{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:14:42Z","timestamp":1784304882488,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,31]],"date-time":"2013-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369958400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]],"date-time":"2013-06-01T04:26:03Z","timestamp":1370060763000},"page":"e64272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["A Continuum Model of Actin Waves in Dictyostelium discoideum"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Varunyu","family":"Khamviwath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jifeng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans G.","family":"Othmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e221","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050221","article-title":"An actin-based wave generator organizes cell motility","volume":"5","author":"OD Weiner","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.20314","article-title":"Correlated waves of actin filaments and PIP3 in Dictyostelium cells","volume":"65","author":"Y Asano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Motil Cytoskeleton"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01115","article-title":"Cdc42\u2013the centre of polarity","volume":"117","author":"S Etienne-Manneville","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.09.043","article-title":"Rac activation and inactivation control plasticity of tumor cell movement","volume":"135","author":"V Sanz-Moreno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2010.08.020","article-title":"The plasticity of cytoskeletal dynamics underlying neoplastic cell migration","volume":"22","author":"V Sanz-Moreno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.153.3.569","article-title":"Rho-kinase-mediated contraction of isolated stress fibers","volume":"153","author":"K Katoh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.29.1.545","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms controlling actin filament dynamics in nonmuscle cells","volume":"29","author":"TD Pollard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2009.07.004","article-title":"Chemotaxis: finding the way forward with dictyostelium","volume":"19","author":"JS King","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00745-6","article-title":"Tumor suppressor PTEN mediates sensing of chemoattractant gradients","volume":"109","author":"M Iijima","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0708-716","article-title":"PTEN gives neutrophils direction","volume":"9","author":"DD Billadeau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2003.11.008","article-title":"Making all the right moves: chemotaxis in neutrophils and Dictyostelium","volume":"16","author":"CA Parent","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2443.2009.01312.x","article-title":"Pten is a mechanosensing signal transducer for myosin ii localization in dictyostelium cells","volume":"14","author":"MK Pramanik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2006.04.004","article-title":"The regulation of myosin II in <italic>dictyostelium<\/italic>","volume":"85","author":"L Bosgraaf","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Khamviwath V, Othmer HG (2013) Signal transduction and directional sensing in eukaryotes. In preparation."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.2001.5466","article-title":"Eukaryotic cell locomotion depends on the propagation of self-organized reaction-diffusion waves and oscillations of actin filament assembly","volume":"275","author":"MG Vicker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2003.12.005","article-title":"Dynamic actin patterns and Arp2\/3 assembly at the substrate-attached surface of motile cells","volume":"14","author":"T Bretschneider","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7601","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408546102","article-title":"Subsecond reorganization of the actin network in cell motility and chemotaxis","volume":"102","author":"S Diez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-conmatphys-070909-104105","article-title":"Physics of cellular movements","volume":"1","author":"E Sackmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Condens Matter Phys"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26631","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026631","article-title":"Adhesive F-actin waves: a novel integrin-mediated adhesion complex coupled to ventral actin polymerization","volume":"6","author":"LB Case","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.4161\/cam.3.4.9708","article-title":"Self-organizing actin waves as planar phagocytic cup structures","volume":"3","author":"G Gerisch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Adh Migr"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2008.12.3942","article-title":"The three-dimensional dynamics of actin waves, a model of cytoskeletal self-organization","volume":"96","author":"T Bretschneider","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-5036-3-7","article-title":"Self-organizing actin waves that simulate phagocytic cup structures","volume":"3","author":"G Gerisch","year":"2010","journal-title":"PMC Biophys"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)76968-7","article-title":"Myosin I contributes to the generation of resting cortical tension","volume":"77","author":"J Dai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.06.054","article-title":"Coronin 1B antagonizes cortactin and remodels Arp2\/3-containing actin branches in lamellipodia","volume":"134","author":"L Cai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2976\/1.3239407","article-title":"Propagating waves separate two states of actin organization in living cells","volume":"3","author":"B Schroth-Diez","year":"2009","journal-title":"HFSP J"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3493","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.104.047589","article-title":"Mobile actin clusters and traveling waves in cells recovering from actin depolymerization","volume":"87","author":"G Gerisch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198103","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.102.198103","article-title":"Transformation from spots to waves in a model of actin pattern formation","volume":"102","author":"S Whitelam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17079","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011271107","article-title":"Cells navigate with a local-excitation, global-inhibition-biased excitable network","volume":"107","author":"Y Xiong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.104.158301","article-title":"Transient localized patterns in noise-driven reaction-diffusion systems","volume":"104","author":"I