{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:30:51Z","timestamp":1785796251118,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394668800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T20:52:56Z","timestamp":1394743976000},"page":"e90978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Factors Associated with D-Dimer Levels in HIV-Infected Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"\u00c1lvaro H.","family":"Borges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jemma L.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew N.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason V.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Vjecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo H.","family":"Losso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hartwig","family":"Klinker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Lopardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens D.","family":"Lundgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the INSIGHT SMART and ESPRIT Study Groups and the SILCAAT Scientific Committee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832995fa","article-title":"HIV increases markers of cardiovascular risk: results from a randomized, treatment interruption trial","volume":"23","author":"A Calmy","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1086\/652749","article-title":"Markers of inflammation, coagulation, and renal function are elevated in adults with HIV infection","volume":"201","author":"J Neuhaus","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062360","article-title":"CD4+ count-guided interruption of antiretroviral treatment","volume":"355","author":"WM El-Sadr","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e203","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050203","article-title":"Inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers and mortality in patients with HIV infection","volume":"5","author":"LH Kuller","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24243","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024243","article-title":"Pre-ART levels of inflammation and coagulation markers are strong predictors of death in a South African cohort with advanced HIV disease","volume":"7","author":"L Ledwaba","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181f7f61a","article-title":"Changes in inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers: a randomized comparison of immediate versus deferred antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection","volume":"56","author":"JV Baker","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-03-210179","article-title":"Increased tissue factor expression on circulating monocytes in chronic HIV infection: relationship to in vivo coagulation and immune activation","volume":"115","author":"NT Funderburg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2010.00835.x","article-title":"IL-6 and D-dimer levels are associated with vascular dysfunction in patients with untreated HIV infection","volume":"11","author":"J Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2007.01388.x","article-title":"D-dimer concentration increases with age reducing the clinical value of the D-dimer assay in the elderly","volume":"37","author":"PL Harper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis406","article-title":"Burden of Comorbid Disease and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Altered Coagulation and Monocyte Activation","volume":"55","author":"KA Armah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1159\/000213677","article-title":"Fibrin degeneration product concentrations (D-dimers) in the course of ageing","volume":"41","author":"K Hager","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M649","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/55.11.M649","article-title":"Age, functional status, and racial differences in plasma D-dimer levels in community-dwelling elderly persons","volume":"55","author":"CF Pieper","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-010-0153-9","article-title":"Inflammatory Markers Associated with Coronary Heart Disease in Persons with HIV Infection","volume":"13","author":"CJ Fichtenbaum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1548","article-title":"Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with HIV infection","volume":"361","author":"D Abrams","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med 2009"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580","article-title":"Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine","volume":"16","author":"DW Cockcroft","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1086\/593102","article-title":"Opportunistic disease and mortality in patients coinfected with hepatitis B or C virus in the strategic management of antiretroviral therapy (SMART) study","volume":"47","author":"E Tedaldi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1815","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid levels predict increased risk of non-AIDS death in hepatitis-coinfected persons interrupting antiretroviral therapy in the SMART Study","volume":"16","author":"L Peters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2012.083410","article-title":"Association of D-dimer levels with all-cause mortality in a healthy adult population: findings from the MOLI-SANI study","volume":"98","author":"A Di Castelnuovo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21429","article-title":"Associations of factor VIIIc, D-dimer, and plasmin-antiplasmin with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality","volume":"84","author":"AR Folsom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.03215.x","article-title":"African-American ethnicity is associated with higher plasma levels of D-dimer in adults with hypertension","volume":"7","author":"M Khaleghi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.02906.x","article-title":"Common genetic variants associated with plasma fibrin D-dimer concentration in older European- and African-American adults","volume":"6","author":"LA Lange","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2010.00765.x","article-title":"Factors associated with positive D-dimer results in patients evaluated for pulmonary embolism","volume":"17","author":"C Kabrhel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.13.12.1738","article-title":"Severity of peripheral atherosclerosis is associated with fibrinogen and degradation of cross-linked fibrin","volume":"13","author":"R Lassila","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1161\/hq0202.102318","article-title":"Female hormones and thrombosis","volume":"22","author":"FR Rosendaal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-143-10-200511150-00006","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy or postpartum: a 30-year population-based study","volume":"143","author":"JA Heit","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2004","article-title":"Sex differences in the Toll-like receptor-mediated response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to HIV-1","volume":"15","author":"A Meier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.4.1262","article-title":"D-dimer correlates with proinflammatory cytokine levels and outcomes in critically ill patients","volume":"121","author":"AF Shorr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650653","article-title":"Interleukin-6 stimulates coagulation, not fibrinolysis, in humans","volume":"76","author":"JM Stouthard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1994.tb04733.x","article-title":"Fibrin degradation product D-dimer induces the synthesis and release of biologically active IL-1 beta, IL-6 and plasminogen activator inhibitors from monocytes in vitro","volume":"86","author":"SC Robson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1086\/649560","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein particles and markers of inflammation and thrombotic activity in patients with untreated HIV infection","volume":"201","author":"J Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000225982.01988.93","article-title":"Endothelial and antithrombotic actions of HDL","volume":"98","author":"C Mineo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.1549","article-title":"High circulating D-dimers are associated with ascites and hepatocellular carcinoma in liver cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"A Spadaro","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000264","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000264","article-title":"HIV Replication Alters the Composition of Extrinsic Pathway Coagulation Factors and Increases Thrombin Generation","volume":"2","author":"JV Baker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646627","article-title":"Plasma D dimer: a useful marker of fibrin breakdown in renal failure","volume":"61","author":"MP Gordge","year":"1989","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000042700.48769.59","article-title":"Elevations of inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers in elderly persons with renal insufficiency","volume":"107","author":"MG Shlipak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.15.8.1094","article-title":"Determinants of fibrin D-dimer in the Edinburgh Artery Study","volume":"15","author":"AJ Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0090978","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T08:48:15Z","timestamp":1597567695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0090978"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Cristian","family":"Apetrei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0090978","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]}}}