{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:44:58Z","timestamp":1791517498741,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]],"date-time":"2013-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368057600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]],"date-time":"2013-05-09T17:05:23Z","timestamp":1368119123000},"page":"e63605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Identifying Optimal Vaccination Strategies for Serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis Conjugate Vaccine in the African Meningitis Belt"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Tartof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Cohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Tarbangdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamoudou H.","family":"Djingarey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Messonnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Ludovic","family":"Kambou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Novak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien V. K.","family":"Diomand\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isa\u00efe","family":"Medah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(02)90089-1","article-title":"Where is the meningitis belt? Defining an area at risk of epidemic meningitis in Africa","volume":"96","author":"AM Molesworth","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"[Cerebrospinal Meningitis in Africa]","volume":"28","author":"L Lapeyssonnie","year":"1963","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (1998) Control of epidemic meningococcal disease: WHO practical guidelines (WHO\/EMC\/BAC\/98.3). 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90812-8","article-title":"Meningococcal disease and season in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"2","author":"BM Greenwood","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1126\/science.320.5884.1710","article-title":"Infectious disease. An ill wind, bringing meningitis","volume":"320","author":"L Roberts","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"499","article-title":"Epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in Niamey, Niger, 1981\u201396","volume":"77","author":"G Campagne","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61016-2","article-title":"Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"369","author":"DS Stephens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.032","article-title":"Meningitis epidemics in Africa: a brief overview","volume":"25","author":"R Teyssou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00479-10","article-title":"Baseline meningococcal carriage in Burkina Faso before the introduction of a meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine","volume":"18","author":"PA Kristiansen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70288-8","article-title":"Meningococcal carriage in the African meningitis belt","volume":"7","author":"CL Trotter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13494-0","article-title":"Meningococcal conjugate vaccine for Africa: a model for development of new vaccines for the poorest countries","volume":"361","author":"L Jodar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.049","article-title":"The Meningitis Vaccine Project","volume":"25","author":"FM LaForce","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003812","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of a meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in Africans","volume":"364","author":"SO Sow","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.050","article-title":"Safety, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence of a new meningococcal group A conjugate vaccine in healthy Indian adults","volume":"25","author":"N Kshirsagar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kristiansen PA, Diomande F, Ba AK, Sanou I, Ouedraogo A, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2012) Impact of the Serogroup A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine, MenAfriVac, on Carriage and Herd Immunity. Clin Infect Dis. In press.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis892"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0910.030182","article-title":"Environmental risk and meningitis epidemics in Africa","volume":"9","author":"AM Molesworth","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Djingarey M, Noazin S, Pr\u00e9ziosi M (2008) A 20-year retrospective analysis of epidemic meningitis surveillance data in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. 16th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. Rotterdam, the Netherlands."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ouandaogo CR, Yameogo TM, Diomande FV, Sawadogo C, Ouedraogo B, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2012) Adverse events following immunization during mass vaccination campaigns at first introduction of a meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in Burkina Faso, 2010. Vaccine.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.112"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Novak RT, Kambou JL, Diomande FV, Tarbangdo TF, Ouedraogo-Traore R, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2012) Serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccination in Burkina Faso: analysis of national surveillance data. Lancet Infect Dis.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70168-8"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2011) Meningitis Weekly Reports. Global Alert and Response Website. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/meningococcal\/epidemiological_bulletin11\/en\/index.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/meningococcal\/epidemiological_bulletin11\/en\/index.html<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2012 August 1."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2012) Meningitis Weekly Reports. Global Alert and Response Website. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/meningococcal\/epidemiological\/en\/index.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/meningococcal\/epidemiological\/en\/index.html<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2012 August 1."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1801.110336","article-title":"Modeling Insights into Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease, Transmission, and Vaccine Programs","volume":"18","author":"ML Jackson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi160","article-title":"Dynamic models of meningococcal carriage, disease, and the impact of serogroup C conjugate vaccination","volume":"162","author":"CL Trotter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899002952","article-title":"The Hib immunization programme in the Oxford region: an analysis of the impact of vaccine administration on the incidence of disease","volume":"123","author":"PG Coen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807009168","article-title":"Understanding the impact of Hib conjugate vaccine on transmission, immunity and disease in the United Kingdom","volume":"136","author":"J McVernon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"United States Census Bureau International Data Base website. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.census.gov\/population\/international\/data\/idb\/country.php\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.census.gov\/population\/international\/data\/idb\/country.php<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2012 January 27."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.5.626","article-title":"The epidemiology of infections due to Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica in a northern Nigerian community","volume":"146","author":"IS Blakebrough","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805005339","article-title":"The natural history of meningococcal carriage and disease","volume":"134","author":"CL Trotter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16725-1","article-title":"Effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine 4 years after introduction","volume":"364","author":"CL Trotter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1086\/527401","article-title":"Impact of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines on carriage and herd immunity","volume":"197","author":"MC Maiden","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.04.065","article-title":"Bactericidal antibody is the immunologic surrogate of protection against meningococcal disease","volume":"27","author":"CE Frasch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.10.5.780-786.2003","article-title":"Validation of serological correlate of protection for meningococcal C conjugate vaccine by using efficacy estimates from postlicensure surveillance in England","volume":"10","author":"N Andrews","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00384-09","article-title":"Kinetics of antibody persistence following administration of a combination meningococcal serogroup C and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in healthy infants in the United Kingdom primed with a monovalent meningococcal serogroup C vaccine","volume":"17","author":"R Borrow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39563.545255.AE","article-title":"Seroprotection against serogroup C meningococcal disease in adolescents in the United Kingdom: observational study","volume":"336","author":"MD Snape","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1086\/652765","article-title":"Antibody persistence after serogroup C meningococcal conjugate immunization of United Kingdom primary-school children in 1999\u20132000 and response to a booster: a phase 4 clinical trial","volume":"50","author":"KP Perrett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1017\/S002217240006160X","article-title":"Age-related changes in the rate of disease transmission: implications for the design of vaccination programmes","volume":"94","author":"RM Anderson","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Hyg (Lond)"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-698X-9-S1-S12","article-title":"Monitoring the performance of the Expanded Program on Immunization: the case of Burkina Faso","volume":"9","author":"A Bicaba","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Int Health Hum Rights"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-8-381","article-title":"Determinants of vaccination coverage in rural Nigeria","volume":"8","author":"OO Odusanya","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1520","article-title":"Global routine vaccination coverage, 2010","volume":"60","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"626","article-title":"Rectangular confidence region for the means of multivariate normal distributions","volume":"62","author":"Z Sidak","year":"1967","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Irving TJ, Blyuss KB, Colijn C, Trotter CL (2011) Modelling meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt. Epidemiol Infect: 1\u20139."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.08.013","article-title":"A hypothetical explanatory model for meningococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt","volume":"14","author":"JE Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/14.2.515","article-title":"Meningococcal meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: a model for the epidemic process","volume":"14","author":"PS Moore","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90439-X","article-title":"Intercontinental spread of an epidemic group A Neisseria meningitidis strain","volume":"2","author":"PS Moore","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(02)02402-2","article-title":"The duality of virulence and transmissibility in Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"10","author":"MK Taha","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190188","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513641600000}}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,26]],"date-time":"2020-07-26T10:44:25Z","timestamp":1595760265000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063605"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ray","family":"Borrow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063605","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]]}}}