{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T21:28:25Z","timestamp":1775510905175,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391990400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T21:58:51Z","timestamp":1392069531000},"page":"e88478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Prevalence and Correlates of Cigarette Smoking among Chinese Schizophrenia Inpatients Receiving Antipsychotic Mono-Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yan-Min","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Chen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Guo","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tie-Bang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Smoking and schizophrenia","volume":"21","author":"M Sagud","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201200143","article-title":"Cigarette smoking among persons with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in routine clinical settings, 1999\u20132011","volume":"64","author":"F Dickerson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.02.010","article-title":"A meta-analysis of worldwide studies demonstrates an association between schizophrenia and tobacco smoking behaviors","volume":"76","author":"J de Leon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1192\/apt.6.5.327","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and schizophrenia","volume":"6","author":"C Kelly","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Psychiatr Treat"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.02.007","article-title":"Schizophrenia and increased risks of cardiovascular disease","volume":"150","author":"CH Hennekens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.067512","article-title":"Twenty-five year mortality of a community cohort with schizophrenia","volume":"196","author":"S Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp152","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and mortality risk in people with schizophrenia","volume":"37","author":"DL Kelly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n0519","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia in Saskatchewan, Canada","volume":"65","author":"SM Curkendall","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2190\/PM.40.3.b","article-title":"Hospital readmission in first-time admitted patients with schizophrenia: smoking patients had higher hospital readmission rate than non-smoking patients","volume":"40","author":"M Kobayashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"206","article-title":"Financial implications of cigarette smoking among individuals with schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"M Steinberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1617-9625-11-5","article-title":"Association between cigarette smoking and suicide in psychiatric inpatients","volume":"11","author":"S Hooman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.05.016","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in outpatients with chronic schizophrenia in Taiwan: relationships to socio-demographic and clinical characteristics","volume":"190","author":"YC Kao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/17.4.309","article-title":"Cultural context, older age and smoking in Scotland: qualitative interviews with older smokers with arterial disease","volume":"17","author":"O Parry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002590","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, psychopathology and cognitive function in first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia: a case-control study","volume":"43","author":"X Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30937","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030937","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in male patients with chronic schizophrenia in a Chinese population: prevalence and relationship to clinical phenotypes","volume":"7","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.07.011","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia in China","volume":"45","author":"YZ Hou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3109\/00048670903493348","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in patients with schizophrenia in China: prospective, multicentre study","volume":"44","author":"CY Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.08.014","article-title":"Premorbid tobacco smoking is associated with later age at onset in schizophrenia","volume":"178","author":"X Ma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2005.10.009","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in Chinese male inpatients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"41","author":"YL Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.05.025","article-title":"Gender differences in 542 Chinese inpatients with schizophrenia","volume":"97","author":"YL Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m07422","article-title":"Gender differences in never-medicated first-episode schizophrenia and medicated chronic schizophrenia patients","volume":"73","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6271","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118051109","article-title":"Schizophrenia risk polymorphisms in the TCF4 gene interact with smoking in the modulation of auditory sensory gating","volume":"109","author":"BB Quednow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.11.1751","article-title":"Smoking habits, current symptoms, and premorbid characteristics of schizophrenic patients in Nithsdale, Scotland","volume":"156","author":"C Kelly","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.7.1219","article-title":"Higher rates of cigarette smoking in male adolescents before the onset of schizophrenia: a historical-prospective cohort study","volume":"161","author":"M Weiser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.11.012","article-title":"Smoking initiation and schizophrenia: a replication study in a Chinese Han population","volume":"119","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.12.2216","article-title":"Investigating the association between cigarette smoking and schizophrenia in a cohort study","volume":"160","author":"S Zammit","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1M398","article-title":"Impact of tobacco smoking cessation on stable clozapine or olanzapine treatment","volume":"44","author":"EJ Lowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.149.9.1189","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in schizophrenia: relationship to psychopathology and medication side effects","volume":"149","author":"DC Goff","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3109\/00048679609064998","article-title":"Smoking among Chinese patients with schizophrenia","volume":"30","author":"SA Chong","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200209000-00005","article-title":"Relationship between tobacco smoking and positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia","volume":"190","author":"AA Patkar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3283366643","article-title":"Why do patients with schizophrenia smoke?","volume":"23","author":"G Winterer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(02)00324-X","article-title":"Effects of cigarette smoking and nicotine nasal spray on psychiatric symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia","volume":"27","author":"RC Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2006.01841.x","article-title":"Smoking and schizophrenia: is symptom profile related to smoking and which antipsychotic medication is of benefit in reducing cigarette use","volume":"40","author":"M Barnes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.02.006","article-title":"Nicotine use in schizophrenia: the self medication hypotheses","volume":"29","author":"V Kumari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1159\/000063666","article-title":"Smoking in chronic schizophrenic inpatients in taiwan","volume":"45","author":"DL Liao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2011.06.006","article-title":"Smoking and tardive dyskinesia in male patients with chronic schizophrenia","volume":"35","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09563","article-title":"The environment and schizophrenia","volume":"468","author":"J van Os","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001626","article-title":"An updated and conservative systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence on psychotic experiences in children and adults: on the pathway from proneness to persistence to dimensional expression across mental disorders","volume":"43","author":"RJ Linscott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(01)00103-9","article-title":"The continuity of psychotic experiences in the general population","volume":"21","author":"LC