{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:07:13Z","timestamp":1790377633680,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]],"date-time":"2013-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372896000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]],"date-time":"2013-07-04T20:58:40Z","timestamp":1372971520000},"page":"e68636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Pediatric and Youth Traffic-Collision Injuries in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Grivna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hani O.","family":"Eid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikri M.","family":"Abu-Zidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"United Arab Emirates National Bureau of Statistics (2013) Methodology of estimating the population in UAE. Available: http:\/\/www.uaestatistics.gov.ae\/ReportPDF\/Population%20Estimates%202006%20-%202010.pdf<\/ext-link> Accessed 19 May 2013."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300.2012.696660","article-title":"The legal framework and initiatives for promoting safety in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"19","author":"M Grivna","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"227","article-title":"Children\u2019s attentional skills and road behaviour. Exp Psychol Appl","volume":"7","author":"G Dunbar","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Arnett J (2002) Developmental sources of crash risk in young drivers. Injury Prevention 8(Suppl II): ii17\u2013ii23."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Peden M, Oyegbite K, Ozanne-Smith J, Hyder AA, Branche C, et al<\/etal>.. (2008) World report on child injury prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization. 1\u20133, 31\u201336, 42, 164\u2013199."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-011-1386-y","article-title":"Effects of seat belt usage on injury pattern and outcome of vehicle occupants after road traffic collisions: prospective study","volume":"36","author":"FM Abu-Zidan","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580802040352","article-title":"Prevalence and issues in non-use of safety belts and child restraints in a high-income developing country: Lessons for the future","volume":"9","author":"P Barss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Traffic Injury Prevention"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2012.711498","article-title":"Child and youth traffic-related injuries: Use of trauma registry to identify priorities for prevention in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"14","author":"M Grivna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Al Ain Hospital (2012) www.alain-hospital.com\/sites\/en\/Pages\/HomePage.aspx<\/ext-link>.Accessed 25 July 2012."},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA) (2012) www.seha.ae\/seha\/en\/Pages\/HospitalDetail.aspx?HospitalID=23<\/ext-link>.Accessed 25 July 2012."},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"5","article-title":"Annual Report","volume":"2006","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority (2008) Abu Dhabi Mini Explorer. Explorer Publishing and Distribution, 2nd Ed. 5, 14."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197403000-00001","article-title":"The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care","volume":"14","author":"SO Baker","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Maurer A, Morris JA Jr (2004) Injury Severity Scoring. In: Moore E, Feliciano D, Mattox K (eds)Trauma (5th ed.), McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, New York. 87\u201391."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000197393.64678.6b","article-title":"Paying the price of excluding patients from a trauma registry","volume":"60","author":"E Bergeron","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.05.003","article-title":"Motorcycle-related injuries in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"49","author":"AF Hefny","year":"2012","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Peden M, Scurfield R, Sleet D, Mohan D, Hyder AA, et al<\/etal>.. (2004) World report on road traffic injury prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization. 44\u201346,136\u2013137."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-006-1715-7","article-title":"Motor vehicle injuries in childhood: a hospital-based study in Saudi Arabia","volume":"22","author":"SJ Crankson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"172","article-title":"The handbook of road safety measures","volume":"64","author":"R Elvik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) (1997) Traffic Safety Facts 1997. Overview, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington DC. www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov\/Pubs\/TSF1997.PDF. Accessed 18 November 2012."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2008.06.017","article-title":"Adolescents, peers, and motor vehicles: the perfect storm?","volume":"35(3Suppl)","author":"JP Allen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"The United Nations Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF) (2011) The state of the world\u2019s children 2011: Adolescence an age of opportunity, 6. Available: www.unicef.org\/sowc2011\/pdfs\/SOWC-2011-Main-Report_EN_02092011.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 12 September 2011."},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1052","article-title":"Sleep-related collisions in United Arab Emirates. Accid Anal Prev","volume":"50","author":"M Al-Houqani","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Al Kilani HHY, Al Mosleh AW, Khaled MK, El Tawil MS, Ibrahim TK, et al<\/etal>.. (2001) Pediatric trauma: A hospital based study of pattern of childhood injuries in the State of Qatar. The Middle East Journal of Emergency Medicine 1: 1\u20135. Available: www.hmc.org.qa\/mejem\/jan2001\/origsty\/os1.htm<\/ext-link>. Accessed 21 August 2011."