{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T21:33:46Z","timestamp":1771536826311,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]],"date-time":"2013-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]],"date-time":"2013-12-17T22:45:16Z","timestamp":1387320316000},"page":"e84175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Salinomycin Activates AMP-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Autophagy in Cultured Osteoblastoma Cells: A Negative Regulator against Cell Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lun-qing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun-fang","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-xiong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-dong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0748-7983(98)93896-3","article-title":"Historical, current and future aspects of osteosarcoma treatment","volume":"24","author":"SJ Ham","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"385","article-title":"Dysregulation of Hedgehog, Wnt and Notch signalling pathways in breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"SJ Zardawi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8219","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.9579","article-title":"Bisphosphonates for treatment and prevention of bone metastases","volume":"23","author":"MD Michaelson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.06.034","article-title":"Identification of selective inhibitors of cancer stem cells by high-throughput screening","volume":"138","author":"PB Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2010.03.008","article-title":"The cancer stem cell selective inhibitor salinomycin is a p-glycoprotein inhibitor","volume":"45","author":"R Riccioni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.03.138","article-title":"Salinomycin overcomes ABC transporter-mediated multidrug and apoptosis resistance in human leukemia stem cell-like KG-1a cells","volume":"394","author":"D Fuchs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13253","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1110431108","article-title":"Salinomycin inhibits Wnt signaling and selectively induces apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells","volume":"108","author":"D Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.08.054","article-title":"Salinomycin-induced apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells due to accumulated reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane depolarization","volume":"413","author":"KY Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01089.x","article-title":"Salinomycin sensitizes cancer cells to the effects of doxorubicin and etoposide treatment by increasing DNA damage and reducing p21 protein","volume":"162","author":"JH Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2329","article-title":"The AMPK signalling pathway coordinates cell growth, autophagy and metabolism","volume":"13","author":"MM Mihaylova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2004.12.011","article-title":"AMPK, the metabolic syndrome and cancer","volume":"26","author":"Z Luo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110625","article-title":"AMP-activated protein kinase, stress responses and cardiovascular diseases","volume":"122","author":"S Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401751","article-title":"Autophagy and signaling: their role in cell survival and cell death","volume":"12","author":"P Codogno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.2174\/156652408783769616","article-title":"To die or not to die: that is the autophagic question","volume":"8","author":"L Galluzzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Mol Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207521","article-title":"Autophagy as a cell death and tumor suppressor mechanism","volume":"23","author":"D Gozuacik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1717","article-title":"Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation","volume":"290","author":"DJ Klionsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.3.1025-1040.2005","article-title":"Inhibition of macroautophagy triggers apoptosis","volume":"25","author":"P Boya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28833","article-title":"Autophagy inhibition enhances therapy-induced apoptosis in a Myc-induced model of lymphoma","volume":"117","author":"RK Amaravadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0260-0","article-title":"Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA enhances the effect of 5-FU-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells","volume":"16","author":"J Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1196371","article-title":"Phosphorylation of ULK1 (hATG1) by AMP-activated protein kinase connects energy sensing to mitophagy","volume":"331","author":"DF Egan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2152","article-title":"AMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1","volume":"13","author":"J Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47704","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M407016200","article-title":"Human light chain 3\/MAP1LC3B is cleaved at its carboxyl-terminal Met121 to expose Gly120 for lipidation and targeting to autophagosomal membranes","volume":"279","author":"I Tanida","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.6.1889","article-title":"3-Methyladenine: specific inhibitor of autophagic\/lysosomal protein degradation in isolated rat hepatocytes","volume":"79","author":"PO Seglen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.4394","article-title":"p62 at the interface of autophagy, oxidative stress signaling, and cancer","volume":"17","author":"IP Nezis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.021","article-title":"Feedback on fat: p62-mTORC1-autophagy connections","volume":"147","author":"J Moscat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24131","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M702824200","article-title":"p62\/SQSTM1 binds directly to Atg8\/LC3 to facilitate degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates by autophagy","volume":"282","author":"S