Hecht","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18003","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/83\/18003","article-title":"Cytoskeletal waves in the absence of molecular motors","volume":"83","author":"K Doubrovinski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europhys Lett"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228104","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.99.228104","article-title":"Self-organization of treadmilling filaments","volume":"99","author":"K Doubrovinski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1140\/epje\/i2010-10548-8","article-title":"Self-organization in systems of treadmilling filaments","volume":"31","author":"K Doubrovinski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Phys J E Soft Matter"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228102","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.104.228102","article-title":"Dendritic actin filament nucleation causes traveling waves and patches","volume":"104","author":"AE Carlsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2121-12-42","article-title":"Different modes of state transitions determine pattern in the Phosphatidylinositide-Actin system","volume":"12","author":"G Gerisch","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200603149","article-title":"Rapid actin monomer-insensitive depolymerization of Listeria actin comet tails by cofilin, coronin, and Aip1","volume":"175","author":"WM Brieher","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200801027","article-title":"Actin disassembly by cofilin, coronin, and Aip1 occurs in bursts and is inhibited by barbed-end cappers","volume":"182","author":"HY Kueh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2008.34","article-title":"Arp2\/3 complex interactions and actin network turnover in lamellipodia","volume":"27","author":"FPL Lai","year":"2008","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E04-09-0844","article-title":"A Dictyostelium homologue of WASP is required for polarized F-actin assembly during chemotaxis","volume":"16","author":"SA Myers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2867","article-title":"A nucleator arms race: cellular control of actin assembly","volume":"11","author":"KG Campellone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.02.020","article-title":"Pseudopod growth and evolution during cell movement is controlled through scar\/wave dephosphorylation","volume":"22","author":"S Ura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201205058","article-title":"Scar knockouts in dictyostelium: Wasp assumes scar\u2019s position and upstream regulators in pseudopods","volume":"198","author":"DM Veltman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200611138","article-title":"G protein-independent Ras\/PI3K\/F-actin circuit regulates basic cell motility","volume":"178","author":"AT Sasaki","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2008.04.035","article-title":"Directional sensing during chemotaxis","volume":"582","author":"C Janetopoulos","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.093008.131228","article-title":"Eukaryotic chemotaxis: a network of signaling pathways controls motility, directional sensing, and polarity","volume":"39","author":"KF Swaney","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biophys"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400701","article-title":"An adhesion molecule in free-living dictyostelium amoebae with integrin beta features","volume":"7","author":"S Cornillon","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E91","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0020091","article-title":"Activation of arp2\/3 complex: addition of the first subunit of the new filament by a wasp protein triggers rapid atp hydrolysis on arp2","volume":"2","author":"MJ Dayel","year":"2004","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003297","article-title":"Arp2\/3 branched actin network mediates filopodia-like bundles formation in vitro","volume":"3","author":"Y Ideses","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.091157","article-title":"Diffusion, capture and recycling of scar\/wave and arp2\/3 complexes observed in cells by single-molecule imaging","volume":"125","author":"A Millius","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2012.08.012","article-title":"Traveling waves in actin dynamics and cell motility","volume":"25","author":"J Allard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2012.10.009","article-title":"Cell polarity: mechanochemical patterning","volume":"23","author":"NW Goehring","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.105.070383","article-title":"Morphodynamic profiling of protrusion phenotypes","volume":"90","author":"M Machacek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12399","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908278107","article-title":"Self-organization of the phosphatidylinositol lipids signaling system for random cell migration","volume":"107","author":"Y Arai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2012.08.004","article-title":"Pip3 waves and pten dynamics in the emergence of cell polarity","volume":"103","author":"G Gerisch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s10955-006-9204-x","article-title":"A theoretical approach to actin filament dynamics","volume":"128","author":"J Hu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Stat Phys"},{"key":"ref55","unstructured":"Khamviwath V (2012) Directional Sensing and Actin Dynamics in Dictyostelium Discoideum Amoeba. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb841","article-title":"Microscopic analysis of polymerization dynamics with individual actin filaments","volume":"4","author":"I Fujiwara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)77018-9","article-title":"The actin-based nanomachine at the leading edge of migrating cells","volume":"77","author":"VC Abraham","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14471","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014471","article-title":"Robust organizational principles of protrusive biopolymer networks in migrating living cells","volume":"6","author":"B Stuhrmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2006.02.017","article-title":"Actin filament branching and protrusion velocity in a simple 1D model of a motile cell","volume":"242","author":"AT Dawes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0064272","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T13:05:09Z","timestamp":1595855109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0064272"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pontus","family":"Aspenstrom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,31]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0064272","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,31]]}}}