},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Everison R, Leeds M (2008) Road traffic injuries in children: findings from WA\u2019s childhood injury surveillance system. Kidsafe Western Australia. Available: www.acrs.org.au\/srcfiles\/Everison.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 21 August 2011."},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"693","article-title":"Biomechanics of road traffic collision injuries: a clinician's perspective","volume":"48","author":"HO Eid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(86)90007-2","article-title":"The effectiveness of safety belts in preventing fatalities","volume":"18","author":"L Evans","year":"1986","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3598","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410240068034","article-title":"Prospective study of the effect of safety belts on morbidity and health care costs in motor-vehicle accidents","volume":"260","author":"EM Orsay","year":"1988","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinh-Zarr TB, Sleet DA, Shults RA, Zaza S, Elder RW, et al<\/etal>.. (2001) Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to increase the use of safety belts. Am J Prev Med, 21(4 Suppl): 48\u201365.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(01)00378-6"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaza S, Sleet DA, Thompson RS, Sosin DM, Bolen JC, et al<\/etal>.. (2001) Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to increase use of child safety seats. Am J Prev Med 21(4 Suppl): 31\u201347.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(01)00377-4"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"NHTSA\u2019s National Center for Statistics and Analysis (2010) Seat belt use in rear seats in 2007. http:\/\/www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov\/Pubs\/810933.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 13 November 2012."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Heiman L (1988) Vehicle occupant protection in Australia. Canberra, Australian Transport Safety Bureau. p.VII."},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Ashton SJ, Mackay GM, Camm S (1983) Seat belt use in Britain under voluntary and mandatory conditions. In: Proceedings of the 27th<\/sup> Conference of the American Association for Automotive Medicine (AAAM). Chicago, IL, American Association for Automotive Medicine: 65\u201375."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2.4.221","article-title":"The medical effects of seat belt legislation in the United Kingdom: a critical review of findings","volume":"2","author":"W Rutherford","year":"1985","journal-title":"Archives of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.4103\/0256-4947.83208","article-title":"Seatbelt compliance and mortality in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries in comparison with other high-income countries","volume":"31","author":"AK Abbas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-7922-6-18","article-title":"Seatbelts and road traffic collision injuries","volume":"6","author":"AK Abbas","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) (2001) Traffic Safety Facts 2001. Children (DOT HS 809 471). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Available: http:\/\/www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov\/Pubs\/809471.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 25 March 2013."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.160.6.617","article-title":"Effectiveness of child safety seats vs seat belts in reducing risk for death in children in passenger vehicle crashes","volume":"160","author":"MR Elliott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.07.012","article-title":"Factors affecting anatomical region of injury, severity, and mortality for road trauma in a high-income developing country: lessons for prevention","volume":"40","author":"HO Eid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.033","article-title":"Does wearing helmets reduce motorcycle-related death? A global evaluation","volume":"49","author":"AK Abbas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2007.06.012","article-title":"Trauma and motorcyclists: born to be wild, bound to be injured?","volume":"38","author":"JD Hinds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu BC, Ivers R, Norton R, Boufous S, Blows S, et al<\/etal>.. (2008) Helmets for preventing injury in motorcycle riders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 23, p. CD004333.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004333.pub3"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(98)00071-2","article-title":"The prevalence of non-standard helmet use and head injuries among motorcycle riders","volume":"31","author":"C Peek-Asa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.6.1.32","article-title":"Increasing age and experience: are both protective against against motorcycle injury? A case-control study","volume":"6","author":"B Mullin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.6.e74","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of traffic injuries to urban children and adolescents","volume":"103","author":"MS Durkin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"105","article-title":"Child and adult pedestrian impact: the influence of vehicle type on injury severity","volume":"47","author":"BY Henary","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0068636","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,20]],"date-time":"2018-10-20T06:36:27Z","timestamp":1540017387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0068636"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Baradaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0068636","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,4]]}}}