Pankiv","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2010.02.017","article-title":"Physiological significance of selective degradation of p62 by autophagy","volume":"584","author":"M Komatsu","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.03.048","article-title":"Autophagy suppresses tumorigenesis through elimination of p62","volume":"137","author":"R Mathew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"92","article-title":"Senescence, apoptosis or autophagy? When a damaged cell must decide its path--a mini-review","volume":"54","author":"JM Vicencio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2239","article-title":"Self-eating and self-killing: crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis","volume":"8","author":"MC Maiuri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2679","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26390","article-title":"Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?","volume":"115","author":"B Levine","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134537","article-title":"AMPK and mTOR in cellular energy homeostasis and drug targets","volume":"52","author":"K Inoki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1239","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00455.2001","article-title":"Activation of AMPK is essential for AICAR-induced glucose uptake by skeletal muscle but not adipocytes","volume":"282","author":"H Sakoda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44132","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044132","article-title":"Salinomycin induces autophagy in colon and breast cancer cells with concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species","volume":"7","author":"B Verdoodt","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.24632","article-title":"Salinomycin induces cell death with autophagy through activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in human cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"T Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2013.04.011","article-title":"Salinomycin induces activation of autophagy, mitophagy and affects mitochondrial polarity: Differences between primary and cancer cells","volume":"1832","author":"JR Jangamreddy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.7.6.15123","article-title":"The autophagy initiating kinase ULK1 is regulated via opposing phosphorylation by AMPK and mTOR","volume":"7","author":"D Egan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2012.08.019","article-title":"AMP-Activated Protein Kinase: A Target for Drugs both Ancient and Modern","volume":"19","author":"DG Hardie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22522","article-title":"Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase is involved in vincristine-induced cell apoptosis in B16 melanoma cell","volume":"226","author":"MB Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1407","article-title":"Widdrol induces apoptosis via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in colon cancer cells","volume":"27","author":"MR Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.02.093","article-title":"Ursolic acid-induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation contributes to growth inhibition and apoptosis in human bladder cancer T24 cells","volume":"419","author":"QY Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07536","article-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans dauers need LKB1\/AMPK to ration lipid reserves and ensure long-term survival","volume":"457","author":"P Narbonne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11066","article-title":"AMPK regulates NADPH homeostasis to promote tumour cell survival during energy stress","volume":"485","author":"SM Jeon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2010.36","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide inhibits mTOR signaling by activation of AMPKalpha leading to apoptosis of neuronal cells","volume":"90","author":"L Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2012.05.003","article-title":"Perifosine sensitizes UVB-induced apoptosis in skin cells: new implication of skin cancer prevention?","volume":"24","author":"C Ji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-013-1568-z","article-title":"TAK1 activates AMPK-dependent cell death pathway in hydrogen peroxide-treated cardiomyocytes, inhibited by heat shock protein-70","volume":"377","author":"Z Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.530","article-title":"Salinomycin inhibits prostate cancer growth and migration via induction of oxidative stress","volume":"106","author":"K Ketola","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molonc.2012.04.002","article-title":"Co-administration phenoxodiol with doxorubicin synergistically inhibit the activity of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1), a potential oncogene of osteosarcoma, to suppress osteosarcoma cell growth both in vivo and in vitro","volume":"6","author":"C Yao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-012-9423-5","article-title":"Perifosine induces cell apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells: new implication for osteosarcoma therapy?","volume":"65","author":"C Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12358892","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor (FGF-7) stimulates migration and plasminogen activator activity of normal human keratinocytes","volume":"101","author":"R Tsuboi","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Perifosine sensitizes curcumin induced anti-colorectal cancer effects by targeting multiple signaling pathways both in vivo and in vitro","author":"MB Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001954","article-title":"Autophagy negatively regulates keratinocyte inflammatory responses via scaffolding protein p62\/SQSTM1","volume":"186","author":"HM Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0084175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T00:01:49Z","timestamp":1540339309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0084175"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Arun","family":"Rishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0084175","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]]}}}