{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:24:15Z","timestamp":1780068255670,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]],"date-time":"2013-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,19]],"date-time":"2013-11-19T03:37:22Z","timestamp":1384832242000},"page":"e79022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Evaluation of OspA Vaccination-Induced Serological Correlates of Protection against Lyme Borreliosis in a Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Schwendinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"O'Rourke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Traweger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Savidis-Dacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Pilz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Portsmouth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Livey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Noel","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian A.","family":"Crowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60103-7","article-title":"Lyme borreliosis","volume":"379","author":"G Stanek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Lyme disease vaccines","author":"AC Steere","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary of Notifiable Diseases - United States, 2011","volume":"60","author":"DA Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Lindgren E, Jaenson TGT (2006) Lyme borreliosis in Europe: influences of climate and climate change, epidemiology, ecology and adaptation measures. WHO Europe website. Available: http:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/document\/E89522.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2013 Sep 30."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03492.x","article-title":"The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex\u2013clinical significance of genomic species","volume":"17","author":"G Stanek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807233390402","article-title":"A vaccine consisting of recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer-surface protein A to prevent Lyme disease. Recombinant Outer-Surface Protein A Lyme Disease Vaccine Study Consortium","volume":"339","author":"LH Sigal","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807233390401","article-title":"Vaccination against Lyme disease with recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer-surface lipoprotein A with adjuvant. Lyme Disease Vaccine Study Group","volume":"339","author":"AC Steere","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5377.703","article-title":"Identification of LFA-1 as a candidate autoantigen in treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis","volume":"281","author":"DM Gross","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s259","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq117","article-title":"Relationship between immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi outer-surface protein A (OspA) and Lyme arthritis","volume":"52","author":"AC Steere","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s271","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq119","article-title":"Correcting a public health fiasco: The need for a new vaccine against Lyme disease","volume":"52","author":"SA Plotkin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s253","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq116","article-title":"Vaccines against Lyme disease: What happened and what lessons can we learn","volume":"52","author":"GA Poland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(97)00066-2","article-title":"Immunization with a polyvalent OspA vaccine protects mice against Ixodes ricinus tick bites infected by Borrelia burgdorferi ss, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii","volume":"15","author":"L Gern","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(94)00027-K","article-title":"The Lyme disease vaccine candidate outer surface protein A (OspA) in a formulation compatible with human use protects mice against natural tick transmission of B. burgdorferi","volume":"13","author":"WT Golde","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.6.2113-2119.1995","article-title":"Abilities of OspA proteins from different seroprotective groups of Borrelia burgdorferi to protect hamsters from infection","volume":"63","author":"SD Lovrich","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of a novel multivalent OspA vaccine against Lyme borreliosis in healthy adults: a double\u2013blind, randomised, dose\u2013escalation phase I\/II clinical trial","author":"N Wressnigg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Clinical trials.gov website. Phase 1\/2 Lyme Vaccine Study. Available: http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01504347<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2013 Sep 30."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s266","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq118","article-title":"A new approach to a Lyme disease vaccine","volume":"52","author":"I Livey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12594","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.26.12594","article-title":"The outer surface protein A of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is a plasmin(ogen) receptor","volume":"91","author":"H Fuchs","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80298-6","article-title":"Plasminogen is required for efficient dissemination of B. burgdorferi in ticks and for enhancement of spirochetemia in mice","volume":"89","author":"JL Coleman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7398","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.12.7398","article-title":"Inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi-tick interactions in vivo by outer surface protein A antibody","volume":"166","author":"U Pal","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.07.001","article-title":"Tick-host-pathogen interactions in Lyme borreliosis","volume":"23","author":"JW Hovius","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5228","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00410-08","article-title":"Outer surface protein A protects Lyme disease spirochetes from acquired host immunity in the tick vector","volume":"76","author":"JM Battisti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70055-7","article-title":"Immunogenicity of a recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A vaccine against Lyme disease in children","volume":"135","author":"HM Feder Jr","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(00)80035-1","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity profile of a recombinant outer-surface protein A Lyme disease vaccine: clinical trial of a 3-dose schedule at 0, 1, and 2 months","volume":"22","author":"RT Schoen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(03)90027-0","article-title":"An open-label, nonrandomized, single-center, prospective extension, clinical trial of booster dose schedules to assess the safety profile and immunogenicity of recombinant outer-surface protein A (OspA) Lyme disease vaccine","volume":"25","author":"RT Schoen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.1.123","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A vaccine against lyme disease in healthy children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"108","author":"VK Sikand","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00131-10","article-title":"Correlates of protection induced by vaccination","volume":"17","author":"SA Plotkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1086\/315359","article-title":"Growth-inhibiting antibody responses of humans vaccinated with recombinant outer surface protein A or infected with Borrelia burgdorferi or both","volume":"181","author":"CJ Luke","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.5.1920-1926.1994","article-title":"Protection of C3H\/HeN mice from challenge with Borrelia burgdorferi through active immunization with OspA, OspB, or OspC, but not with OspD or the 83-kilodalton antigen","volume":"62","author":"WS Probert","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4929","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.11.4929-4937.1994","article-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi antigens that are targeted by antibody-dependent, complement-mediated killing in the rhesus monkey","volume":"62","author":"MK Aydintug","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.3.882-889.1997","article-title":"Reactivity with a specific epitope of outer surface protein A predicts protection from infection with the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"65","author":"WT Golde","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00035-Y","article-title":"Incomplete protection of hamsters vaccinated with unlipidated OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi infection is associated with low levels of antibody to an epitope defined by mAb LA-2","volume":"13","author":"BJ Johnson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(97)00086-8","article-title":"Vaccination of natural reservoir hosts with recombinant lipidated OspA induces a transmission-blocking immunity against Lyme disease spirochaetes associated with high levels of LA-2 equivalent antibodies","volume":"15","author":"K Kurtenbach","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.3.2.184-190.1996","article-title":"Detection of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibody responses with the borreliacidal antibody test, indirect fluorescent-antibody assay performed by flow cytometry, and western immunoblotting","volume":"3","author":"JR Creson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.1.2.145-149.1994","article-title":"Differentiation of borreliacidal activity caused by immune serum or antimicrobial agents by flow cytometry","volume":"1","author":"YF Liu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63968","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063968","article-title":"Quantitative Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Erythema Migrans Skin Lesions Using Internally Controlled Duplex Real Time PCR","volume":"8","author":"M O'Rourke","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.1.165","article-title":"In vitro inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi growth by antibodies","volume":"167","author":"A Sadziene","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"162","article-title":"[Growth inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by antibodies. A contribution to understanding the pathogenesis and improving diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis]","volume":"145","author":"A Sadziene","year":"1995","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/153036602760260724","article-title":"Investigations on the mode and dynamics of transmission and infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus ticks","volume":"2","author":"M Crippa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02353685","article-title":"Histological examination of Borrelia burgdorferi infections in unfed Ixodes ricinus nymphs","volume":"18","author":"N Lebet","year":"1994","journal-title":"Experimental & Applied Acarology"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(11)80506-2","article-title":"Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi isolated from different organs of Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in nature","volume":"280","author":"S Leuba-Garcia","year":"1994","journal-title":"Zentralbl Bakteriol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0079022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T11:56:24Z","timestamp":1596887784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0079022"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0079022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]}}}