Johns","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldh046","article-title":"Predictors of schizophrenia\u2013a review","volume":"73\u201374","author":"P M\u00e4ki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.060723","article-title":"Age at onset and cognition in schizophrenia: meta-analysis","volume":"195","author":"TK Rajji","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2009.00933.x","article-title":"Alcohol-related disorders in Beijing, China: prevalence, socio-demographic correlates, and unmet need for treatment","volume":"33","author":"YT Xiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-198904000-00001","article-title":"Guidelines for the dosage of neuroleptics. I: Chlorpromazine equivalents of orally administered neuroleptics","volume":"4","author":"MJ Rey","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0607","article-title":"Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics","volume":"64","author":"SW Woods","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan H, Trosclair A, Gfroerer J (2012) Adult current smoking: differences in definitions and prevalence estimates\u2013NHIS and NSDUH, 2008. J Environ Public Health: DOI:10.1155\/2012\/918368.","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/918368"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.09.064709","article-title":"Trends in smoking and quitting in China from 1993 to 2003: National Health Service Survey data","volume":"88","author":"J Qian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"353","article-title":"Use of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales (PANSS)","volume":"7","author":"Y He","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simpson GM, Angus JW (1970) A rating scale for extrapyramidal side effects. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 212: 11\u201319.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1970.tb02066.x"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.154.5.672","article-title":"A rating scale for drug-induced akathisia","volume":"154","author":"TR Barnes","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1067\/mpn.2002.124918","article-title":"Schizophrenia, Tardive Dyskinesia, and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS)","volume":"8","author":"M Victoria","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-5-5","article-title":"Validity of Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS) in a naturalistic schizophrenia population","volume":"5","author":"S Janno","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.4.337","article-title":"Relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder: 18-month comparison of olanzapine plus mood stabiliser v. mood stabiliser alone","volume":"184","author":"M Tohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"45","article-title":"The reliability, validity of PANSS and its implication","volume":"18","author":"T Si","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin Ment Health J"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"65","article-title":"Abnormal Inventory Movement Scale (AIMS)","volume":"2","author":"B Fan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"66","article-title":"Tardive Dyskinesia Rating Scale (TDRS)","volume":"2","author":"Z Xiao","year":"1990","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref56","unstructured":"Zhang M (1998) Handbook of Psychistric Scales. Changsha: Hunan Science and Technology Press."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61085-X","article-title":"Tobacco use in 3 billion individuals from 16 countries: an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional household surveys","volume":"380","author":"GA Giovino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref58","unstructured":"China CDC (2010) Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) China 2010 Country Report. Beijing, China: China's Three Gorge Press."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1102459","article-title":"Prevalence of smoking in China in 2010","volume":"364","author":"Q Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115507","article-title":"A simple method to calculate the confidence interval of a standardized mortality ratio","volume":"131","author":"K Ulm","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deddens JA, Petersen MR (2008) Approaches for estimating prevalence ratios. Occup Environ Med 65: 481, 501\u2013506.","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.034777"},{"key":"ref62","unstructured":"Rothman KJ, Boice JD (1979) Epidemiologic analysis with a programmable calculator. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/22.3.405","article-title":"Smoking and vulnerability for schizophrenia","volume":"22","author":"J de Leon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/dah304","article-title":"Socioeconomic predictors of smoking and smoking frequency in urban China: evidence of smoking as a social function","volume":"19","author":"Z Pan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(01)00217-1","article-title":"Initiation of daily smoking and nicotine dependence in schizophrenia and mood disorders","volume":"56","author":"J de Leon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"711","article-title":"Level of activity and prevalence of smoking in psychiatric patients","volume":"44","author":"GB Challis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"212","article-title":"Does long-term hospitalization modify cardiovascular morbidity in schizophrenic patients","volume":"64","author":"T Steinert","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(02)00508-X","article-title":"Schizophrenia and tobacco smoking in a Spanish psychiatric hospital","volume":"60","author":"A LLerena","year":"2003","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.145.4.429","article-title":"Smoking and malignancy in schizophrenia","volume":"145","author":"E Masterson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(03)00065-5","article-title":"Why do so many drug users smoke?","volume":"25","author":"RM McCool","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00362-9","article-title":"Smoking and substance abuse in outpatients with schizophrenia: a 2-year follow-up study in Turkey","volume":"70","author":"O Uzun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459109150699","article-title":"Tobacco addiction as a marker of age at onset of schizophrenia","volume":"57","author":"R Sandyk","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.10.005","article-title":"Marital status and smoking in Korea: the influence of gender and age","volume":"66","author":"HJ Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agm029","article-title":"Association between smoking and alcohol use in the general population: stable and unstable odds ratios across two years in two different countries","volume":"42","author":"J De Leon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1300\/J374v03n03_05","article-title":"Smoking, Genetics and Schizophrenia: Evidence for Self Medication","volume":"3","author":"S Leonard","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Dual Diagn"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.07.019","article-title":"Nicotinic interactions with antipsychotic drugs, models of schizophrenia and impacts on cognitive function","volume":"74","author":"ED Levin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref77","first-page":"321","article-title":"Cigarette smoking in patients with schizophrenia in Turkey: relationships to psychopathology, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics","volume":"25","author":"E Okan","year":"2012","journal-title":"D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckp153","article-title":"Influence of smoking and alcohol consumption on admissions and duration of hospitalization","volume":"20","author":"UA Hvidtfeldt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02373.x","article-title":"Alcohol consumption and mortality and hospital admissions in men from the Midspan collaborative cohort study","volume":"103","author":"CL Hart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2011.00150.x","article-title":"Predictors of smoking severity in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol use disorders","volume":"20","author":"ZS Meszaros","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00664.x","article-title":"Tobacco smoking behaviors in bipolar disorder: a comparison of the general population, schizophrenia, and major depression","volume":"11","author":"FJ Diaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0088478","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T11:15:14Z","timestamp":1688987714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0088478"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jerson","family":"Laks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0088478","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]}}}