabolic disorders","volume":"444","author":"GS Hotamisligil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60813-1","article-title":"The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments","volume":"378","author":"BA Swinburn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-009-9685-z","article-title":"Vitamin D and cardiovascular risk","volume":"42","author":"PR Mertens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"79","article-title":"Vitamin D and cognitive function","volume":"Suppl 243","author":"M Soni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/79.3.362","article-title":"Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis","volume":"79","author":"MF Holick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43228","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043228","article-title":"Serum 25(OH)D is a 2-year predictor of all-cause mortality, cardiac death and sudden cardiac death in chest pain patients from Northern Argentina","volume":"7","author":"PA Naesgaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Low Levels of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Are Associated with Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Especially in Women: Results from the MONICA\/KORA Augsburg Case-Cohort Study","author":"M Karakas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2009.01.008","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: New twists in an old tale","volume":"91","author":"PC Calder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.037432","article-title":"Long-chain n-3 PUFAs reduce adipose tissue and systemic inflammation in severely obese nondiabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"96","author":"BK Itariu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1518","article-title":"Type of dietary fat is associated with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increment in response to vitamin D supplementation","volume":"96","author":"S Niramitmahapanya","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7321.1123","article-title":"Statistics notes: Analysing controlled trials with baseline and follow up measurements","volume":"323","author":"AJ Vickers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-009-9231-x","article-title":"The association of adiposity with parathyroid hormone in healthy older adults","volume":"36","author":"AP Pitroda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2202","article-title":"Vitamin D and hyperparathyroidism in obesity","volume":"96","author":"E Grethen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2011.09.009","article-title":"The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): rationale and design of a large randomized controlled trial of vitamin D and marine omega-3 fatty acid supplements for the primary prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease","volume":"33","author":"JE Manson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Vitamin D status in Greenland is influenced by diet and ethnicity: a population-based survey in an Arctic society in transition","author":"S Andersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01870.x","article-title":"Self-reported dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and association with bone and lower extremity function","volume":"57","author":"JH Rousseau","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.5.842","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety","volume":"69","author":"R Vieth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.160929","article-title":"25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is associated with inflammation-linked vascular endothelial dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults","volume":"57","author":"KL Jablonski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are inversely associated with systemic inflammation in severe obese subjects","author":"A Bellia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28822","article-title":"An antiinflammatory dietary mix modulates inflammation and oxidative and metabolic stress in overweight men: a nutrigenomics approach","volume":"91","author":"GC Bakker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27680","article-title":"Fish-oil supplementation induces antiinflammatory gene expression profiles in human blood mononuclear cells","volume":"90","author":"M Bouwens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0054634","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T18:39:02Z","timestamp":1562611142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0054634"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0054634","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,25]]}}}